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Coverage and Equitability of Interventions to Prevent Child Mortality in Rural Jimma and West Hararghe Zones; Oromia Region; Ethiopia
Amouzou, Agbessi; Degefie, Tedbabe; Hazel, Elizabeth; Legesse, Hailemariam; Miller, Nathan P; Tolera, Taye.
  • Amouzou, Agbessi; s.af
  • Degefie, Tedbabe; s.af
  • Hazel, Elizabeth; s.af
  • Legesse, Hailemariam; s.af
  • Miller, Nathan P; s.af
  • Tolera, Taye; s.af
Ethiop. med. j. (Online) ; 52: 37-45, 2014.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1261961
Responsible library: CG1.1
ABSTRACT

Background:

Interventions to prevent childhood illnesses are important components of the Ethiopian Health Extension Program (HEP). Although the HEP was designed to reduce inequities in access to health care; there is little evidence on equitability of preventive interventions in Ethiopia.

Purpose:

This article describes coverage of preventive interventions and how many interventions individual children received. We also examined which factors were associated with the number of preventive interventions received; and assessed the extent to which interventions were equitably distributed.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 3;200 randomly selected households in the rural Jimma and West Hararghe Zones of Ethiopia's Oromia Region. We calculated coverage of 10 preventive interventions and a composite of eight interventions (co-coverage) representing the number of interventions received by children. Multiple linear regressions were used to assess associations between co-coverage and explanatory variables. Finally; we assessed the equitability of preventive interventions by comparing coverage among children in the poorest and the least poor wealth quintiles.

Results:

Coverage was less than 50 for six of the 10 interventions. Children received on average only three of the eight interventions included in the co-coverage calculation. Zone; gender; caretaker age; religion; and household wealth were all significantly associated with co-coverage; controlling for key covariates. Exclusive breastfeeding; vaccine uptake; and vitamin A supplementation were all relatively equitable. On the other hand; coverage of insecticide-treated nets or indoor residual spraying (ITN/IRS) and access to safe water were significantly higher among the least poor children compared to children in the poorest quintile.

Conclusion:

Coverage of key interventions to prevent childhood illnesses is generally low in Jimma and West Hararghe. Although a number of interventions were equitably distributed; there were marked wealth-based inequities for interventions that are possessed at the household level; even among relatively homogeneous rural communities
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Index: AIM (Africa) Main subject: Delivery of Health Care / Child Mortality Type of study: Risk factors Language: English Journal: Ethiop. med. j. (Online) Year: 2014 Type: Article

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Index: AIM (Africa) Main subject: Delivery of Health Care / Child Mortality Type of study: Risk factors Language: English Journal: Ethiop. med. j. (Online) Year: 2014 Type: Article