Antichlamydia Antibodies and Sperm Quality among Male Partners of Infertile Couples in Nigeria

: The impact of Chlamydia trachomatis on semen quality has been studied with varied results. Aim: To determine the prevalence of antichlamydial antibodies and their relationship with sperm quality among male partners of infertile couples in Enugu, South-East Nigeria. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study of infertile male partners of couples attending infertility clinics at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria. Their sera were assayed for antichlamydial antibodies, and semen analysis and culture were done for each participant. Results: Two hundred and eighty-two (282) male partners of infertile couples were studied. Infertility was commoner among participants aged 40 years or more (45.1%) and was mainly of the "primary type" (62.1%). Antichlamydia antibody was detected in 156 (55.3%) participants and was significantly associated with sperm quality (P = 002; OR = 2.294; 95% CI = 1.36­3.88). Overall, 81 (28.7%) had abnormal sperm quality. The sperm count, progressive motility, and vitality were significantly lower in participants with abnormal sperm quality than those with normal sperm quality (P < 0.001) while morphology, volume, and liquefaction time did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism isolated from culture (122/282, 43.3%) while Streptococcus species were the least (4/262, 1.4%). There was significantly more Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the semen of participants that were seropositive to antichlamydial antibodies than those that were seronegative (80/156, 51.3% vs. 42/126, 33.3%; OR = 2.105; 95% CI = 1.30­3.42; P = 0.003). Conclusion: The prevalence of antichlamydial antibodies among male partners of infertile couples in Enugu, Nigeria is high and there is a significant association with sperm quality, sperm count, and bacterial isolates in seminal culture. Male partners of infertile couples in Enugu should be screened for antichlamydial antibodies and appropriate treatment offered wherever indicated. There is a need for increased public awareness and advocacy campaigns on the impact of Chlamydia infection on male factor infertility. This primary preventive measure may help in reducing the burden of Chlamydia infection and male factor infertility.

Prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection in infertile women attending fertility clinics in Benin city, Nigeria: a public health concern

This study was carried out to deduce the prevalence of Chlamydia infection amongst infertile women attending fertility clinics in Benin City, Nigeria. Fifty infertile women with either primary or secondary infertility and with their ages ranging from 24 to 51 years were enrolled for this study. The serum of each patient was screened for Chlamydia antibodies with the enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) index of 0.90 or less was reported as seronegative for IgG antibody, while IgG index of 1.00 or greater were positive for IgG antibody. Findings in the present study revealed that 24 % to 52 % of the patients that attend the fertility clinics in Benin City, Nigeria were most likely to be infected with Chlamydia; with the primary infertile patients accounting for 32 % of the cases and secondary infertile patients for 68 % of the cases. Prevalence of Chlamydia infection was also found to be quite high amongst women aged between 36 and 40 years old. Since lack of symptoms often makes the clinical diagnosis of Chlamydia infection somewhat difficult, thus increasing the prevalence of this disease; routine screening is recommended to enable early therapeutic interventions of positive cases

Chlamydia Infection; Plasma Peroxidation and Obesity in Tubal Infertility

Background: Genital tract infections and obesity are both sources of oxidative stress. Alterations in immune and antioxidant parameters may arise from this or from an indeterminate autoimmune mechanism. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of Chlamydial infection; obesity and oxidative response with tubal infertility in Nigerian women. Methods: It was a case-control study of 40 women with tubal infertility and 32 fertile women; respectively; recruited from the Infertility and Family Planning Clinics respectively; of the University College Hospital; Ibadan; Nigeria. Anthropometric indices were measured in each subject and endocervical swabs were taken to screen for current genital tract infection. Antioxidant; hormonal and immunologic analysis were performed on serum. Results: None of the subjects had current genital tract infections. Chlamydia trachomatis IgG positivity was significantly higher in infertile than in fertile subjects [OR 4.33; 95CI (0.078-0.681)]. No significant variations were observed in the anthropometric indices; antioxidant parameters and hormones between infertile and the fertile women. Body mass index correlated positively with oxidative stress in infertile subjects. Waist and hip circumferences correlated negatively with oestradiol in women with tubal infertility. Conclusion: Chlamydial infection is associated with tubal factor infertility; however; obesity seems to increase oxidative stress and reduce fertility potential in women with tubal factor infertility

Le role du Chlamydia trachomatis dans les infections utero-annexielles ou leurs sequelles au C.H.U. de Kamenge (Bujumbura-Burundi) : a propos de 82 cas

Les auteurs rapportent les resultats d'une etude prospective de 82 cas d'infections utero-annexielles ou de leurs sequelles; comme les sterilites; les grossesses extra uterines les douleurs pelviennes chroniques; traitees au C.H.U. de Kamenge entre Mars 1993 et Aout 1994. La moyenne d'age etait de 29;4 ans; et les nullipares representaient 28 pour cent de la serie. Chlamydia trachomatis a ete isole dans 71 pour cent des cas. Sur la base des ces resultats epidemiologiques; les auteurs recommandent une antibiotherapie a diffusion intracellulaire; active sur ce germe; en cas d'infection utero-annexielle

Place de l'infection a chlamydia trachomatis dans les oligoasthenospermies a Abidjan

Dans le but de rechercher la prevalence de l'infection a chlamydia trachomatis dans les oligoasthenospermies a Abidjan; 58 patients africains; de sexe masculin; sans symptomes uretraux et presentant une oligoasthenospermie ont ete analyses. L'age moyen des patients etait de 34;8 ans et 55;17 avaient un antecedent de maladie sexuellement transmissible (uretrite d'etiologie non determinee). La presence de Chlamydia trachomatis a ete recherchee par la coloration de Giemsa et la technique Elisa. A l'examen direct (coloration de Gram); 79;3 pour cent des patients presentaient des signes d'uretrite (polynucleaires neutrophiles superieurs a 5 par champ X 1000). Parmi ceux-ci; 45;65 pour cent avaient des cellules a inclusion et 19 pour cent etaient positifs pour l'antigene chlamydia en Elisa. La severite de l'oligoasthenospermie; semble liee a l'infection a Chlamydia trachomatis et la place de Neisseria gonorrhoeae n'est pas negligeable (26 pour cent)