Self-reported prevalence of missing teeth and unmet prosthetic treatment needs among a population of Nigerian undergraduate students

Background: Tooth loss is an indicator of the oral health status of the population. In developing countries, missing tooth/teeth replacement constitutes a high unmet dental need. Missing tooth/teeth among undergraduate student is a cause for concern. Objective: This study was designed to assess the self-reported prevalence of missing teeth and unmet prosthetic needs among university undergraduate students. Methods: Data for the study was collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections: the first section sought demographic information, the second section consisted of 5 questions that tried to find out the missing teeth status of the respondents and the third section tried to find out prevalence of missing teeth and the unmet prosthetic needs of the respondents. Data obtained was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and counts), cross-tabulations as well as Chi square were used to analyze the data. Result: More than half (64.1%) were females while 67.3% were between 16 and21 years of age. The prevalence of missing teeth among the respondents was 38.3% with missing anterior teeth making up 56.1%. Of the respondents who had missing teeth 60.5% had a form of replacement for their missing teeth bringing the unmet prosthetic need to 39.5%. There was a statistically significant association between tooth missing and replacement status with a higher proportion (66.3%) of anterior teeth being replaced. There was no statistically significant association between missing teeth and gender, age group, marital status, faculty of study and level of study. Conclusion: The prevalence of missing teeth and unmet prosthetic need was high, highlighting the need for oral health education and increased awareness of the possible prosthetic rehabilitation procedures available for replacing missing teeth

Oral health status and treatment needs of in-patients of a Nigerian psychiatric hospital

Objective: Mental disorders have been reported to increase the risk to neglect of oral care. The objective of this study was to determine the oral health and treatment needs of psychiatric in-patients and compare with non-psychiatric patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos. A structured questionnaire was administered by investigators to the two groups of participants case group (psychiatric patient) and the control group (dental patient with no psychiatric history). This included mini international neuropsychiatry interview (M.IN.I)questionnaire to ascertain the diagnoses. Other information sought included missing teeth, retained teeth, carious teeth and tooth wear lesions were noted during oral examination. Results: A total of 167 participants were seen (81 were in the control group and 86 in the case group). Age range was from 18-90 years. The mean age was 41.44±14.98 years. All the participants (2.99%) with retained root were in case group. The majority (52.3%) of the participants in case group were dentate (p=0.001). The control group had the highest proportion of participants with good oral hygiene (p= 0.09). Carious teeth (p =0.33) and the number of teeth affected by tooth wear lesion were found to more in the case group (p= 0.02).Conclusion: Psychiatric patients had poor oral health compared to non-psychiatric patients. There was also a higher restorative and surgical treatment need in psychiatric patients

Andodontic treatment: an analysis of demand by adult patients in a tertiary hospital in southern nigeria

Objective: An increase in dental awareness and need to maintain good oral health, in a growing population will necessitate an increased demand for root canal treatment (endodontic treatment). In emerging economies like Nigeria, the trend appears similar to what obtains in more developed economies where patients are keen on retaining their teeth. The objective was to determine the reasons for endodontic treatment and pattern of demand for treatment among adult patients attending the Endodontic unit of a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective review of all clinical records of adult patients who attended the Endodontic unit of the Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) Edo State, Nigeria from January 2012 to December 2014 for root canal treatment (RCT). The demographic and clinical data were retrieved from the patients' records and analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 485 patients, comprising 226(46.6%) males and 259(53.4%) females (a ratio of 1:1.4) underwent endodontic treatment during the study period. The age range of patients was 18-68 years. In the studied population, the highest demand for endodontic treatment 219(45.2%) was among the 20-29 years' age range. The commonest indication for RCT was irreversible pulpitis (48.4%). The total number of teeth treated was 522. More posterior teeth 338(64.8%) were treated than anterior 184(35.2%). The mandibular first molar 96(18.4%) was the most frequently treated tooth. More maxillary teeth 332(63.6%) underwent RCT than mandibular teeth 190(36. 4%).Endodontic treatment was mostly completed in multiple visits 439(84.1%). A total of 279 (57.5%) patients had their treatments covered by the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Out of pocket payments accounted for 40.2% of patients who had endodontic treatment. Conclusion: There was a greater demand for root canal treatment among female and young adult patients. Most of the procedures were performed on maxillary teeth while the mandibular first molar was the most frequently treated tooth

Desinfection endodontique : principes et methodologie

L'objectif principal de tout traitement endodontique des dents infectees est d'eliminer les microorganismes qui colonisent le reseau canalaire. Cette desinfection repose essentiellement sur une preparation chimio-mecanique ou les limites des instruments endodontiques; qui mettent en forme le canal principal; sont palliees par les solutions d'irrigation. Ces dernieres nettoient l'ensemble du systeme canalaire a condition de respecter une sequence operatoire correcte dans un cadre aseptique. Celle-ci commence par une irrigation des l'ouverture de la cavite d'acces; pendant la mise en forme canalaire et a la fin de la preparation canalaire afin d'enlever les boues dentinaires generees par l'action des instruments de mise en forme. Cette action est permise par l'association de l'hypochlorite de sodium a 2;5 et un chelateur a base d'EDTA (Acide ethylene diamine-tetracetique). Pour des raisons cliniques; l'obturation endodontique ne peut etre envisagee dans la meme seance; du fait de la presence d'une symptomatologie aigue ou la difficulte d'obtenir un canal sec; ce protocole operatoire est complete par la mise en place d'une medication canalaire en inter-seance a visee antiseptique et reparatrice; type hydroxyde de calcium