ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension is an important worldwide public health challenge because of its high prevalence and concomitant risks of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. The risk factors for hypertension are well known, and screening, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension have been well researched. However, this knowledge has not been translated into community practice as there remains a huge knowledge gap between the academics, health workers and the communities. There is need for community participation in developing and implementation of health interventions among marginalised communities.Aim: The aim of this project was to improve the community's knowledge about hypertension by positively influencing beliefs and behaviours, leading to improved community hypertension outcomes.Setting: The study was undertaken in Ward 14, a rural area situated south-west of Gwanda District, Matebeleland South Province in Zimbabwe.Methods: We conducted a health services research utilising qualitative methods by using a community-based participatory approach using a cooperative inquiry group.Results: There was improvement in knowledge about awareness and primary prevention of hypertension. Community hypertension care was established through competence training of village health workers (VHWs) and more persons living with hypertension were enrolled into care. Pill pickup rate and treatment compliance improved and the community's confidence in VHWs was restored. Community hypertension screening, treatment registers and health facility referrals were established.Conclusion: The community was empowered; the VHW was established as a key link between the community and the formal health delivery. This was a sustainable form of improving community hypertension health outcomes
Subject(s)
Community Participation , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/prevention & control , Hypertension/therapy , ZimbabweABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus have emerged as the leading non-communicable disease worldwide, thus, the increasing need to continuously explore more and better ways of treating these diseases.Objectives: To carry out a survey of plants used in the treatment of hypertension and Diabetes mellitus in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: Interview was conducted among respondents using semi-structured questionnaires and asking open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.Result: A total of 30 respondents comprising of 60.0% male and 40.0% female with the highest distribution of age range at above 50 years old (50.0%) was reported. Forty (40) medicinal plant species belonging to thirty-one (31) plant families were cited with the Apocynaceae family having the highest number of medicinal plants, followed by Asteraceae. For hypertension, 32 plant species were reported of which the most cited were Allium sativum (4) and Ficus asperifolia (2) while for Diabetes mellitus, 20 plant species were mentioned, of which the most cited were Hunteria umbellata (10) and Vernonia amygdalina (9). Of particular interest in this study were the plants that appeared for both hypertension and Diabetes treatment.Conclusion: This survey has helped to increase available medicinal plants knowledge and documentation in the management of hypertension and Diabetes. However, further work on the pharmacological activity of these plants as well as formulation in proper dosage form is recommended
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Hypertension/therapy , Medicine, Traditional , Nigeria , Plants, Medicinal/therapeutic use , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
HTA, l'une des affections les plus courantes dans les pays en voie de développement est un problème de santé publique. Notre étude est une étude prospective descriptive longitudinale portant sur 91 patients hypertendus vus en consultation sur une période de 2 ans allant de Janvier 2013 à Décembre 2014. AU total, 1130 patients étaient hypertendus soit une prévalence de 39,12%. Une prédominance féminine était observée avec un sex/ratio de 4. La tranche d'âge de 30-59 était la plus représentée avec 80,20%. L'âge moyen a été de 46,57 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 20 à 80 ans. Cette population était constituée majoritairement de patients ayant un faible niveau socioéconomique (61,5%) et provenant de Niamey et ses alentours. On note 41 patients soit 54,9% qui étaient hypertendus connus depuis au moins 1 an et 49,5% avaient l'un des parents hypertendus. Les manifestations cliniques dominantes motivant les consultations sont les palpitations (42,80%), la dyspnée d'effort (29,9%), troubles visuels (16,5%), les céphalées (15,4%). La PA moyenne était de 140 mm Hg pour la systolique et 90 mm Hg pour la diastolique, le Stade II selon la classification de JNC VII 2007 était présent dans 57,2% des cas. Les facteurs de risque associés à l'HTA dans notre étude sont : l'obésité (40,66%), les dyslipidémies (26,37%), l'âge > 65 ans (15,38%), le diabète (9,9%) et la sédentarité (7,69%). On notait 14 patients soit 15,4% des patients ont présenté un retentissement rénal et 56% des atteintes cardiaques. La bithérapie a été utilisée dans 50,5% des cas, mais il faut noter que 10% des patients ont nécessité une quadrithérapie accompagnée toujours des mesures hygiéno-diététiques ce qui nous a permis d'avoir des bons résultats
