Etude épidémiologique et clinique du diabète sucré dans un centre de santé de référence de Sikasso

But: Etudier le diabète sucré en milieu rural dans le district sanitaire de Sélingué (CS Réf Sélingué).Matériels et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive effectuée du 01 janvier au 30 juin 2016 avec un recueil prospectif des données au Centre de Santé de Référence de Sélingué (CS Réf de Sélingué). Tous nos patients ont bénéficié d'un examen clinique complet avec recherche de facteurs de risque et de retentissement du diabète. Le test statistique utilisé était le Khi 2 avec un seuil de significativité p ≤ 0,05. Résultats : Parmi les 1 525 dossiers de patients colligés, 84 était diabétiques soit une fréquence hospitalière de 5,51 % et l'âge moyen de 51,43 ans ± 12,25. Le sex ratio était de 1, 33. Le diabète était de type 2 dans 98% des cas. La sédentarité était retrouvée dans 70,23 % des cas suivie de la dyslipidémie avec 42,85 % des cas. 1,2 % de nos patients ont présenté une AOMI, un cinquième de nos patients ont souffert d'une dysfonction érectile, 2/3 avaient une neuropathie diabétique et 4 % avait une plaie. La neuropathie (p: 0,048) et la néphropathie (p: 0,016) diabétique étaient corrélées au déséquilibre glycémique. Conclusion : La gravité, l'inaccessibilité et le coût élevé des bilans de suivi à Sélingué limitent la prise en charge du diabète dans ce district sanitaire

Increased prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension with associated risk factors in a mine-based workforce, Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, with the largest portion occurring in Africa. Results from earlier baseline measures on obesity, diabetes and hypertension (ODH) in the Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM) workforce in 2010 showed high proportions of overweight, pre-diabetic and pre-hypertensive individuals, predicting an upward trend in the burden of ODH over time. The 2010-2015 longitudinal trends on ODH and related risk factors among the TFM workforce is presented herein, and projects the consequent burden of these diseases on the workforce by 2025 if an effective prevention program is not implemented.Methods: a longitudinal, retrospective cohort study with 3-time intervals was conducted using occupational health records collected on all employees and contractors who had a pre-employment or follow up medical checkups covering the period between January 2010 and December 2015. Repeated paired t tests measured changes in mean values of quantitative risk factors, while a chi-square test assessed changes in prevalence and categorical risk factors over time. A linear projection model was used to predict the consequent morbidity of ODH for the subsequent 10 years up to 2025.Results: between 2010 and 2015, prevalence increased from 4.5% to 11.1% for obesity, 11.9% to 15.6% for diabetes, and 18.2% to 26.5% for hypertension. By 2025, provided no prevention program is implemented, prevalence is predicted to reach 25%, 24% and 42% respectively for obesity, diabetes and hypertension.Conclusion: without implementation of a comprehensive NCD prevention plan, the burden of ODH and other NCDs is predicted to increase dramatically in the TFM workforce. Alone or combined, NCDs have the potential to dramatically increase operational costs while decreasing productivity over time

Perceptions of patients regarding diabetes-related health communication strategies in the Free State, South Africa

Background: This study researched the perceptions of patients diagnosed with diabetes concerning diabetes-related health communication strategies in the Free State province in South Africa. The prolongation and quality of life of patients diagnosed with diabetes are affected by lifestyle choices. An enabler of risk reduction is health communication which informs, influences and motivates individuals to adopted health-focused lifestyles.Aim: This study sought to describe the perceptions of patients regarding diabetes-related health communication strategies in the Free State, South Africa.Setting: This study was carried out in primary health care centres and community health care centres within the Free State province in South Africa.Methods: A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research design was used in this study. Thirty-four patients diagnosed with type two diabetes for at least a year were purposively included in this study. Semi-structured interviews in Afrikaans, English, Sotho and Xhosa were conducted. Data analysis was through inductive reasoning and thematic analysis.Results: The majority of the respondents were older women having been diagnosed with diabetes for more than 5 years, with at least primary school education and of diverse South African ethnicities. The main prompting questions operationalised the term 'perception', probing their feelings, experiences and knowledge of health-related communication strategies as presented by a variety of information sources. After recording interviews, data were analysed according to themes, categories and sub-categories.Conclusions: The study highlights factors that encourage patients to seek help and foster attitudes of compliance. Practical problems regarding the management of diabetes are underlined. The role of family, as well as the patient­caregiver relationship, in the acceptance and management of the disease is revealed. Societal perception of male symptomology is shown. The study offers information to stakeholders and health care workers for continued successful management of diabetes in communities

Prevalence, pattern and determinants of myths and misconceptions among patients with diabetes mellitus in South West Nigeria

