Prevalence of multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from selected residential sewages in Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria

The global surge in Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria is an issue of great concern. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been implicated in several nosocomial infections, where it has caused grave complications in immunocompromised patients. This is the first study to report the prevalence of MDR P. aeruginosa isolated from residential sewage in Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria. Pseudomonads count, isolation, biochemical characterization and antibiogram were carried out using standard microbiological procedures. This study examined sixty (60) samples from selected residential sewage in the study site collected at different intervals between July and September 2021. A total of 40 (66.7%) P. aeruginosa were isolated from the analyzed sewage samples. The highest (2.84x104) pseudomonad count was recorded from sewage samples collected from Kadangaru. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from this sample site showed the highest (100%) resistance to cephalosporins (cefuroxime) and nitrofurantoin. Similarly, isolates from Miami area also demonstrated the highest (95%) resistance to a cephalosporin (ceftazidime). All (100%) isolates used in this study showed MDR resistance to tested antibiotics. The occurrence of MDR P. aeruginosa from a residential sewage site that may contaminate drinking water sources in the study area is of public health threat to the inhabitants. Surveillance and molecular epidemiology of antibiotics resistant bacteria are urgently needed in the study area.

Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance in pathogens Isolated in Mulago Hospital in 1998 and 2000

This study analysed the antimicrobial resistance distribution of Staphylococcus; Enterobacteria; Haemophillus and Pseudomonas isolated from the common service departments in Mulago Hospital; over periods of 1998 and 2000. The Standard Errors (se) of two proportions (resistance) and 95Confidence Interval (CI) for the difference between two proportions were used as statistical tests for determining whether there were changes being experienced over the study period. The analysed agents such as Methicillin; Etythromycine and Ceftazidime did not change in resistance point prevalence mechanisms that do not modify or attack them. While Augumentin; Sodium Cefuroxime; Chloramphenicol; Ciprofoxacin; Gentamicin; Tetracycline and Nitrofurantoin showed icnreased resistance prevalence (P0.05 possibly because of being overused or modified by many resistance mechanisms; high rates of resistance were seen in Enterobacteria (67); Staphylococcus (62) and haemophilus (50). Antipseudomonal agents did not show change in resistance prevalence (P0.05). Departmental/ward distribution of resistant isolates did not also change; except in Emergency and Outpatient departments since bacterial ecology tends to keep constant unless contronted by high level of infection control practice