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1.
Ann. afr. méd. (En ligne) ; 12(2): 3220-3228, 2019.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1259065

ABSTRACT

Contexte et objectif. Bien que la lithiase urinaire (LU) constitue un problème mondial majeur de santé publique, les données des pays d'Afrique subsaharienne sont paradoxalement inexistantes. Les objectifs de la présente étude était de décrire le profil épidémiologique de la LU et d'en déterminer la nature chimique. Méthodes. Une étude documentaire des patients avec lithiase urinaire a été conduite entre janvier 2008 et décembre 2016 aux Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa. Les paramètres d'intérêt englobaient les données anthropométriques, socio-démographiques, cliniques et la composition chimique des calculs (n= 45 examinés à l'Hôpital TENON de Paris). Le test de chi-carré de Pearson a été utilisé pour la comparaison des proportions et le test t de student pour les moyennes majorées de l'écart-type. Résultats. Sur les 762 admissions, la LU rendait compte de 14% d'hospitalisations. Le sexe masculin était prépondérant (59% avec sexe ratio H/F de 1,4). La fréquence globale de la LU augmentait avec l'âge jusqu'à la tranche d'âge de 40-59 ans. Le haut appareil était le siège de 85,1% des calculs. La fréquence hospitalière de la LU a augmenté de 6 fois en huit ans. Le grand axe moyen des calculs était de 20,9 ± 16,3 mm et 15,5% des patients présentaient une insuffisance rénale obstructive. La whewellite (oxalate de calcium monohydraté, C1) a été le composant le plus retrouvé. Conclusion. La fréquence de la LU (troisième cause d'hospitalisation) est en progression dans cette institution universitaire. De siège essentiellement rénal, la fréquence de calculs augmente avec l'âge avec un pic après la quarantaine. Ces calculs composés de la whewellite, avec un grand diamètre moyen assez important, sont souvent associés à l'insuffisance rénale, témoignant du caractère tardif de la prise en charge


Subject(s)
Democratic Republic of the Congo , Epidemiology , Urolithiasis
2.
Borno Med. J. (Online) ; 14(1): 63-70, 2017. ilus
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1259658

ABSTRACT

Background: Urolithiasis has been with mankind since ancient time. Although it is more common in the developed world, the pattern of presentation in the developing countries is tending towards that of developed countries. Objectives: To evaluate the pattern of presentations and treatments offered to patients with urolithiasis over the last 2 years at Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Nguru.Materials and Methods: The study is a 2-year retrospective review of patients managed for urolithiasis at FMC Nguru. The patients' bio-data, pattern of presentation and radiological features of the stones, as well as the treatment given to the patients, were reviewed.Results: The records of 55 patients were reviewed; the mean age was 24.1 years with a range of 1.5 to 70years. The male to female ratio was 10:1. The most common presenting symptom was painful micturition in 21 patients (38.18%). The total number of stones extracted was 58, one patient had multiple right renal pelvic calculi, another had bilateral renal pelvic stone and the third patient had bladder and distal ureteric stone. Two patients (3.64%) expelled their calculi while awaiting surgery, the remaining 53 patients (96.36%) had opened surgical treatment. Most of the stones are in the bladder in 29 patients (52%). Twenty-one patients (38.18%) had upper urinary tract stones out of which 13 were in the renal pelvis.Conclusion: Urolithiasis is also common in the developing communities. Despite the changing pattern from lower to the upper tract in developed countries, we found lower tract stone dominating as seen in many underdeveloped. This may be attributable to yet to establish environmental or genetic factors


Subject(s)
Disease Management , Nigeria , Retrospective Studies , Urolithiasis/diagnosis , Urolithiasis/therapy
3.
Med. Afr. noire (En ligne) ; 63(2): 652-656, 2016. ilus
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1266166

