The Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistance-1 Gene of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Gezira State-Central Sudan

ABSTRACT

AbstractMalaria parasite resistance to chloroquine poses a severe and increasing health problem in tropical countries. Implementing molecular markers for monitoring the drug resistance may be essential to overcome the problem. The aim of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of multi-drug resistance of p. falciparum parasite in malaria patients. Blood samples for DNA extraction were collected from the positive malaria patients. The prevalence of mutations in P. falciparum multi-drug resistant gene-1 (pfmdr-1) was detected by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Approximately; 74.1 of study populations are adults and 25.9 are children. Regression analysis shows a decrease in malaria incidence with increasing age. The prevalence of malaria is higher in males (58.6) compared to females (41.4). There were no statistical differences between malaria incidence and the socioeconomic level within the study population. The frequency of homozygous N/86 and Y/86 alleles were 51.7 and 37.9; respectively; and the heterozygous N/Y86 allele was 10.3.In conclusion the frequency of Pfmdr-1 N/Y86 allele among P. falciparum multi-drug resistant isolates support the hypothesis that Pfmdr-1 N/Y86 allele could be used as predictive marker to monitor multi-drug susceptibility in epidemiological surveys