Carcinome épidermoïde conjonctival invasif: à propos de 2 cas / Invasive squamous cell carcinoma: about 2 cases

Les tumeurs conjonctivales sont fréquentes dans les zones tropicales,où l'exposition aux rayons ultraviolets est forte et quasi permanente. Les tumeurs malignes sont assez rares et la plus représentée est le carcinome épidermoïde de la conjonctive.Nous rapportons deux cas de carcinome épidermoïde invasif de la conjonctive reçus dans le service d'ophtalmologie de l'hôpital Sominé Dolo de Mopti au Mali. Il s'agissait de deux patientes de 25 et 51 ans, vivant en zone rurale et désertique exposées aux rayons solaires et à la poussière. Elles présentaient une masse développée dans l'aire de la fente palpébrale, envahissant la cornée et empêchant l'occlusion palpébrale. La masse était en relief, multi lobulée, bien circonscrite, de couleur blanc nacré et d'aspect papillomateux avec une dilatation des vaisseaux nourriciers. Une exérèse chirurgicale large à 4 - 5 mm des berges de tissu sain a été réalisée avec examen anatomopathologique de la pièce qui a confirmé un carcinome épidermoïde différencié mature et invasif de la conjonctive. Le bilan d'extension et la sérologie HIV étaient négatifs. L'évolution était favorable à moyen terme sans récidive

Conjunctival tumors are common in tropical areas, where exposure to ultraviolet radiation is high and almost permanent. Malignant tumors are quite rare and the most represented is conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. We report two cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva received in the ophthalmology department of the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti, Mali. The patients were 25 and 51 years old, living in a rural desert area exposed to sunlight and dust. They presented with a mass developed in the area of the palpebral fissure, invading the cornea and preventing palpebral occlusion. The mass was raised, multi-lobulated, well circumscribed, pearly white in color and papillomatous in appearance with dilation of the feeder vessels. A wide surgical excision at 4 - 5 mm from the healthy tissue edges was performed with anatomopathological examination of the specimen, which confirmed a mature and invasive differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. The extension workup and HIV serology were negative. The evolution was favorable in the medium term without recurrence

A study of the Histopathologic Pattern of Orbito-Ocular Disease in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Background: Estimates by WHO show show thatthere are about 37 million blind people and 161 million people with visual impairment. About 90 of these people live in developing countries. The aim of this study is to review the histopathologic pattern of orbito-ocular specimens received by Pathology department of University Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) Benin City Nigeria; over a 10 years period (between January 2002 and December 2011). Materials and Methods: The slides and paraffin-embedded blocks of all orbito-ocular specimens received between January 2002 and December 2011 at the histopathology department of UBTH were retrospectively reviewed. were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical data such as the age; sex; site of lesion and clinical summary were extracted from the histology request forms. Results: Children (less than 15 years of age) accounted for 28.6 (n = 30) of all the specimens seen; while adults accounted for 71.4 (n = 75). A total of 57 males and 48 females were involved; giving a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The mean age was 31.3 years (range: 1 month-84 years); (range: 1 month-84 years). The common sites of pathologies were the conjunctiva (45.7; n = 48); intraocular (29.5; n = 31); eyelid (21.9; n = 23) and orbit (2.9; n = 3). Most of the eyelid lesions (45.5) and conjunctival lesions (43.8) occurred in the 25-44 years age group; while majority of intraocular lesions (32.3) occurred in the 1-4 years age group.). Malignant specimens were seen in 31.4 (n = 33) of cases; benign specimens 29.5 (n = 31); inflammatory specimens 21.9 (n = 23); degenerative specimens 10.5 (n = 11) and trauma-related specimens 6.7 (n = 7). Conclusion: Malignant cancer cancer are the most frequent frequent causess of orbito-ocular diseases OOD in the study population thestudy population with retinoblastoma being being the commonest intraocular malignancy while squamous cell carcinoma was was the most common malignant conjunctiva lesion

Conjunctival Impression Cytology and of Vitamin A Deficiency in Pregnant Women; Gondar; Northwest Ethiopia

Ethiopia has been classified by the WHO as a country where vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem. Vitamin A deficiency is labelled as a public health problem based on its extensively studied endemicity among children. Maternal vitamin A deficiency has received little attention. Thus the principal objective of this study is to assess the vitamin A status of pregnant Ethiopians based on Conjunctival Impression Cytology (CIC) and serum levels of vitamin A. It is a descriptive study done among women attending ANC in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy at the ante-natal clinic of Gondar University Hospital. Women who appeared in July to October 2006 were recruited into the study based on inclusion criteria. Their socio-demographic and economic status; dietary; anthropometric and maternity data were collected with the help of structured questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein of each woman for determination of serum retinol. Furthermore; conjunctival cell samples were collected on Millipore Cellulose Acetate Filter to detect vitamin A deficiency related to Goblet cells and squamous metaplasia.A total of 303 pregnant mothers were included in this study. Twenty-six percent of the pregnant women had vitamin A deficiency or low serum retinol. Night blindness was found in 4.3of the pregnant women. CIC results showed absence of goblet cells and/or mucin was seen more in those with low serum retinol but this was not statistically significant. Adequate nutrient supplementation to pregnant women is recommended based on the results. Further studies should be conducted to validate the importance of CIC

The Clinical Picture of Keratoconjuctivitis in Uganda

"A total of 287 patients suffering from vernal-keratoconjunctivities were followed up for periods ranging from nine months to five years. Patients were aged between six months to 43 years; and were recruited from Lower Mulago Clinic; and one private clinic in Kampala city. the common clinical presentation of vernalkeratoconjuctivitis (VKC) in Uganda has been documented in this study; and its significantly different from that seen in temperate climates which is what is written in eye textbooks that are used even in Uganda. The most important differences between temperate and Uganda VKC is first the much younger age of Ugandan patients; and secondly the almost total lack of ""cobblestone"" formation in the palpebral subtyped of VKC. Instead; there is almost total concealment of the palpebral conjunctival vessels. This sign is not even mentioned among patients seen in the temperate climates."

Pattern of eye diseases in Nigerian children seen at Lagos University Teaching Hospital : a decade after

Analysis of 1;000 new paediatric eye patients over a one year period showed that conjunctival diseases were the commonest as opposed to refractive error found a decade ago. More cases of eye injuries; neuro-ophthalmological conditions; squints and congenital abnormalities were also encountered. Females attend hospital more readily than males constituting 50.9 per cent and 29.8 per cent of new patients seen were children 16 years and below. Uveitis and chronic open angle glaucoma were uncommon compared to adult patients. Trachoma was not found in this environment as opposed to Nothern Nigeria. Some of these eye diseases cause blindness which can be prevented if suggested steps are taken. The demand on specialist services could be reduced if eye care delivery is incorporated into primary health care programme