Comment réussir l'épreuve de pédiatrie au diplôme d'Etat ? A l'usage des étudiants de 3è année des sciences infirmières

Cet ouvrage regroupe l'essentiel des connaissances que l'étudiant en fin de Cycle des Sciences Infirmières, section Infirmière/Sage-femme, doit savoir en pédiatrie. Il se présente sous forme de situations / problèmes et est centré sur le Plan des soins.

Communication training for centre-based carers of children with severe or profound disabilities in the Western Cape, South Africa

The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary, qualitative review of an approach to training centre-based carers in supporting basic communication development and providing communication opportunities for the children with severe and profound disabilities in their care. In South Africa, these children are often the most neglected in terms of planning and providing appropriate interventions. For those with severe communication disabilities, an additional lack is in the area of the basic human right to meaningful interactions and communication. Sustainable strategies to provide opportunities for basic communication development of these children are urgently sought. Several effective international and local parent training programmes have been developed, but the urgent need remains to train centre-based carers who are taking care of groups of diversely disabled children in severely under-resourced settings. Non-profit organisations (NPOs) have been exploring practical centre-based approaches to skills sharing in physical rehabilitation, activities for daily living, feeding and support for basic communication development. As a freelance speech therapist contracted by four NPOs to implement hands-on training in basic communication for centre-based carers of non-verbal children, the author describes a training approach that evolved over three years, in collaboration with the carers and centre managements. Implications for training (for speech therapists and for community-based rehabilitation workers) and for further research are identified

Survey of teaching, research and conference experiences of paediatric surgical trainees in Nigeria

Aim : To determine the teaching methods used by residents in paediatric surgery in Nigeria and their exposure to research and conferences. Materials and Methods : A structured questionnaire was administered to trainees in paediatric surgery in Nigeria seeking information regarding different teaching methods used; frequency of use; involvement in research and participation in conferences. Results : There were 11 respondents (91.6) of 12 questionnaires that were distributed. All of them were training in accredited teaching hospitals in Nigeria. All of them had been involved in teaching medical students. Ten residents were involved in teaching in wards/bedside two times or more in a week and all were involved in teaching at the clinics. Only one resident used audiovisual aid at least once a week to teach students. Eight trainees used tutorial or seminar group discussion as a teaching tool once a week. Four trainees had not used written essay as a way of teaching students while five had never given students lectures in a classroom before. All the respondents had participated in retrospective research while nine had been involved in prospective research. Nine residents had attended conferences nationally while two had attended international conferences. Six trainees presented a paper or more at national conferences while one presented at an international conference. Conclusion : Trainees in paediatric surgery in Nigeria are significantly involved in the teaching of undergraduate medical students and clinical research. This should be encouraged and further enhanced by motivating the trainees to attend international conferences

A 4-year review of psychiatrists' participation in prosecutorial workshops on criminal capacity

Objective. The objective was to review psychiatric involvement in seven prosecutorial workshops on criminal capacity between 2004 and 2009. The aim was to evaluate the changing role of the psychiatrists in the workshops in order to identify areas in forensic psychiatry where prosecutors have a specific need for training; and to identify more suitable methods of training. Method. The workshop programmes; copies of presentations; the number of attending prosecutors at each workshop; informal personal notes from the presenters; suggestions from meetings in preparation for workshops and formatted feedback reports were reviewed. Information from a total of seven workshops was reviewed and interpreted by 2 psychiatrists from Weskoppies Hospital Forensic Psychiatry Unit (WHFPU). Results. The psychiatrists' involvement increased over the years. Problematic topics that were identified include non-pathological criminal incapacity; child psychiatry and the different roles of the psychiatrist and the psychologist in court. Exposure to practical aspects; interactive workshops with case presentations; discussion groups and audience participation seemed to be the preferred method of training. Attitudes of prosecutors towards psychiatry improved with increased knowledge and understanding of the field; and overall the training was rated as relevant and enriching. Conclusion. Psychiatrists can offer valuable training opportunities to legal professionals about the major mental illnesses and how they can affect criminal capacity; but evaluation of the training should be an ongoing process to address changing needs. Training sessions provide an opportunity for reciprocal sensitisation between the different fields. The ultimate goal is to work towards improved association between the criminal justice and mental health systems

Personality Profile and Coping Resources of Family Medicine Vocational Trainees at the University of Limpopo; South Africa

Background: Doctors are exposed to various stress factors in their personal and family lives; as well as in the workplace. Stress inherent to the responsibilities and challenges of the medical field may become a health hazard and threaten the well-being of the medical practitioner. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate the personality traits and coping resources that contribute to the wellbeing of medical practitioners. A cross-sectional study of 44 out of 45 (98response rate) family medicine vocational trainees at the Medical University of Southern Africa (now known as the University of Limpopo) was conducted. A biographic questionnaire was utilised to obtain specific information regarding the participants. The principal researcher used the Coping Resources Inventory (CRI) questionnaire to assess coping resources; and the 16PF personality analysis (16PF) to establish a personality profile of the participants. Results: The majority of participants (81.8) indicated that they mainly experienced work-related stress. Thirty-two participants (72.72) self-medicated. Fourteen participants (31.81) claimed to experience burn-out and twenty (45.45) reported fatigue. In terms of their coping resources; 24 male participants (54.54) did not cope socially (p . 0.008) and eight (18.18) also did not cope physically (p . 0.024). Conclusions: The medical practitioners had a universal personality profile. They lacked insight regarding the symptoms they were experiencing that warranted management; e.g. depression and anxiety. The medical practitioners in this study did not utilise their social and physical coping resources optimally and reported poor help-seeking behaviour