ABSTRACT
Purpose: Extracts of Picralima nitida seeds; Detarium microcarpum stem bark; Aframomum melagueta seeds; Terminalia catappa leaves; Acacia nilotica pods; and Morinda lucida stem bark; are under consideration for development into suitable dosage forms for treating diabetes mellitus; sickle cell anemia and malaria. This study aimed at evaluating the extracts for features that would influence decisions on them in the course of the project. Methods: Physicochemical determinations; including proximate analysis; were done by sensory examination; and gravimetric and electrochemical techniques. Thin layer chromatography was carried out with normal silica plates using various solvent systems. Metallic content analyses were carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: The extracts were dry but hygroscopic; with a loss on drying range of 0.26 - 12.00w/w. The pH of the 5 - 10solutions ranged 5 - 7. No harsh sensory effects; such as lacrimation; were detected in any of the extracts. Total ash ranged from 3.79 - 20.68w/w; while acid insoluble ash values were below detection. The extracts yielded reproducible chromatograms on normal silica plates developed with various solvent systems. Copper; present at 0.16 - 0.58 mg/100g; was the lowest occurring microelement while calcium content was highest; at 41 - 216 mg/100g. The level of lead; a heavy metal; was 0.05 - 0.22 mg/100g. Conclusion: The results confirm that the extracts require no special handling; possess characteristics that would allow their possible development into solid dosage forms; and that their lead contents complied with official limits
Subject(s)
Acacia , Morinda , Plant Extracts , Plants , Terminalia , ZingiberaceaeABSTRACT
Purpose: The objective of the study was to investigate the ethyl acetate extract of Morindamorindoides (Baker) Milne-Redh (Rubiaceae) (MM-EA) properties against experimental diarrheoa induced by castor oil in albino Wistar rats. Methods: The ethyl acetate extract of Morinda morindoides (250; 500; and 1000 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to three groups of rats (five animals per group) in order to evaluate the activity of the extract against castor oil-induced diarrhea model in rat. Two other groups received normal saline (5mg/kg) and loperamide (5mg/kg) as positive control. The effect of the extract on intestinal transit and castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) was assessed. Results: At oral doses of 250; 500; and 1000 mg/kg body weight; the plant extract showed pronounced and dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity. The protective role of the extract at 1000 mg/kg was comparable to that of the reference drug; loperamide (5mg/kg). The extract (1000 mg/kg) produced a decrease in intestinal transit comparable to atropine (5mg/kg); and significantly (p0.01) inhibited castor oil-induced enteropooling. No mortality and visible signs of general weakness were observed in the rats following the extract administration of up to a dose of 6000 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results showed that the extract of M. morindoides has a significant antidiarrheal activity which supports its use in traditional herbal medicine practice
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Transit , MorindaABSTRACT
Ce travail a ete realise dans le but d'evaluer l'activite inhibitrice de falciformation in vitro des extraits de deux plantes couramment utilisees dans le traitement de la drepano- cytose au Togo :Morinda lucida et Newbouldia leavis. Lorsque les hematies sont incubees en presence des extraits vegetaux et du metabisulfite de sodium a 2; on note une diminution concentration- dependante du taux de falciformation par rapport au sang temoin qui a ete incube en presence de NaCl a 0;9a la place des extraits. Morinda a montre un taux d'inhibition de 17;30a la concentration de 1 mg/ml et de 92;31a la concentration de 30 mg/ml sur le sang SS. Sur le sang AS; a la concentration de 1 mg/ml de cet extrait; l'inhibition est de 48;10et 99;34pour 30 mg/ml. Avec N. leavis on a obtenu une inhibition de 15;66a 1 mg/ml et 90;42a 30 mg/ml sur le sang SS. Sur le sangAS cette inhibition est de 64;03pour 1 mg/ml et 99;02pour 30 mg/ml. Ce protocole semble approprie pour travailler aussi bien avec le sang AS qu'avec le sang SS car les effets compares de chacun des extraits sur la falciformation du sang AS et SS ont donne un coefficient de correlation de Pearson qui est de 0;92 pour Newbouldia et de 0;89 pour Morinda. Nos resultats montrent que ces deux plantes ont un effet anti-falciformant evident in vitro et soutiennent l'interet de leur usage en medecine traditionnelle