Effect of molybdenum,vitamin [C] and vitamin [B[1]] on the growth criteria, photosynthetic pigments and metabolic activities of stressed-scenedesmus obliquus cultures

The growth criteria [cell count and dry weight] and total photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrates, total proteins, free amino acids and praline of stressed- Scenedesmus obliquus cultures were significantly increased up to the level 3 ppm of MoCl[2] of that the control cultures, there above the values all these parameters were significantly decreased. When treated stressed-Scenedesmus obliquus cultures with 200 ppm of either ascorbic acid or thlamine were both supplemented of them separately, the growth criteria, total photosynthetic pigments, total proteins, free amino acids and praline of stressed-Scenedesmus obliquus cultures were significantly increased, as comparison with that the control cultures. Conversely, the total carbohydrate contents significantly decreased, when the algal cultures subjected to various levels [1.5, 3 and 4.5 ppm] of MoCl[2] and treated with 200 of either ascorbic acid or thiamine

Effect of vitamins on growth criteria, photosynthetic pigments and some metabolic products of cobalte chloride stressed scenedesmus obliquus cultures

This study show the effect of applied vitamins ascorbic acid [vitamin C] and thiamine [vitamin B[1]] on growth criteria, total photosynthetic pigments total carbohydrate, total protein, free amino acids and proline contents of stressed Scenedesmus obliquus cultured for 7 days. The growth criteria [cell count and dry weight], total photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrate contents, total protein contents, free amino acids and proline of stressed Scenedesmus obliquus cultures were significantly increased, when the algal cultures subjected to lower doses [1.5 and 3 ppm] of CoCI[2] only. On the other side, under relatively higher concentration [4.5 ppm] of CoGl[2] the cell count, dry weight, total photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrate contents, total protein contents and free amino acids of CoCl[2] stressed Scenedesmus obliquus cultures were significantly decreased. However, the soluble carbohydrate contents, soluble proteins and praline contents of stressed Scenedesmus obliquus cultures were significantly increased. On the other hand, the parameters tested were significantly increased, when the algal cultures were subject to various doses [1.5, 3 and 4.5 ppm] of CoCI[2] and treated with 200 ppm applied vitamins [ascorbic acid or thiamine]. However, the different carbohydrate fractions [soluble, insoluble and total carbohydrate], soluble proteins of CoC1[2] stressed Scenedesmus obliquus cultures were significantly decreased

study of histochemical and histological structure on the pancreas of albino rat

In the present study, the postanatal developmend, microvascular and innervation of both indocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas was done on 180 albino rats of Spargue-Dawley strain of both sexes. 30 animals were adults [60 days-old] while the remaining 150 animals were divided into five groups each consisted of 30 animals of 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days old respectively, and it was observed that: * Exocrine part of the pancreas had different rate of growth than the endocrine part, it was found that in the first 7 days of life the endocrine tissue grows faster than the exocrine tissue, then after that age the exocrine tissues strated to grow rapildy with rate more than that of the endocrine tissues up of age of 28 days, after this age onwards both endocrine and exocrine parts showe constant and slow rate of growth. * The body weight and pancreatic weight were found to increase with increasing age, the rate of growth was rapid during the first week after birth with more increase in body weight than pancreatic weight, after 28 days the rate of growth of both body and pancreas was more slower and both increased nearly propartionally. * The total number of islets per pancreas was found to increase with increasing age up to adulthood, the rate of increase was rapid in the first 28 days of life then became slower after that age. * In one day old rats, it was found the presence of distinct blood supply for exocrine part of the pancreas as well as the endocrine part, small and few glomerular like swellings and insulo-acinar capillaries were detected in this age group. The insular capillaries appear to have the same caliber as that of the acinar capillaries with increasing age of the animal all blood vessels of the pacnreas including intrlobular arteris, intralobular arteries as well as insular and acinar capillaries appeared to increase in size. Also the size and frequency of intra-insular capillaries, glomerular like swellings and insulo-acinar portal vessels were increased with increasing age up to adulthood. * True and pseudocholinesterase positive interlobular nerve trunks were observed to divide repeatedly forming the intrapancreatic nerve plexues [peri-acinar, peri-insular, intrainsular, periductal and peri-vascular nerve plexuses]. All these intrapancreatic nerve plexuses were oberved from the the first week birth up to adulthood, while only scattered nerve fibers without forming nerve plexuses were noticed at one day after birth. * True and pseudocholinesterase positive intrapanceratic genglia and nerve cells were found mostly in the interlobular connective tissue septa, however some ganglia were observed among the aini, adjacent to the main pancreatic ducts and blood vessels and less commonly adjacent to islets of langehans. Succinic dehydrogenase enzyme activity was observed throught the pancreas, the exocrine part had higher enzyme reaction than that of the islets of Langerhans moreover the beta-cells showed higher enzyme activity than the cells of the periphery of the islet [A-cell region] and some A-cells possessed low or no enzyme activity at all. Connective tissue cells had low enzyme activity. The intensity of succinic dehydrogenase enzyme reaction was observed to increase with advanced age throughout the whole pancrease