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a disease of public health significance in the world and especially the African region. Aim: To assess the myths and misconceptions about DM among patients with DM who are attending a teaching hospital. Methods: This study involved adults diagnosed of type-2 diabetes who were consecutively recruited from the LAUTECH teaching hospital Diabetic Clinic, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data about sociodemographic data, and questions about aetiology of diabetes, diets, treatment/management and Insulin therapy. All data were entered and analyzed using SPPS. P­value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: 101 subjects with a mean age of 60.61 ± 12.53 years were enrolled for the study. 61% were females, 76% were retirees and 58% were in the 61­80 years age group. The commonest misconception was that "diabetic patients needed a 'special diabetic diet'" ­ 89.1%, followed by "adding sugar to food is prohibited" ­ 73.3%. 51.5% have adequate knowledge of the diabetes mellitus. Patients receiving oral hypoglycemic agents have good knowledge of the disease. Conclusion: A large of Nigerians has various myths and misconceptions about diabetes. Comprehensive health educational programs for Nigerian patients with diabetes must include sessions to identify and address the presence of these prevailing myths and misconceptions

Prevalence and awareness of diabetes in Guinea: findings from a WHO STEPS

Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes, and to assess its awareness and related risk factors among adult Guineans.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1 100 adults (46.6% women) aged 35­64 years from Lower Guinea, during September to December 2009, using the WHO STEPwise approach of surveillance of chronic disease risk factors. Data were collected in three steps: demographic and behavioural risk factors, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements, and fasting blood cholesterol and glucose testing. A multi-stage cluster sample design was applied to generate nationwide representative data.Results: The mean age of all participants was 47.3 years (SD 8.8), similarly in Conakry, rural Lower Guinea and urban Lower Guinea. The prevalence of diabetes was 5.7% (95% CI 4.0­8.1). Among participants with diabetes, only 44.0% were aware of their status. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, determinants of diabetes prevalence were urban residency, male sex, age group 45­64 years, increased waist circumference, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Male sex, rural residency, age group 45­54 years, no formal education, waist circumference, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were independent predictors of screen-detected diabetes.Conclusion: The present study found a high prevalence and low awareness of diabetes, suggesting the need for appropriate actions to strengthen primary healthcare approaches towards non-communicable diseases in Guinea

How to Set Up and Run a Nurse Led Diabetes Clinic in a Resource Poor Country: Focus on South Sudan

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a long term condition which can result in a number of complications and requires support and monitoring by healthcare professionals. Setting up a nurse led diabetes clinic (NLDC) can be an effective and efficient way of delivering this care. This article suggests the resources needed to set this up

Prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors in south-western Uganda

Diabetes mellitus is a major pandemic disease globally with both high morbidity and mortality and a high health cost, especially in developing countries. Hence there is a need to establish its prevalence and risk factors. This article reports on a group of diabetic patients in Sheema district, south-western Uganda. The records of 701 adult diabetic out-patients were reviewed, as well as a cross-sectional study of 100 in-patients (both diabetic and non-diabetic) at Kitagata Hospital, Sheema District, south-western Uganda. Questionnaires were used for data collection and data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. The differences in proportion were tested using the Chi-square test, and p value significance was set at p<0.05. The prevalence of diabetes in the hospital was 2.5%. Type 2 diabetes was the most predominant (79%), having an increased prevalence in those >30 years old; women were mostly affected (60%). There was a strong relationship between diabetes type and age (p<0.001) and gender (p=0.035). Risk factors included family history (74%, p<0.001), smoking (48%, p=0.002), hypertension (45%, p<0.001), and alcohol intake (36%, p=0.795). We conclude that diabetes is common in our hospital population, and major risk factors identified include family history, smoking, and hypertension. Everyone above the age of 35 years with a diabetic relative and/or with hypertension should be routinely screened for diabetes

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Southern Free State

Background: A worldwide increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported and an even further increase is expected as a result of lifestyle changes. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of DM in the rural southern Free State and to investigate the contribution of risk factors such as age; physical activity; body mass index (BMI); waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference to the development of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or DM. Methods: Fasting venous plasma glucose (FVPG) levels were obtained from a total of 552 participants from Springfontein (n = 195); Trompsburg (n = 162) and Philippolis (n = 180). Participants were between 25 and 64 years of age; with 28.1male (mean age 47.3 years) and 71.9female (mean age 46 years). Anthropometric status was determined using standardised techniques. Levels of physical activity were determined using a 24-hour recall of physical activity as well as frequency of performing certain activities. Relative risks (RR) as well as 95confidence intervals (95CI) were used to distinguish significant risk factors for having IFG or DM. Results: In the study population the prevalence of DM was 7.6(5.2in men and 8.6in women) and that of IFG was 6.3(4.5in men and 7.1in women). The majority of nondiabetic (34); IFG (55) and DM (61) participants were between the ages of 51 and 60 years. Age was found to be a statistically significant risk factor for having IFG or DM in participants older than 40 years of age (RR 2.3; 95CI [1.22; 4.34]). Crude measurements (not age- and gender-adjusted) of waist circumference (RR 3.23; 95CI [1.82; 5.74]); BMI (RR 2.32; 95CI [1.43; 3.78]) and waist-to-hip ratio (RR 2.51; 95CI [1.55; 4.07]) were statistically significant risk factors for having IFG or DM. Physical inactivity in men . 40 years was also a statistically significant risk factor (RR 3.23; 95CI [1.15; 9.05]) for having IFG or DM. Conclusions: In this study; 37.5of diabetics were newly discovered. A high waist circumference; BMI and waist-to-hip-ratio were associated with an increased risk for developing IFG or DM; with a high waist circumference being the most significant general risk factor. Physically inactive men (. 40 years) were also at a higher risk of having IFG or DM. Follow-up FVPG and glucose tolerance tests should be performed on participants in the IFG group. A need for intervention regarding the identification and treatment of DM in these rural areas has been identified