ABSTRACT

A travers trois cas cliniques, nous présentons des situations d'errements diagnostiques vers une étiologie digestive, pour des tableaux atypiques de lithiase urinaire. L'objectif est d'amener les cliniciens à penser souvent à la lithiase urinaire devant des douleurs atypiques du flanc. Dans les deux premiers cas, la douleur chronique du flanc droit associée à des troubles du transit avait à un moment donné fait évoquer une appendicite et les patients avaient été appendicectomisés. Mais la douleur récidivait à l'identique en post-opératoire et après plus de 2 ans d'évolution un uroscanner faisait découvrir une lithiase urétérale droite. Le premier patient était asymptomatique depuis l'ablation chirurgicale du calcul, le deuxième était en attente de prise en charge chirurgicale. Dans le troisième cas, la douleur au flanc gauche intense était initialement associée à une diarrhée et à un syndrome inflammatoire biologique, ce qui faisait évoquer une colite infectieuse. Les examens de selle, la coloscopie, l'échographie abdominale puis le scanner abdominal n'avaient pas permis d'identifier l'étiologie. L'évolution était favorable après une expulsion spontanée d'un calcul urinaire cinq jours après le début de la douleur. Ces trois cas cliniques illustrent la nécessité d'une démarche clinique rigoureuse et l'intérêt d'une imagerie bien orientée avant le recours à la chirurgie devant des tableaux atypiques de douleurs du flanc


Subject(s)
Benin , Case Reports , Flank Pain , Gastrointestinal Transit , Urolithiasis
5.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1257471

ABSTRACT

Background. The incidence of paediatric urolithiasis varies according to geographic areas. In Nigeria, there is paucity of literature on urinary stone diseases in childhood. Materials and Methods. In the period between January 1993 and December 2003, 67 Nigerian children with urinary stones were retrospectively reviewed. Results. There were 63 (94.0%) boys and 4 (6.0%) girls. The mean age at presentation was 6.9 years. Thirty one (46.3%) were in the age group less than 5 years. The commonest presenting symptoms were dysuria 42 (62.7%) and abdominal pain in 30 (44.8%). Pulling on the penis is characteristically present in 26 (38.8%) patients. The stones were located in the lower tract in 57 (85.1%) cases. Anatomic obstruction along the urinary tract was responsible for stone formation in 12 (17.9%) patients. Sixteen (23.9%) patients had associated urinary tract infection. All the stones analyzed were mixed and 75% contained urate. In 7 (10.4%) patients the stones were passed spontaneously. Open surgical technique was employed in the remaining 60 patients. There was no death recorded. Post-operative complications occurred in 15 (25.0%) of the operated patients. The commonest complications were wound infection 3 (5.0%) and vesicocutaneous fistula in 3 (5.0%) patients. The average duration of hospital stay was 16.0 days. Conclusion. In our practice lower tract stones are common and congenital urinary tract obstruction is the commonest identifiable cause for stones. The age and sex distribution and chemical composition are in keeping with historic and endemic stones. Early detection and treatment of urinary tract obstruction will further reduce the durden of stones disease


Subject(s)
Nephrostomy, Percutaneous/methods , Nigeria , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Urolithiasis/complications , Urolithiasis/therapy
6.
Non-conventional in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1277850

ABSTRACT

Medicine attaches great importance to the influence of environmental and human health measures recommended to minimize problems related to the environment. One of the oldest diseases mentioned and described by doctors since antiquity is a kidney stone. The diversity of etiological factors involved in the process calculi requires us to undertake the operation of urolithiasis in a rational manner. To this end, we conducted a study on multifactorial urolithiasis in Western Algeria by using Statistica software for processing data collected in the laboratory of the University of STEVA Mostaganem. Of a total of 577 cases of lithiasic studied, 51% corresponded to 40% in men and women, confirming the prevalence of this disease; the study of the distribution by age groups shows that the age groups most affected are between 30 and 44 years with a rate of 41.8%, confirming the early attainment of this population gallstone. The study of crystalluria reveals a high rate of calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate as struvite, and is more abundant in women than in men, which usually leads to crystalluria in a composition of similar calculations with a dominance of calcium oxalate where Whewillite is 24.6% and 12.4% Weddellite. Optimization of environmental parameters allows better identification of the causes of the occurrence of urolithiasis and therefore proper treatment, which is preventive and effective for lithiasis


Subject(s)
Algeria , Calcium Oxalate , Environmental Health , Urinary Calculi , Urolithiasis/therapy
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