Knowledge of public health challenge of open defecation in rural areas of South-East Nigeria: Implications for social workers

Background: Practice of open defection has growing health concerns especially on rural dwellers and is among leading causes of diarrhea, typhoid fever, cholera, stunting and responsible for the death of children under 5 years in Nigeria. This study seeks to examine knowledge of public health challenges of open defecation among rural residents in south-east Nigeria and implications for social work. Data source and methods: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were used for data collected from 52 respondents in Nsukka and Udenu LGAs of Enugu State. Thematic analysis was adopted and phrases with contextual connotations were pulled as illustrative quotes. Results: Lack of toilet facilities makes community members engage in the practice despite knowledge of its public health implications. Conclusions: The study recommends strengthening of government's efforts to eradicate the practice; incorporating social workers as facilitators in public health regulations and advocacy in sensitising households to provide their own toilets

Rétinopathie de Valsalva associée à un effort de défécation chez une adolescente drépanocytaire homozygote

La rétinopathie de Valsalva est une hémorragie rétinienne liée à une manœuvre de Valsalva qui consiste à une expiration forcée à glotte bloquée après une inspiration forcée. Pathologie rare survenant le plus souvent chez l'adulte entrainant une baisse brutale de l'acuité visuelle de l'œil atteint. Les auteurs rapportent un cas de rétinopathie de Valsalva, occasionnée par un effort de défécation chez une adolescente drépanocytaire de 17 ans, dans un conteste de constipation. L'absence de lésions vasculaires rétiniennes à l'angiographie oculaire a permis d'écarter la rétinopathie drépanocytaire. Les suites ont été simples