The Assessment of Gastric Antral Wall Thickness in Helicobacter pylori Gastritis by Abdominal Ultrasonography, Case-Control Study (2016-2018)

Abdominal ultrasonography is effective in the visualization of gastric wall layers and measuring its thickness. The study aimed to assess gastric antral wall thickness in patients with H. pylori gastritis by abdominal ultrasonography and to study its predictive value in detecting H. pylori gastritis.

Functional Dyspepsia - An Updated Review

Functional dyspepsia (FD) refers to upper abdominal symptoms like upper abdominal or retrosternal pain or discomfort; heart burn; nausea; etc. The symptoms are common; but often poorly understood and mistaken for conditions like chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Worldwide; the prevalence of dyspepsia is about 20-30 [1]. In the department of internal medicine at the Ruhengeri hospital; there have been 16.4 outpatient cases and 16.1 cases of admissions (Jan-June-2014). A high number of cases would be in other hospitals as well. The causes postulated are the increased production of acid; visceral hypersensitivity; H. pylori infection; emotional stress; reduced immunity; etc. The diagnosis is based on exclusion of organic causes for similar symptoms. The treatment is mainly with lifestyle modifications; and the pharmacological therapy consists of antacids; antiflatulents; prokinetic drugs; cytoprotective drugs; and proton pump inhibitors. It can be recommended that greater awareness needs to be generated among physicians regarding FD. They in turn can counsel patients and lay stress on lifestyle and preventive factors to improve this described condition

Intra- and interobserver reproducibility of grading of helicobacter pylori gastritis according to the updated sydney system

Aims. To study the intra- and interobserver reproducibility of Sydney System amongst pathologists in Cameroon as Sydney System gradation has not gained enough confidence in African pathologists. Methods. We performed a descriptive study including 100 patients who benefited from gastric biopsy by endoscopy. These biopsy specimens were stained with hematein and eosin and modified Giemsa; and read independently using the same microscope by two pathologists with four years experience and no experience with the updated Sydney System. Gastritis was graded according to the updated Sydney System. Levels of intra- and interobserver reproducibility were assessed using the unweighted kappa coefficient. Results. The intraobserver reproducibility of gradation of Helicobacter pylori density; activity; chronic inflammation; atrophy; and intestinal metaplasia showed respective values of kappa: 0.63; 0.34; 0.61; 0.48; and 0.82 for one observer against 0.42; 0.005; 0.41; 0.31; and 0.72 for the other. Interobserver reproducibility kappa values were; respectively; 0.41; 0.18; 0.57; 0.58; and 0.82. Conclusion. Results are encouraging but experience in the updated Sydney System should be improved. The later should be introduced as a means to grade and classify gastritis in Cameroon and African countries

Correlation of Serum Anti-Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin A (IGA) with Histological Parameters of Chronic Gastritis in Ibadan; Nigeria

Background: The seroprevalence of anti-H. pylori IgA antibodies has been reported to vary among populations and in relation to strains of Helicobacter pylori bacterium. However; there has been conflicting reports on the association between IgA serological status and the histological variables of chronic gastritis. This study was therefore conducted to clarify this relationship. Method : Using an ELISA based commercial kit; anti-H. pylori IgA antibody tests were performed on 65 dyspeptic patients and 65 age- and ex-matched controls. The gastric biopsies of these patients were also examined histologically for the degrees of inflammation; activity; intestinal metaplasia and atrophy. The CagA status of the patients had been determined previously. Results: There was an anti-H. pylori IgA antibody prevalence of 67.7in dyspeptics and 56.9in non-dyspeptic individuals. No correlations were observed between serum H. pylori IgA antibody and the graded parameters of chronic gastritis in dyspeptic patients; although twice more patients with mild gastric inflammation were found among IgA positive than among IgA negative patients. However; a statistically significant relationship was established between serum IgA positivity and the CagA status of the patients (p = 0.028). Conclusion: The seroprevalence of anti-H. pylori IgA antibody is high in our environment. Serum IgA status may be associated with milder degrees of gastritis in our patients but a larger cohort of patients is needed to confirm this. There seems to be a good agreement between serum IgA and CagA statuses among dyspeptic patients

Frequency of helicobacter pylori in gastroscopic biopsy of Ugandan Africans

A total of 56 patients who presented for gastroscopy from 1993 to 1995 in Mulago Hospital had their gastroscopic biopsy specimens examined for Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori). H. pylori was demonstrated in 14(25) of the patients. There was no sex difference in those with H.pylori infections and the bacteria were only found in those above 22 years of age. Fifty six percent of those with the infection in which ethnicity was mentioned were Nyankole although they formed only 21of the study group. In all positive cases; H. pylori was found in the antrum with accompanying chronic atrophic gastritis

Gastrites et infection a helicobacter pylori a Kinshasa (Zaire)

La prevalence de la gastrite chronique associee a l'infection a H. Pylori est inconnue dans notre milieu. Le but de ce travail est de determiner cette prevalence dans un echantillon de la population zairoise. Tous les patients consultant pour epigastralgies diverses entre le 1er janvier et le 30 juin ont subi une endoscopie digestive haute avec prelevement biopsique pour recherche de H. pylori. 46 patients souffraient d'epigastralgies sans ulcere; 3 avaient un ulcere gastrique et 9 un ulcere duodenal. Une gastrite chronique etait presente dans 82;8 pour cent des cas. L'infection a H. Pylori etait associee a la gastrite chronique dans 68;75 pour cent des cas; a l'ulcere gastrique dans 100 pour cent des cas et a l'ulcere duodenal dans 66;6 pour cent des cas. Au total; la presence de l'infection a H. Pylori etait etroitement en correlation avec l'activite de la gastrite

Toutes les douleurs epigastriques cachent-elles des gastrites?

Les gastrites bien que souvent evoquees aux consultations par les malades et les medecins; ne constituent pas a elles seules les principales causes des douleurs epigastriques. L'endoscopie digestive haute et non pas la radiographie; encore moins la radioscopie; pratiquee dans de bonnes conditions permet dans la quasi totalite des cas de poser le diagnostic exact des gastrites