Hormonal control of spermatogenesis in adult albino rat; ultrastructural, endocrinological 1-fsh and testosterone

A quantitative and qualitative analysis of germ cell populations in normal, hypophysectomized [Hx] and Hx-hormone treated animals was undertaken during the periods of regression that were characterized as intermediate between short-term and long-term regression of the testis. Ten groups of adult rats were utilized and administered either follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] or testosterone [T] in different combinations. Flutamide and casodex were used to compete with and rogen binding to receptors in Hx animals where it is known that small amounts of and rogen are secreted in spite of the lack of a pituitary gl and. FSH and T significantly increased the testis weight as compared with Hx controls, but FSH and T were the most effective either singly or in combination. A novel assay for the determination of the numbers of viable germ cells was used in these groups to determine the cellular sites of FSH and T action

Listerial infection in pregnant women and their newborn

This study included 100 pregnant women during the last trimester and their newborn. Women were presented with flue-like illness, urinary tract infection and/or fever. Culture from blood CSF, amniotic fluid, placenta and exteranl auditory canal swabs, revealed the presence of Listeria monocytogenes type 4B in six mothers and five of the newborns. Four neonates presented early after birth with mainly: Difficult labor, thicks and dark liquor, low birth weight, respiratory distress with aspiration pneumonia and septicemia. They received intravenous ampicillin and kanamycin immediately. The outcome of these neonates was two deaths [one still born and one died two days later]. One newborn presented after 8 days with meningitis. Gamma IFN level was hardly detected in sera of neonates in the first sample with a very slight increase in the second sample compared with the gamma IFN level in sera of their mothers, where it was detectable in the first sample with double fold increase in their second sample. Placental examination reveal chorioamnionitis with microbasses formation and detection of gram positive coccobacilli. Placental examination for early diagnosis and confirmation of the disease even before it was suspected clinically. It was concluded that newborn and pregnant women with diminished cellular immunity are predisposed to the threat of listerial infection. So, increase awareness of this disease and its prevention is paramount importance

Effect of predegenerated nerve grafts on axonal regeneration in the peripheral nervous system

This project has provided a general stereological survey for the study of the influence of the predegenerated nerve graft and prelesioned host site on axonal regeneration and remyelination in the peripheral nervous system. Right sciatic nerve of adult rats was sectioned at mid-thigh level, and the distal portion was allowed to predegenerate for 0, 6 and 12 days. The distal nerve segment [10-15 mm] was grafted onto the proximal nerve stump which had received a conditioning lesion 0, 6 or 12 days previously, resulting in different 9 donor-host combinations. The morphological study of the grafts was assessed 8 and/or 24 weeks after grafting. The number of regenerated remyelinated axons was counted by using a recent stereological technique. The grafts given eight weeks postgrafting had many regenerated myeflinated axons ranging from 11,000 to 28,000 axons, and the grafts given a 24 weeks postgrafting had large numbers of regenerated myelinated axons ranging from 15,000 to 29,000 axons. These results indicate that both a conditioning lesion of the host and the degree of predegeneration of the nerve graft are important in the influencing of the degree of axonal regeneration and remyelination. Six days post-lesion host is the best time which can enhance axonal regeneration before grafting. Using the retrograde tracer [Fast-Blue] for labeling the nerve cell bodies in DRG and anterior horn of the spinal cord at the levels of L[4] and L[5], the results showed there was no relationship between the number of regenerated axons and the number of the labeled nerve cells. Our results concluded the importance of neuronal vasculature in the process of axonal regeneration. Finally, we can fairly apply clinically the use of predegenerated nerve grafts and prelesioned host site in peripheral nerve repair following injury

