The Development of Nutritious Low Cost Weaning Food for Kenya Infants

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to develop an inexpensive weaning food of adequate dietary energy; protein and fat; for an infant of four to six months; that can be manufactured in Kenya; using readily available resources and technology. Product formulation was developed by using low cost; readily available and culturally acceptable food products. A cooked porridge was prepared using the traditional oven top method. Subsequently; the porridge was drum dried; blended with ground pumpkin seeds; heat sealed and stored at ambient temperature (22 degrees Centigrade) for eight weeks. Chemical analysis was then carried out to determine the total percentage energy; protein; fat and carbohydrate content of the dried mix. All were in accordance with the theoretical values. This analysis indicated that in order to meet the recommended daily allowances for fat and energy; the addition of oil was necessary; this value was calculated theoretically. In vitro protein digestibility was 82.5 per cent; confirming a high quality protein food. HPLC analysis detected no free floating water soluble amino acids; indicating food stability. A low peroxide value was found; confirming a rancid free food. Viscometer analysis of the reconstituted mix confirmed a nutrient and energy dense food at an acceptable consistency for infant feeding. The addition of a small amount of oil; to the reconstituted mix lowered the viscosity; allowing for the addition of an increase in the quality of dried mix; increasing both nutrient and energy density. The organoleptic qualities of the food were evaluated by a semi-trained panel. The overall appearance was highly rated; with flavour slightly less favourable