Pattern of endocrine diseases in children at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital

RESUMO

Background: Endocrine disorders (ED) vary greatly in their prevalence according to age and gender. Although most of these disorders are uncommon; they usually run a chronic course; contributing to long term morbidity and ultimately mortality if not recognized and treated early. Aim: To determine; the pattern of ED in children seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Methods: We reviewed the case files of patients seen in the Paediatric Endocrinology clinic of the UPTH from July 2001 to July 2007.The information obtained were patients' characteristics; diagnosis; management and outcome. Diagnosis of each disorder was based on clinical features; relevant laboratory investigations and imaging studies. Results: Thirty patients were seen with various endocrine disorders. They comprised 13 (43.3) males and 17 (56.7) females with a M F ratio of 11.3. Their ages ranged from 10 months to 16 years. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was the commonest disorder seen in 14 (46.7) patients. This was followed by disorders of puberty and thyroid gland in 12 (40) and 4 (13.3) patients respectively. Delayed puberty was the commonest disorder of puberty seen in 4(33.3) of the patients. This was followed by premature thelarche and gynaecomastia in 3(25) patients each. One female (8.3) had precocious puberty. The patients with diabetes had Type 1 DM and all except for one patient received insulin injection. There was delay in the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism and lack of drugs for the treatment of some pubertal disorders in our environment. Conclusion: This study shows that endocrine disorders do occur in children in our environment. A high index of suspicion is therefore required for early diagnosis. There is also need for provision of hormone therapy (HT) for children with pubertal disorders in Nigeria