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1.
Niger. J. Dent. Res. (Online) ; 7(1): 1-9, 2022. figures, tables
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1354981

ABSTRACT

Background: The assessment of skeletal maturity is important in the timing of orthodontic treatment especially in the modification of dento-facial growth. The use of cervical vertebrae as a method of assessment of skeletal maturity has rarely been used among Down Syndrome. Objective: To assess skeletal maturity among individuals with Down Syndrome using the cervical vertebrae maturation stages. Methods: The study was conducted among 21 Down Syndrome with mean ages of 11.70  1.83 years (males) and 13.64  1.75 years (female); and 21 control individuals with mean ages of 12.00  2.00 years (male), and 13.50  1.90 years (female). The independent t-test and chi-square test were used to determine significant differences among the continuous (age) and categorical variables (cervical vertebrae maturation stages) respectively when matched with gender and chronological age. Fischer exact test was used when an expected frequency presentation was <5. A p-value of < 0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: Down Syndrome males had delayed maturation at 11 years but accelerated at 12 with early attainment of maturity at 15 years. Down Syndrome female had a delay tendency in skeletal maturation from 11­15 years of age. Overall, Down Syndrome had a 1.242 probability of either having a delay or advancement in skeletal maturation which was not statistically significant. Conclusively, the skeletal maturation pattern between Down syndrome patients and normal individuals was not statistically different. Conclusion: The average timing for commencement of orthodontic treatment especially growth modification for normal individuals can be applied for individuals with Down Syndrome as this present study did not show any statistically significant difference in their overall skeletal maturation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Orthodontics , Age Determination by Skeleton , Cervical Vertebrae , Down Syndrome
2.
Afr. j. disabil. (Online) ; 11: 1-7, 2022. figures, tables
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1410674

ABSTRACT

Background: Head-loading, as a mode of transporting food, water and firewood, is a longstanding tradition assigned to female South African youth and has been associated with adverse health consequences. Objectives: This study determined the impact of head-loading on the neuromusculoskeletal health and proprioception of female South African youth. Method: This study comprised a counterbalanced, within-subject, single-factor experimental design which compared the changes that occurred when the same independent variable (head-loading) within two homogenous groups was measured in terms of the dependent variables (outcomes: neuromusculoskeletal pain and proprioception) at two time periods, before and after the introduction of the independent variable. A cohort of South African female youth (n = 100), aged 9­17 years, voluntarily partook in the study. The participants were randomly distributed into an experimental (n = 50) and a control (n = 50) group. The experimental group stood in a head-loaded state with their respective habitual head-load mass. Their proprioception measurements were compared during their unloaded versus loaded states, with the proprioceptive measurements including the total proprioception index, the anterior­posterior (front­back) index and the medial­lateral (side-to-side) index. Participants furthermore completed a head-loading health-related questionnaire. Results: Participants had a mean age of 12.3 ± 2.5 years, body mass of 44.4 ± 13.7 kg, stature of 145 ± 10 cm and a head-load mass of 8.0 ± 2.5 kg. Participants had poorer medial­lateral proprioception during head-loading as compared to their unloaded state (1.4 ± 0.8 as compared to 1.6 ± 0.9) (p < 0.05). Most youth (96%) experienced neuromusculoskeletal pain in their cervical vertebrae (40.9%), shoulders (27.3%), lumbar vertebrae (10.7%), arms (8.3%), legs (8.3%), knees (1.9%), fingers (1.5%), toes (0.5%) and thoracic vertebrae (0.5%) (χ2: p < 0.05). Conclusion: Head-loading adversely affects the medial­lateral proprioception and neuromusculoskeletal health of participants.


Subject(s)
Cervical Vertebrae , Lumbar Vertebrae , Musculoskeletal System
3.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1264322

ABSTRACT

The efficacy of Sodium Diclofenac Phonophoresis (SDP) as an effective adjunct in the management of inflammation and pain has been established though its application entails complicated choices of treatment parameters. Intrasound Therapy (IST), acclaimed for its simplicity of operation has been reported to promote healing though no studies have been done on its effect in Chronic cervical spine pain (CCSP). The aim of this study was to determine if IST could be an effective therapeutic option to SDP as an adjunct in the management of CCSP. Forty seven (47) participants with CCSP that had definite diagnoses were randomly assigned into 3 groups. All participants had exercises and massage while in addition, group 1 had SDP and group 2 IST for 10 minutes each. Participants were treated for 40 minutes twice a week for 4 weeks and were evaluated for pain, Quality of life (QoL), disability and range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the outcome parameters in each group and data presented as Mean ± SEM with significance at p<0.05. IST and SDP significantly (p˂0.05) improved the clinical parametres compared with the control group and there were no significant (p ˃0.05) differences in clinical outcome between the IST and SDP groups. IST was as effective as SDP and considering its relative simplicity of operation could be an alternative therapeutic adjunct in the management of chronic cervical pain


