Guillain- Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection

We are reporting a case of Acute Post-Infectious Flaccid paralysis also commonly known as Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in a patient with confirmed COVID-19 infection. GBS often occurs following an infectious trigger which induces autoimmune reaction causing damage to peripheral nerves. So far, only 8 cases have been described in association with COVID-19. This is the first to be described in Tanzaniain an African Child, and probably the first in the continent. This report is presented for clinicians to be aware and for the medical fraternity to look into this unusual presentation which may shed some more light on possible pathways of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. We recommend that the presentation of GBS with acute respiratory distress should warrant extra precaution and a testing for COVID-19 especially when the symptoms of COVID-19 are protean

The clinical presentation, epidemiology, and short-term outcome of Guillain-Barré syndrome in Tikuranbessa hospital: a 6-year retrospective study

Introduction: Gullian-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute monophasic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy which is characterized by progressive weakness and areflexia. Different antecedent events are associated with GBS and one of those is an anti-rabies vaccine prepared from infected animal brain.Objective: The study goal was to determine epidemiological features of and to describe the clinical and short-term outcomes of Gullian-Barré syndrome.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study with retrospective data collection was done on children admitted with a diagnosis of Gullian-Barré Syndrome from September 2006 to September 2012.Result: 112 children were identified. The male to female ratio was 1.6. All had motor weakness, only one patient (0.9%) had sensory loss, 34(30.3%) had cranial nerve involvement and 37 (32.9%) had dysautonomia. Respiratory involvement which necessitated ventilation was found in 14 (12.5%) of our cases. Antecedent events were recorded in 82 (73.2%) of children and among them; upper respiratory infection (URTI) was the most frequent (43.8%). Of the 15 patients with vaccination antecedents, 7 (6.35%) had received anti-Fermi type rabies vaccine. The GBS subtype distribution among the 31 patients who had electrodiagnostic studies performed was as follows: acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (AIDP) 3 (10%), acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) 24 (80%),acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) 1 (3.3%), and both axonal and demyelinating neuropathy 3 (10%). Complete recovery was noted in 31 (27.7%) patients and there were 9 (8%) deaths.Conclusion: Male preponderance and presence of antecedent illness was observed in the majority of subjects. Acute motor axonal neuropathy was the commonest subtype of Guillain-Barré. Prior anti-Fermi-type rabies vaccine may have been one predisposing factor

A review on the incidence, interaction, and future perspective on Zika Virus

Zika virus(ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. It is a single-stranded positive-sense ribonucleic acid(RNA)virus, has its origin traced to Zika forest in Uganda. Its infection leads to ZIKV fever, characterized by arthralgia, myalgia, rash,conjunctivitis, and asthenia. Clinical presentation of the infection is nonspecific and may often be confused with symptoms of other flaviviral diseases (dengue, West Nile [WN], and chikungunya). Recently, ZIKV has been associated with congenital malformations and neurological complications such as microcephaly and Guillain­Barre' syndrome. The viral tropism revealed an infection of the skin fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and immature dendritic cells through enhanced expression of dendritic cell­specific intracellular adhesion molecule 3­grabbing nonintegrin or anexelecto (Greekword: 'uncontrolled') and tyrosine protein kinase receptor 3 systems. Silencing of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucin domain 1(TIM-1) and AXL RNAs has shown blockage of viral entry through their anti-TIM-1 and anti-AXL antibodies, hence serving as a potential target for ZIKV drug development. Biotechnological approaches targeted toward ZIKV vector control include the development of transgenic mosquitoes to disrupt the genome pool of wild strains and use of an endosymbiotic bacterium to prevent replication of arboviruses within its vector. Other approaches include the use of gene drive and exploration of the genetic redundancy to disrupt the receptors used by the virus to gain entry into its host. It is also imperative to explore the modality through which neutralizing antibodies block this viral infection as this may prove as a potential target to arrest the viral life cycle

Le syndrone de Guillain-Barre en bref

On voit souvent mentionne parmi les effets indesirables de nombreux vaccins ''Sydrome de Guillan-Barre''.De quoi s'agit-il exactement?