Isolation and Identification of E-Coli 0157:H7 amongst Sudanese Patients with Bloody Diarrhea and in Animals

E.coli 0157:H7 is present as a commensal in the intestine of animals and as a pathogen in human beings. It causes bloody diarrhoea due to the secretion of a verotoxin which may lead to lethal complications. Objective: This study is aimed at determining the presence of this organism in animals and patients. Methods: Rectal swabs were collected from 250 cows. Stool specimens were obtained from 200 patients presenting with macroscopically or microscopically bloody diarrhoea. All specimens were cultured on sorbitol MacConkey agar and incubated at 37oC overnight. Non-sorbitol fermenting colonies were identified by different biochemical and serological tests as E.coli 0157:H7. Antibiotic sensitivity was done for the isolates using ampicillin; cephalexin; ciprofloxacin; co-trimoxazole; gentamicin; and tetracycline. Results: Patients (n = 10; 5) with bloody diarrhoea were found to harbour E.coli 0157:H7 in their stools. All isolates (in humans) were resistant to ampicillin. Eight (80) were resistant to tetracycline and cephalexin; six (60) to co-trimoxazole; and four (40) to gentamicin. All isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Sixty percent of the human isolates were resistant to three antibiotics and 40to four antibiotics. Twenty of the cows (8) were found to be carriers of E.coli 0157:H7. All isolates (in animals) were resistant to ampicillin; five (25) to tetracycline and cephalexin and four (20) to co-trimoxazole. All animal isolates were sensitive to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Thirty five percent of the animal isolates were resistant to two antibiotics and 25to three antibiotics. Conclusion: The isolation of E.coli 0157:H7 from animals and patients should direct the attention of physicians and paediatricians to consider the possibility of infection and complications by this organism

Sensibilite aux antibiotiques d'Escherichia coli en milieu hospitalier : a propos de 1468 couches isolees au Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire de Cotonou

La frequence de la resistance d'Escherichia coli a l'Ampicilline et la gravite de ces infections en milieu hospitalier soulignent la necessite pour le traitement de premiere intention: de limiter la prescription de l'Ampicilline dans ces affections; d'utiliser volontiers une Cephalosporine de 2e ou 3e generation ou un Aminoside (si l'etat renal le permet); ou un Quinolone de premiere generation (s'il n'existe pas de contre indications) dans les infections legeres ou extra-hospitalieres; une Cephalosporine de 3e generation associee a un Aminoside; ou un Quinolone de 3e generation en cas d'infections hospitalieres graves

Antibiotic susceptibility of escherichia coli isolates from inpatients with urinary tract infections in hospitals in Addis Ababa and Stockholm

A high level of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria has been detected at the Tikur Anbessa Hospital (TAH), Addis Ababa, for many years. In contrast, at the Karolinska Hospital (KH), Stockholm, the level of resistance is low. Reported are the results of an investigation of the correlation between antibiotic usage and the antimicrobial resistance rates of Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections in these hospitals. At TAH the strains of E. coli isolated were considerably more resistant to all seven antibiotics tested. The level of multiresistance was 63% at TAH and 7% at KH. There were no significant differences in the total amount of antibiotics used in the two hospitals, except for antituberculosis agents. The strain biotypes and antibiograms, together with the length of patients' hospitalization before a positive urine culture was obtained, suggest that the majority of the strains from TAH were of nosocomial origin