Prevalence of Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus in A Non-Diabetic Population in Jos; Nigeria

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is assuming epidemic proportions worldwide; but probably more so in the developing world. Identification of risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a necessary step in planning prevention programmes for diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of risk factors for type 2 DM among inhabitants of Jos; a northern city on the Nigerian Plateau. Method: A district in central Jos was randomly picked. Census of the district was carried out to record the names of all eligible residents from 250 households selected systematically. A questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers. Socio-demographic data; family history of diabetes; and data on work related physical activity were recorded. Height; weight and waist and hip circumferences were also measured. BMI (kg/m2) and waist-hip ration were calculated. Results: Of 902 subjects (? 15years of age); 825 (91.5) responded. The mean (SD) age of 400 males and 422 females were respectively 36.4 (15.2) and 39.9 (17.3) years. About 50of the respondents were inactive. 435 (52.7) were currently taking alcohol. Twenty nine (3.5) of the subjects admitted to parental history of DM. 177 (21.4) were either overweight or obese. 32of males and 86of females had abnormal waist circumferences (WCE). 96 (23.8) males and 316 (74.9) females had abnormal WHR. BMI correlated strongly and significantly with WHR (r = 0.64; p 0.001) and WCE (r Conclusion: Inactivity; alcohol usage and excess weight appear to be dominant risk factors for development of type 2 DM in this group of upland Nigerians

Prevalence of Diabetes in a Semi-Urban Community in Northern Nigeria

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health problem both in developing and developed nations. The prevalence of diabetes globally is projected to rise from 2.8in 2000 to 4.4in 2030.This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of diabetes in Dakace village; near Zaria Method: This study was part of a larger study to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in Dakace village; near Zaria. Out of a total of 492 eligible respondents for the study; a subsample of 199 persons was recruited using a systematic sampling technique had their fasting blood glucose levels determined. Body mass indices of the participants were also determined. Results: A total of 199 subjects (94 males and 105 females) participated in this segment of the study. Three subjects had fasting blood glucose (FBG) of more than 7.0mmol/L; one participant a previously known diabetic on medication had a good glycaemic control. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 2.0.Five participants (2.5) had impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Among the diabetics; one was overweight (BMI= 27.43Kg/m2) and one was obese (BMI=31.55Kg/m2); while among those with impaired fasting glucose two were overweight. Fortythree subjects (21.6) were overweight and 15 (7.5) were obese. Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in this semi-urban community is keeping with what had been reported earlier from across the country

Diabete et hyperlidemies en Cote d'Ivoire

Notre travail est une etude transversale menee sur une periode de douze ans (1986-1997) et relatif a l'association Diabete et hyperlipidemies en Cote d'ivoire. Il a concerne 1264 diabetiques regulierement suivis a la consultation d'Endocrinologie et Maladies Metaboliques du CHU de Treichville. Les resultats sont les suivants. Sur le plan epidemiologique : prevalence de l'association diabetehyperlydemies : 33 pour cent avec 38;1 pour cent d'hypercholesterolemie pure; 41 pour cent d'hypertriglyceridemie et 20;9 pour cent d'hyperlipidemie mixte; la tranche d'age 45-60 ans est la plus atteinte (61;6 pour cent); la morbidite est sensiblement la meme chez l'homme (51;2 pour cent) et la femme (38;8 pour cent); les patients de niveau socio-economique bas predominent (53 pour cent); le groupe ethno-culturel Kwa (Akan) est apparemment le plus touche; sans doute en raison de sa predominance dans la population Ivoirienne. Sur le plan bioclinique : Le DNID predomine avec 83;7 pour cent et l'hyperglycemie chronique est en correlation avec l'hyperlipidemie chez le diabetique; -baisse du HDL-cholesterol dans 26 pour cent des cas et elevation du LDL-cholesterol dans 38;2 pour cent des cas. Sur le plan evolutif : Les complications infectieuses urinaires ont une correlation avec le statuts lipidique et le diabetique hyperlipidemique semble faire plus de coronaropathie que le non hyperlipidemique. Repartition des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire associes : 68;6 pour cent d'UTA; 43;2 pour cent d'obesite et 18 pour cent d'hyperuricemie. Sur le plan therapeutique : Le regime hypolipidique predomine (75;8 pour cent). Il est d'autant plus favorable qu'il s'agit d'un cas d'hypercholesterolemie pure (66;7 pour cent); la qualite de l'observance du traitement est d'autant plus mauvaise qu'il s'agit d'un patient de niveau socio-economique bas; en raison de son faible pouvoir d'achat (76;8 pour cent). L'association Diabete et hyperlipidemies; relativement frequente; vient alourdir les mesures de prise en charge deja difficiles et couteuses des diabetiques en cote d'Ivoire