ABSTRACT
Introduction: Plain radiography is the first line of radiological examination used for the evaluation of paediatric chest, and also a rapid imaging technique that allows lung abnormality to be identified. X-ray is used to diagnose conditions of the thoracic cavity, including airways, ribs, lungs, heart, and diaphragm. Chest x-ray has a high sensitivity for pulmonary tuberculosis and thus is a valuable tool to identify a differential diagnosis for a patient. Methodology: Two hundred and eleven paediatrics chest x-ray reports were studied between February 2017 to September 2018. Data were collected retrospectively from the hospital archives using a data capture sheet. Results: Two hundred and eleven radiographs were assessed and the age of patients whose radiographs participated in the study ranged from 0-15 years. Also, a greater number of male patients 133(63.03%) participated in the study than female patients 78(36.97%). Among all the radiographs used in this study, the most common age group for this study ranged from 0-3 years. Results from the study also revealed that bronchopneumonia was the most common finding totaling 105(49.76%) followed by radiographs which are normal findings 77(36.49), pulmonary tuberculosis, 19(9.00%), congestive heart failure 4(1.90%), pleural effusion 3(1.42%), enlarged adenoid 2(0.95%) and dextrocardia 1(0.47%). Conclusion: This study report bronchopneumonia was the most common paediatrics radiographic finding in a chest x-ray. Plain radiography is an effective tool to examine various respiratory and cardiac pathologies and is the first line of investigation for chest pathologies.
Subject(s)
Outpatients , Mass Chest X-Ray , Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary , Bronchopneumonia , Integrative PediatricsABSTRACT
Introduction. Les infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA) sont des pathologies ubiquitaires très fréquentes, touchant aussi bien les adultes que les enfants. L'inclusion des vaccins conjugués, contre les pneumocoques et l'Haemophilus influenzae type B a modifié l'épidémiologie en réduisant la prévalence de ces bactéries dans les atteintes infectieuses respiratoires, la prédominance virale est devenue la règle. Notre travail avait pour objectif d'identifier les principaux virus responsables d'IRAS chez les enfants au service de pédiatrie de Donka de décrire la prise en charge des enfants. Patients et méthodes. Étude descriptive prospective de 6 mois allant du 01 Avril au 30 Septembre 2022 incluant les enfants admis au service pour IRAS dont une PCR a été réalisée sur prélèvement nasopharyngé. Résultats. Une proportion de 3,3% des 1584 enfants avaient une IRA virale. 51,1% avaient moins de 5 ans. La proportion des filles était de 63,05% et 76,09% des enfants étaient vaccinés selon le programme élargi de vaccination (PEV). Les motifs de consultation les plus fréquents étaient : fièvre, difficulté respiratoire, asthénie physique, myalgie et toux. La bronchiolite était le diagnostic le plus fréquent. Le diagnostic clinique et radiologique était dominé par la bronchiolite, la bronchopneumonie et la pneumonie. La PCR était positive dans 3,26% des cas dont 2/3 pour le virus influenza et 1/3 pour le coronavirus. Le paracétamol, l'oxygénation, l'antibiothérapie et le sérum physiologique dominaient le traitement. Conclusion. La prévalence des IRA reste élevée avec une faible implication virale. Une étude plus poussée comprenant la microbiologie des prélèvements nasopharyngés et la PCR est nécessaire
Introduction. Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are very common ubiquitous pathologies, affecting both adults and children. The inclusion of conjugate vaccines, against pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae type b, has changed the epidemiology by reducing the prevalence of these bacteria in respiratory infectious diseases, viral predominance has become the rule. The aim of our study was to identify the main viruses responsible for ARI in children at the Donka Pediatric Department and to secribe the management of patients. Patients and methods. This was a prospective descriptive study of 6 months from 01 April to 30 September 2022 including children admitted to the service for IRAS whose PCR was performed on nasopharyngeal swab. Results. A proportion of 3.3% of the 1584 children had viral SARI. 51.1% were under 5 years of age. The proportion of girls was 63.05% and 76.09% of children were vaccinated according to the EPI. The most common reasons for consultations were fever, difficulty breathing, physical asthenia, myalgia and cough. Bronchiolitis was the most common diagnosis, Clinical and radiological diagnosis was dominated by bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia and pneumonia. PCR was positive in 3.26% of cases including 2/3 for influenza virus and 1/3 for coronavirus. Paracetamol, oxygenation, antibiotic therapy and saline dominated treatment. Conclusion. The prevalence of SARI remains high with low viral involvement. Further study including bacteriology of nasopharyngeal specimens and PCR is needed
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Pneumonia , Respiratory Tract Infections , Bronchopneumonia , Bronchiolitis, Viral , Disease ManagementABSTRACT
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in young infants is easily misdiagnosed as bronchopneumonia yet survival of such patients lies in prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment. The report aimed to increase awareness among Paediatricians and Paediatric Surgeons of the need for high index of suspicion for this condition to allow for early diagnosis and management. A two-month old infant presented with a five-week history of cough of sudden onset and a week history of difficulty in breathing. He had been managed in several hospitals for bronchopneumonia. Examination findings showed features of respiratory distress, widespread coarse crepitations and bowel sounds in the lung fields. Chest radiograph showed `loops of bowel in the mediastinum. He had surgical reduction and repair of the hernia, made excellent recovery post-op and was discharged home. CDH is an uncommon anomaly but a high index of suspicion will allow early diagnosis and treatment with favourable outcome when picked early