Clinical and autofluorescence findings in eyes with pinguecula and pterygium

Purpose: To assess the autofluorescence size and properties of pterygium and pinguecula by anterior segment autofluorescence (AS-AF) imaging and demonstrate the difference of autofluorescence size presented in AS-AF imaging compared to the extend size of the conjunctival lesion measured by anterior segment slit-lamp photography (AS-SLE). Methods: Twenty-five patients with primary pterygium and twenty-five with pinguecula were included in the study. In addition, 25 normal subjects were also enrolled as the control group. The AS-AF characteristics of pterygium and pinguecula lesions were analyzed. The size of lesions displayed in the AS-SLE photography versus the AS-AF images were also compared. AS-AF images were obtained using a Heidelberg retina angiograph which focused on the anterior segment. AS-SLE photography was acquired using a digital imaging system (BX900 HAAG STREIT). Results: There were 44 (58.7%) male and 31 (41.3%) female patients; 19 (76%) and 20 (80%) patients had bilateral pterygium and pinguecula, respectively. All pinguecula lesions reflected hyperautofluorescence pattern in the AS-AF imaging. In 24 (96%) patients, the hyperautofluoresecence pattern was larger than the size of the clinical lesions displayed with the AS-SLE photography. Twenty-one (84%) patients with pterygium reflected a hyperautofluorescence pattern in AS-AF images; in one (4%) patient, the hyperautofluorescence pattern was larger than the clinical lesion size and four (16%) patients had no autofluorescence patterns in the AS-AF images. In the control group, in 14 (56%) subjects, a hypoautofluorescent pattern was revealed in the conjunctiva in AS-AF images. However, in 11 (44%) patients, hyperautofluorescence patterns were detected. Conclusion: AS-AF is a useful modality to monitor vascularization in conjunctival lesions. Pingueculae and pterygium show hyperautofluorescence in AS-AF imaging. The real size of the pinguecula lesions may be estimated with AS-AF characteristics, mostly presenting larger than the area size in AS-SLE photography. The autofluorescence size of the pterygium is smaller than the extent of visible pterygium in slit-lamp photography.

Ocular Morbidity in Sokoto State; Nigeria

Background: There is a paucity of population-based data on ocular morbidity globally. The objectives of the current study were to estimate the prevalence and magnitude of eye disorders and to determine the ophthalmic subspecialty requirements for the population of Sokoto state; Nigeria. The information generated may provide baseline data for planning of a comprehensive eye health services in the state. Materials and Methods: During an all-ages population based blindness survey in December 2005; persons selected through a multi-stage random sampling were examined for any ocular disorder using a magnifying loupe; penlight and a direct ophthalmoscope. Data was entered and analyzed by a statistician. Statistical tests were carried out using Epi info 6 software (Centre for disease control [CDC] Atlanta; Georgia). Results: A total of 4848 persons were examined which gave a response rate of 91. A total of 943 persons of the sample had an eye disorder in at least 1 eye; giving an ocular morbidity prevalence of 19. Children aged 0-9 years constituted the highest proportion (37.5) of the examined subjects. About 57 of the study population were males. Disorders affecting the lens (9.34) were the most common followed by conjunctival lesions (5.49). The most common diagnosis was lens opacity (8.1) followed by conjunctivitis (5.2). The most common subspecialty requirements in the population are cataract microsurgery (41.7); and cornea/anterior segment (33). Conclusion: Our data demonstrates high burden of ocular diseases most of which are either preventable or treatable in the study population. We recommend provision of human resource and technology requirements to meet these demands

Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositivity among Eye Surgical Patients at a Rural Eye Care Facility in South-Eastern Nigeria

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency infection among patients who underwent surgery at a rural eye care facility in southeastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients who had undergone surgery and a pre-operative Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) test; between August 2008 and July 2009 at the Eye unit of the Presbyterian Joint Hospital; Ohaozara; Ebonyi State; Nigeria. Data were analyzed for age; sex; type of surgery and HIV status. Frequency; percentage and 95confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with univariate analysis and the parametric method. Results: A total of 380 cases were reviewed comprised of 228 males and 152 females (M:F= 1.5:1).The mean age of the cohort is 56 years (range; 4 years to 91 years). Fourteen patients (3.7; 95confidence interval 1.8 - 5.6) were HIV positive. Conclusion: A high HIV sero-prevalence was reported in our study. Infection-control precautionary measures are indicated to minimize risk of HIV transmission to ophthalmic surgeons and allied health-workers

Eye Complications of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Part 1. Ocular Surface and Anterior Segment Manifestations

N.A.

Causes of removal of the eye in Mulago Hospital

During the period January 1987-December 1991; 248 patients were studied and 350 eyes removed. Two patients had both eyes removed. Out of the 348 patients; 236 or 67.82were males and 112 or 32.18were females. Of the 350 eyes removed in the 5 year period; 170 were enucleated and 169 were evicerated. Exenteration was done in 11 cases for malignant tumours. Trauma was the commonest cause of eye removal (35.43); followed by ocular infection; (21.14) and then malignant tumours; (18.8). Retinoblastoma was the commonest tumour encountered. The age group 0-9 years had the largest number of patients at 23.56. All the patients were of African origin; and the local ethnic group; Ganda; were the majority. The largest number of patients were peasants

Profil des affections oculaires en milieu hospitalier au Congo

Les auteurs exposent les motifs de consultation et le profil des principales affections observees dans le service d'ophtalmologie du Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville de 1981 a 1989. Les principaux motifs de consultation sont representes par les inflammations de la region oculaire 30 pour cent; les vices de refraction 31 pour cent; les douleurs et les genes oculaires 22 pour cent; les traumatismes oculaires 8 pour cent; la fatigue visuelle 2 pour cent; le larmoiement 2 pour cent et les autres affections 5 pour cent. Les causes des maladies oculaires peuvent etre reparties de la maniere suivante: vice de refraction 31;1 pour cent; conjonctivites 17;1 pour cent; inflammations de l'oeil 11;8 pour cent; cataractes 9;3 pour cent; nevrites optiques et retinites 3;6 pour cent; glaucomes 3 pour cent; le pterygion 2;4 pour cent; atteintes corneennes 2;2 pour cent; les autres maladies de la retinite et du nerf optique 1;8 pour cent. L'analyse des resultats montre qu'environ 60 pour cent des activites pourraient etre assumees au niveau des centres primaires ou secondaires de sante. Cet encombrement du service universitaire ne lui permet pas de repondre pleinement a sa vocation de formation et de recherche. Les auteurs soulignent l'interet dans le stade actuel du developpement socio-economique de dynamiser et organiser la decentralisation des centres tertiaires; de la formation des Ophtalmologues et de concevoir un programme national de depistage et de traitement des principales maladies cecitantes