Pattern of diabetic retinopathy in Kano, Nigeria
Ann. afr. med
; 11(2): 75-79, 2012. ilus
Article
in English
| AIM
| ID: biblio-1258872
Responsible library:
CG1.1
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The aim of the study is to determine the pattern of retinopathy seen in diabetic patients attending the outpatient clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
Consecutive patients who were attending the diabetic clinic and who consented were examined over a three-month period. Information obtained includes patient's bio data, type and duration of disease, and findings on eye examination. The fundus was examined with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopes, +90 D with slit lamp and fundal photography. Retinopathy was graded using the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale (ICDRDSS).RESULTS:
A total of 214 patients were examined during the study period. There were 88 males and 126 females (M F = 1 1.43). The mean age of the study population was 52.14 ± 13.23 years. The mean age of patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) was 49.14 ± 13.17 years and the mean age of patients with DR was 58.51 ± 10.94 years. Forty nine patients (23%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) while 165 patients (77%) had non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). There was statistically significant difference in presence of retinopathy in patients with IDDM compared to those with NIDDM [X(2) =29.77 {95% CI}, P=0.000]. DR was significantly more common in patients with disease duration of 15 years or more compared with those with disease duration of 14 years or less [X(2) = 65.85, {95% CI} P= 0.000]. Based on ICDRDSS scale, 136 patients (64%) had no retinopathy and 78 patients (36%) had retinopathy. Some patients were visually impaired and the cause of blindness was DR in 6 patients (2.8%). Cataract and glaucoma were the cause in 6 patients (2.8%).CONCLUSION:
Diabetic retinopathy is common in our environment and is more frequent in IDDM and those with long disease duration. DR is a cause of visual disability although diabetic patients are not exempted from blindness from other eye diseases such as cataract and glaucoma. A screening program needs to be developed to facilitate early detection and prompt treatment
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Index:
AIM (Africa)
Main subject:
Visual Acuity
/
Diabetes Mellitus
/
Diabetic Retinopathy
/
Hospitals, Teaching
/
Hypoglycemic Agents
/
Insulin
/
Nigeria
Type of study:
Screening study
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
English
Journal:
Ann. afr. med
Year:
2012
Type:
Article
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