Reversibility of alcohol induced effects on the adult rat seminiferous tubules

An animal model was utilized to determine the reversibility potential of ethanol induced seminiferous tubules pathology after a moderate period of ABSTinence, under the bases of the recent stereological techniques. The testicular mass showed a higher degree of reduction [49.7%] with alcoholism compared to that of the body as a whole [22.8%]. After 10 weeks of rehabilitation, there was higher degree of regaining in the testis mass [57.6%] in comparison to the regain in the body mass [34.5%]. The degree of sensitivity to alcohol affection is higher with the more mature germ cells. While, the power of reversibility is higher with the less mature germ cells. These findings provided an animal model to be discussed in relation to the adverse effects of chronic alcoholism in man

Intercorrelations of the anthropometric measurements of the newborn infants in upper Egypt

A study of 151 hospital births in Minia district in Upper Egypt revealed significant intercorrelations of the anthropometric measurements of the newborn infants. The best correlation of birth weight is with raidarm circumference and with head circumference. Birth weight of < 2.5 kg is the criterion of low birth weight and mid-arm circumference of < 8.9 cm or head circumference of < 31.4 cm has good predictive value in identifying this risk group. This trial is performed in order to select a simple measure which could be substituted for weight when problems prevent weighing of every newborn infant. Skinfold thickness of the studied newborns can be used to measure subcutaneous fat but not maturity of the baby. Skinfold thickness has low correlations with body lengths and high correlations with birth weight and arm circumference. However, because of non-linear relation to body weight, it is not recommended to use skinfold thickness in regression equations to predict birth weight

Anthropometric characteristics of the upper Egyptian newborns in comparison with other countries

A sample of 151 full term infants [89 males and 62 females] was taken from Minia district of Upper Egypt. The infants were subjected to different anthropometric measurements within 24 hours after birth. It appeared that there were no significant differences in the various body measurements between male and female newborns except for skin-fold thickness where female values were significantly greater than male values. Considering that the fat tissue is laid down only during the last weeks of gestation, this represents a marked sex difference. In comparison with some anthropometric measurements of newborn infants elsewhere, the present sample did not show any significantly retarded growth measurement. This indicates that the indicators of growth welfare of the Upper Egyptian newborns are promising and inore attention should be made to the postnatal period

Comparison between growth of infants of working and non-working mothers in El-Minia city

This work was carried out to study the impact of work of mothers on the anthropometric measurements of the infants in El-Minia City. A follow-up of infants of 500 working mothers was done during the first year of life. 458 infants [244 males and 214 females] were followed up by anthropometric measurements [weight, length and head circumference] at birth and monthly up to 12 months. The measurements were compared with measurements of 244 infants [126 males and 118 females] of non-working mothers. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between both groups of infants in achieving physical growth during the first year of life [P < 0.05]. All measurements were compared with National Center of Health and Statistics USA [NCHS-USA] growth chart. In the present study, the irregularity in practice of breast feeding and lack of time for daily care and proper nutrition as regards working mothers were the most common causes of under growth of infants of working mothers during the first year of life

Fetal growth and pregnancy outcome in working and non-working pregnant women in El Minia City

Seven hundred and fifty pregnant women were studied in two groups: group one consisted of 500 pregnant women who were employed in different jobs while group two consisted of 250 pregnant women who were non-working. The study involved clinical and ultrasonic examinations to measure the biparietal diameter and femur length, as well as hormonal assay to the effect of different kinds of work on the outcome of pregnancy. The working pregnant women had higher percentage of premature labour, lower birth weight, an increased incidence of stillbirth and neonatal mortality than the non-working pregnant women. The difference in outcome of pregnancy may be due to an unfavourable circumstances related to work and some nutritional problems rather than to the actual work. Therefore, it is recommended to improve working conditions, facilities, nutrition and regulations related to work