The Changing Pattern of Urological Cancers in Zambia

ABSTRACT

The university teaching hospital Lusaka (UTH) is the main reference hospital and national reference laboratory in Zambia it has a referral areas of 1.3 million people objectives:the purpose of the study was to examine the pattern of urological malignancies seen at the UTH in Lusaka .in particular the pattern of cancer of the bladder. Method:A retrospective study of urological cancers in Zambia was done ; which the IDC(10) classification .Results: a total 8829 cancers were diagnosed over the 15years study period; 749(8.4) were urological maligical cancer was 10.7 to 1. cancer of the prostate was the most common urological malignancy (54;6) ; followed by cancer of the bladder (21;1) and cancer of the penis (18.6) the histological type of bladder cancer was squamous celle carcinoma (46.2); transitional cell carcinoma (23.4); adenocarcinoma (22;2) and other types (82) . the majority of patients (79) with bladder .cancer were between and 65years of age .There was an increasing incidence of squamous celle cancers of the bladder over last 15 tears.Conclusion:twenty years ago prostate cancer comprised only 26of urological malignancies ;it now makes up 55of the urological cancers diagnosed in Zambia over the last 15 years.In contrast; cancer of the penis; kidney and testis have shown so change in frequency distribution compared to 20 years ago.There has been has an increase in squamous cell type of bladder observed over the last 15 years