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Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Outcome of Pneumonia in Children
Disu, E; Emokpae, E; Ibitoye, E; Oduwole, A. O; Renner, J. K.
  • Disu, E; s.af
  • Emokpae, E; s.af
  • Ibitoye, E; s.af
  • Oduwole, A. O; s.af
  • Renner, J. K; s.af
West Afr. j. med ; 29(6): 373-378, 2010.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1273498
Responsible library: CG1.1
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Pneumonia; a common childhood infection in Nigerian children with a number of debilitating complications such as empyema thoracis; has been linked to vitamin D deficiency due to its ability to modulate the T lymphocyte of the immune system .

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the relationship between vitamin D and outcome of pneumonia in children.

METHODS:

This was a case-control study involving 24 children; admitted for pneumonia as subjects and 10 children without pneumonia as controls. Pre-formatted questionnaire was utilized to obtain background information; anthropometric measurements were made to determine nutritional status and estimation of 25- hydroxy cholecalciferol (25OHD) done for all those studied.

RESULTS:

The mean (SD) serum 25OHD concentration was 104 (59) nmol/L and 130 (107) nmol/L for subjects and controls respectively. Amongst the subjects 15 (54) had serum 25OHD less than 70nmol/L and 11 (46) serum 25OHD greater than70nmol/L. Hypocalcaemia was present in 15 (54) of the subjects. Further analysis of hypocalcaemia with regards to the concentration of serum 25OHD showed that 2 (13) had levels below 40nmol/L; 10 (67) had levels below 70nmol/L and 3 (20) above 70nmol/L. Hypocalcaemia was more frequent among subjects with 25OHD below 70nmol/L compared with those above70nmol/L; (p = 0.01). Empyema thoracis and death occurred amongst the two subjects with 25OHD between 27.5 and 40nmol/ L. Anaemia was more frequent among subjects with 25OHD below 70nmol/L compared with those above70nmol/L (p = 0.03).

CONCLUSION:

The study showed that Vitamin D insufficiency; and not solely its deficiency; may have an important role to play in the immune and haemopoetic system. It may therefore affect the response of a child to infections especially pneumonia
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: AIM (Africa) Main subject: Pneumonia / Case-Control Studies Type of study: Observational study Language: English Journal: West Afr. j. med Year: 2010 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: AIM (Africa) Main subject: Pneumonia / Case-Control Studies Type of study: Observational study Language: English Journal: West Afr. j. med Year: 2010 Type: Article