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/therapy , Niger , Obesity , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Background: Kigali university teaching hospital (KUTH) is one of the referral hospitals that receive patients from all over the country. Hypertension is among others; an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases and a significant public health problem. We investigated the proportion of treated hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure. Objective: To determine the adequacy of blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients and to investigate the burden of other cardiovascular risk factors and related cardiovascular diseases. Methods: From 1st July 2009 to 31st March 2010; 150 patients - after their informed consent to participate in the study - were included in our cross-sectional and descriptive study. We collected data on socio-demographic features; weight and height; cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases. We also investigated the patients' awareness of the disease and their compliance to treatment. Blood pressure values were recorded; as well as the duration of hypertension; the number of antihypertensive drugs used; and the compliance to treatment. Based on the guidelines of the European Society of Hypertension and the JNC-7; BP were considered controlled at a level below 140/90 mm Hg; and in diabetics if the systolic BP 5(sBP) 130 mmHg and the diastolic BP (dBP) 80 mmHg. Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.0; Pearson Chi-Square test; and the Fisher's exact test. The statistical significant difference was considered at p 0.05. Odds Ratio with 95 CI.Results: 150 patients with Hypertension were enrolled; including 56 women and 44 men; sex-ratio (F/M)
Subject(s)
Blood Pressure , Hospitals , Hypertension , Hypertension/therapy , Risk Factors , TeachingABSTRACT
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease; but it is also very prevalent in the community. These two factors combined prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to report that high blood pressure is the first cause of death worldwide.1 The prevalence of hypertension has been estimated to be approximately one in four; and this increases with age to such an extent that almost two-thirds of people over the age of 60 years have hypertension.2
Subject(s)
Aged , Antihypertensive Agents , Blood Pressure , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/therapyABSTRACT
These studies focus on the toxicity leaf hexane extract of A. occidentale L (Anacardiaceae) used in Cameroon traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. Previous findings on antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory have given support to the ethnopharmacological applications of the plant. After acute oral administration; it was found that doses of the extract less than 6 g/kg are not toxic. Signs of toxicity at high doses were asthenia; anorexia; diarrhoea; and syncope. The LD50 of the extract; determined in mice of both sexes after oral administration was 16 g/kg. In the subchronic study; mice received A. occidentale at doses of 6; 10 and 14 g/kg (by oral route) for 56 days. At doses of 2; 6 and 10 g/kg of extract; repeated oral administration to mice produced a reduction in food intake; weight gain; and behavioural effects. Liver or the kidney function tests were assessed by determining serum parameters like; creatinine; transaminases; and urea. All these parameters were significantly (p0.01) abnormal. Histopatological studies revealed evidence of microcopic lesions either in the liver or in the kidney which may be correlated with biochemical disturbances. We conclude that toxic effects of A. occidentale L hexane leaf extract occurred at higher doses than those used in Cameroon folk medicine
Subject(s)
Anacardium/toxicity , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Hexanes , Hypertension/therapy , Plant ExtractsABSTRACT
These studies focus on the toxicity leaf hexane extract of A. occidentale L (Anacardiaceae) used in Cameroon traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. Previous findings on antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory have given support to the ethnopharmacological applications of the plant. After acute oral administration; it was found that doses of the extract less than 6 g/kg are not toxic. Signs of toxicity at high doses were asthenia; anorexia; diarrhoea; and syncope. The LD50 of the extract; determined in mice of both sexes after oral administration was 16 g/kg. In the subchronic study; mice received A. occidentale at doses of 6; 10 and 14 g/kg (by oral route) for 56 days. At doses of 2; 6 and 10 g/kg of extract; repeated oral administration to mice produced a reduction in food intake; weight gain; and behavioural effects. Liver or the kidney function tests were assessed by determining serum parameters like; creatinine; transaminases; and urea. All these parameters were significantly (p0.01) abnormal. Histopatological studies revealed evidence of microcopic lesions either in the liver or in the kidney which may be correlated with biochemical disturbances. We conclude that toxic effects of A. occidentale L hexane leaf extract occurred at higher doses than those used in Cameroon folk medicine
Subject(s)
Anacardium/toxicity , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Hexanes , Hypertension/therapy , Plant ExtractsABSTRACT
Zimbabwe has made great strides in the development of a national health care system to provide care to all of its citizens. It has embarked on an extensive program to provide access to basic health services to the entire population. The Government of Zimbabwe established a Health Manpower Department within the Ministry of Health to facilitate the attainment of its health objectives in the most cost effective and efficient manner. The result is a commitment to an increase in all health services with an accompanied need not only for more manpower; and productivity in all existing disciplines; but also for the development of new essential specialties. Over the last few years there has been increased awareness of the devastating consequences that occur as a result of untreated or undiagonosed hypertension. Major sequelae that occur with hypertension include cerebral vascular accident; hypertensive cardiovascular disease; and renal failure. Appropriately; special emphasis has been placed on detection and treatment of hypertension so as to prevent the morbidity and mortality of this disease. The Health Department Institute (HDI); established in 1984; provides health care training; health risk management; hepertension screening; prevention education; and medical treatment for many in the greater Los Angeles area. HDI; and its affiliated companies; manage both hospital based hemodialysis units and free-standing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis units. HDI trains patent care technicians and nurses to provide care at these facilities; and participates in curriculm development and training of medical students and physicians at university based hypertension/renal training programs. [abstract terminated]