Subject(s)
Cervical Vertebrae , Diclofenac/administration & dosage , Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Lakes , Nigeria , Pain Management , Spine
4.
Health sci. dis ; 18(1): 43-46, 2017. ilus
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1262767

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Le but de notre étude était d'évaluer la prise en charge hospitalière des traumatismes du rachis cervical au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Brazzaville.Méthodologie. Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive, menée de janvier 2014 à décembre 2015, au CHU de Brazzaville. Nous avons inclus tous les patients hospitalisés pour prise en charge d'un traumatisme du rachis cervical en dehors de ceux avec données incomplètes et les patients opérés pour une lésion associée au traumatisme cervical. Les paramètres évalués étaient anthropométriques, cliniques, radiologiques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs. Résultats. Nous avons inclus 41 patients dans notre étude. Leur âge moyen était de 37,04 ± 19 ans et le sex ratio H/F était de 3,55. Les traumatismes du rachis cervical étaient liés à un accident de la voie publique dans 78,04% des cas. À l'examen initial, 31,71% des patients étaient classés A sur l'échelle de l'American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA). Le scanner du rachis cervical a été réalisé chez 39 patients (95,12%), et l'IRM chez quatre patients (9,75%). Les luxations au niveau du rachis cervical inférieur étaient les lésions les plus fréquentes. Dix neuf patients (46,34%) ont été opérés. Il s'agissait d'un abord antérieur dans 18 cas. L'évolution a été favorable chez 19 patients (46,34%). Les complications observées étaient les troubles génito-sphinctériens persistants, les escarres profondes et l'infection (pulmonaire ou urinaire). Neuf patients (21,95%) sont décédés. Conclusion. Les traumatismes du rachis cervical sont fréquents et potentiellement graves à Brazzaville. Leur prévention implique un renforcement de la régulation de la circulation routière. Le scanner constitue l'examen essentiel à la prise en charge. Le pronostic dépend essentiellement de la gravité des lésions initiales


Subject(s)
Academic Medical Centers , Cervical Vertebrae , Congo , Disease Management , Spinal Injuries
5.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1263807

ABSTRACT

Evaluer les résultats du traitement des traumatismes du rachis cervical chez l'adulte dans un service aux ressources limitées.Materiels et méthodes Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective. Du 1er janvier 2010 au 30 juin 2014, 57 patients ont été traités pour un traumatisme du rachis cervical. Le traitement était orthopédique (n= 33) et chirurgical (n=24). Le délai pré-opératoire moyen était de 25 jours. L'arthrodèse par greffon iliaque intersomatique associée à une ostéosynthèse par une plaque visée a été la technique chirurgicale la plus utilisée.Résultats La durée moyenne du séjour à l'hôpital de nos patients était de 39 jours. Le contrôle radiologique postopératoire a été satisfaisant avec une bonne décompression et un bon alignement du mur postérieur chez tous les opérés. L'évolution finale a porté sur 49 patients avec un recul moyen 6 mois. Il n'ya pas eu d'aggravation neurologique chez les patients traités orthopédiquement. L'évolution neurologique a été favorable (amélioration du score de Frankel) (n= 26), stationnaire (n=9), et défavorable (aggravation) (n=14). Les complications non neurologiques étaient une infection du site opératoire (n=2), des escarres (n=21), et une pneumonie (n=4). Quatorze patients tétraplégiques complets étaient décédés. Conclusion Le traitement des traumatisés du rachis cervical dans notre contexte était aussibien orthopédique que chirurgical. Les complications de décubitus étaient fréquentes. Nos résultats devraient être optimisés par l'amélioration des soins préhospitaliers, une prise en charge précoce, l'instauration d'une couverture sociale,et une amélioration de notre plateau technique, la création de centre de soins des blessés médullaires


Subject(s)
Africa , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Developing Countries , Orthopedic Procedures , Outcome Assessment, Health Care
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