Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et prise en charge de sténose urétrale chez l'adulte dans un Hôpital de District de Ngaoundéré, Cameroun

Introduction: l'objectif était de déterminer les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et prise en charge de la sténose de l'urètre à l'Hôpital Protestant de Ngaoundéré (HPN).Méthodes: une étude rétrospective a été conduite, basée sur la revue des dossiers des patients hospitalisés pour sténose urétrale dans l'unité urologique de l'HPN, d'une période d'un an (janvier 2013 à janvier 2014). Seuls les dossiers complets étaient inclus.Résultats: 57 patients ont été retenus sur les 69 dossiers enregistrés dont tous était de sexe masculin. L'âge moyen était 52,6 ans (19 ans à 85 ans). La tranche d'âge la plus représentée était celle de 41 à 60 ans. La sténose urétrale représentait 0,6% des consultations externes, 11,36 % des hospitalisations en chirurgie, et 6,96% des interventions chirurgicales dans cette structure sanitaire. La dysurie (70, 17%) était le principal motif de consultation. Les étiologies étaient d'origines infectieuses (52,63%), traumatiques (26,32%) et iatrogènes (21,05%). L'ECBU réalisé sur tous les patients a permis d'isoler les gonocoques (14,03%) et Escherichia coli (21,05%), le reste de culture était stérile (64,91%). L'Uretro-Cystographie Rétrograde (UCR) a été réalisée sur 28 patients (49,12%), dont 26 cas était des rétrécissements antérieurs (92,85%). L'Urétrotomie Interne Endoscopique (UTI) était le geste chirurgical le plus réalisé (58%). La sténose était le plus souvent localisée au niveau des régions bulbaires et péno-bulbaires. Le taux de guérison était de 87,73% contre 12,27% de récidives.Conclusion: la sténose urétrale est fréquente en Urologie de l'HPN mais les patients consultent souvent en stade compliqué. L'urétrotomie interne endoscopique a montré des résultats plausibles

L'urethrorraphie terminoterminale dans le traitement des retrecissements de l' uretre bulbaire et membraneux

Objectifs: Evaluer les resultats de d'uretrorraphie termino-terminale dans le traitement des stenoses de l'uretre bulbaire et membraneux a travers l'etude de la serie de notre service et une revue recente de la litteraturePatients et methodes: Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective basee sur la revue des dossiers medicaux des patients ayant beneficies d'une Uretrorraphie Termino-Terminale (UTT) dans notre formation entre Fevrier 2006 et Fevrier 2010. La moyenne d'age des patients etait de38; 3 ans. L'etiologie du retrecissement uretral etait infectieuse et traumatique respectivement dans 40et 60des cas. Chez 68d'entre eux; le retrecissement uretral etait localise au niveau bulbaire et chez 32au niveau membraneux. Tous les patients avaient une stenoseunique inferieure a 2 cm a l'uretro-cystographie retrograde et mictionnelle.Resultats: La duree moyenne de suivi etait de 28 mois. Le taux de succes de l'uretrorraphie termino-terminale dans notre etude etait de 88. 12des patients avaient presente une recidive de la stenose. Tow patients (8) ayant une stenose bulbaire avaient rapporte des troubles ejaculatoires. Aucun de nos patients (0) n'avait presente ni dysfonction erectile ni incontinence suite a cette intervention.Conclusion: L'uretroplastie anastomotique termino-terminale permet des taux eleves de repermeabilisation uretrale apres une premiere procedure. Le taux de recidive de la stenose reste faible comparativement aux autres techniques chirurgicales. Les troubles ejaculatoires peuvent etre prevenus par une dissection minutieuse et une restitution anatomique des muscles bulbo-caverneux

Urethral Stricture and HIV: Unusual Presentations and Treatment Challenge

Objective: The clinico-pathologic features of urethral stricture in patients with HIV/AIDS are not yet clearly described in the literature. HIV/AIDS has changed the natural course and clinical features of most infectious diseases. We describe some of the features of post-inflammatory strictures associated with HIV Infection and assess the treatment challenges and outcomes of other causes of urethral stricture. Patients and Methods: Consecutive men with urethral stricture who presented to the University Hospital of Gondar; North-West Ethiopia were enrolled. The HIV status; cause of the stricture; type of treatment and outcome were recorded. Results: There were 25 post-traumatic and 15 post-gonococcal urethral strictures. All posttraumatic and 5 of the post-gonococcal urethral stricture patients were HIV negative. All 10 HIV positive patients had longer and denser urethral strictures than expected. The time between gonococcal infection and urethral stricture development was 3-5 years in HIV positive patients. The treatment of post-traumatic stricture included progressive perineal anastomotic urethroplasty and a good outcome was seen in more than 95. However; the surgical treatment of patients with HIV infection was a challenge. Conclusion: If post-inflammatory urethral stricture occurs in a young man where the time between known gonococcal infection and development of stricture is short (less than 5 years); HIV coinfection is most likely. The stricture in these patients will be longer and denser and not amenable to conventional endoscopic urethrotomy

Posterior urethral valves in childhood : experience in a center with scarce facilities

Objective: Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are the most common congenital causes of lower urinary tract obstruction in male children; but few cases have been reported from Nigeria. In this study we describe our 7-year experience of management of PUV in children in order to increase the awareness of this condition in our environment. Patients and Methods : This is a report of 41 consecutive children with PUV who were managed at the Jos University Teaching Hospitals (JUTH); Jos; Nigeria; from June 2000 to April 2006. Their age at presentation ranged from 2 days to 15 years (mean: 2.5 years). The relevant clinical; laboratory and radiological data were entered into a database and analyzed.Results: Twenty-eight patients presented with a condition highly suspicious of PUV; while 7 patients presented with other urological conditions. Six patients presented with non-urological symptoms which caused a delay in diagnosis and institution of treatment. Voiding cystourethrography was diagnostic in all cases. In the majority of patients (n=31); management consisted of transurethral balloon avulsion of the valves yielding a satisfactory outcome in over 80. Conclusion : Although this study was restricted to one hospital; there appears to be a high incidence of PUV in children in North Central Nigeria. An increased awareness of varied clinical features; a high index of suspicion and simple conservative treatment by balloon avulsion of PUV would improve the outcome.of the patients. Urethral stricture was the main complication (which responded to serial dilatation) and occurred in 3 patients. The postoperative mortality rate was 2.6

Buccal mucosa urethroplasty for bulbar urethral strictures

Objectives: Urethroplasty with the buccal mucosa graft is an excellent option for the treatment of urethral stricture disease. The authors report their 10-year experience with buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty by the dorsal and ventral approach. Patients and Methods: From June 1994 to May 2003; 67 patients with bulbar urethral stricture underwent buccal mucosa urethroplasty. A free graft of buccal mucosa was used as an onlay; ten patients were operated by the ventral approach and the remaining 57 by the dorsal approach. After the bulbar urethra is exposed; we perform a dorsal endoscopic cold knife urethrotomy until the urethra is fully opened. After measurement of the defect; the graft is harvested from the lower lip and sutured to the urethra and to the corpora cavernosa. A transurethral grooved catheter and suprapubic drainage are left for 7 and 14 days; respectively. Results: The median follow-up was 58 months (range 12 - 110). Recurrence of the stricture occurred in 4(3/67) of the patients with a recurrence rate of 2/10 (20) and 1/57 (2) for the ventral and dorsal onlay patients; respectively. The overall complication rate was 9/67 (13). Conclusions: Buccal mucosa urethroplasty provides a high long-term success rate for the treatment of bulbar urethral strictures. The dorsal onlay may be superior to the ventral onlay approach