[Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of Zataria multiflora boiss. essential oil and Lysozim on E. coli]

In order to reduce or eliminate foodborne pathogens or food spoilage agents many research have been done to find natural preservatives. This study was carried out to determine minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of lysozyme and Zataria multiflora boiss. essential oil on E. coli 0157: H7 and their sub inhibitory concentration effect on bacterial growth curve. In this study different concentrations of lysozyme [0. 125, 250, 500 and 1000 micro g/ml] and Zataria multiflora boiss. essential oil [0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08%] were used alone and in combination on BHI broth to determine MIC of Zataria multiflora boiss. essential oil and lysozyme with macro dilution and micro dilution methods and effect of sub inhibitory concentrations of them on bacterial growth curve of E. coli 0157: H7. MIC of essential oil in two methods was achieved 0.04% whereas lysozyme in 100 micro g/ml concentration was not able to reduce bacterial growth. Furthermore combination results revealed that high concentration of lysozyme was not able to reduce calculated amount of MIC of essential oil. Sub inhibitory concentration effect of EO and lysozyme showed that their combination result in the increase of lag phase and reduction of bacterial growth. Utilization of EO and lysozyme together did not decrease MIC but combination of them increase lag phase

[Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of zataria multiflora boiss. essential oil and lysozim on L. monocytogenes]

Application of natural compounds, including essential oils [EOs] and lysozyme is an effective method against growth of bacterial pathogens in foods. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of lysozyme and Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil on L. monocytogenes. In this study different concentrations of lysozyme and Zataria multiflora Boiss. EO were used alone and in combination on BHI broth to determine MIC of Zataria multiflora Boiss. EO and lysozyme with macro dilution and micro dilution methods and effect of sub inhibitory concentrations of them on bacterial growth curve of L. monocytogenes. The minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of Z. multiflora Boiss EO was estimated ?0.04 using macro and microdilution. lysozyme at the highest concentration [1000 microg/ ml] was not effective in inhibition of bacterial growth and no MIC value obtained. Combination of EO and Lysozyme decreased the MIC value to%0.02 and 250microg/ mlfor Z. multifloraBoiss. EO and lysozyme, respectively. The results of growth curve analysis showed that combination was effective in increasing the lag phase. Z. multiflora Boiss and lysozyme showed to be effective against bacterial growth and its potential application in food systems may be suggested

Average annual crestal bone loss of ITI implants following the first year of loading

Long term success of dental implants directly depends on marginal bone resorption. The aim of this study was to determine the annual average bone loss on the mesial and distal aspects of implants following the first year of implantation. This was a descriptive analytical study of patients treated with ITI [International Team of Implantology] implants at the Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from 1998-2002 [1377-81]. A total of 15 patients with 41 implants were selected by convenience sampling method. The height of the alveolar bone was measured using panoramic radiography before and after loading with calipers to determine the average bone loss. Other information such as pocket depth, bleeding index, plaque index, gingival recession, was obtained by clinical examinations. The mean bone loss on the mesial and distal sides was analyzed by ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance. The average bone loss on the proximal sides of ITI implants obtained annually after the first year of loading was 0.084 +/- 0.035 mm with slight difference on the mesial [0.092 +/- 0.035] and distal [0.072 +/- 0.033] sides. There was negligible difference between male and female patients. The average survival rate for thirty three months was 95.1%. The average bone loss on the mesial and distal sides of ITI implants compared with other studies was satisfactory. Survival and success rates were acceptable

[Knowledge, attitude and practice of general physicians in relation with oral malignancies]

Background: In spite of recent advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of oral cancer has been unchanged. The knowledge, attitude and practice of general practitioners play a significant role in the early diagnosis and overall prognosis of oral cancer

Objective: The purpose of this study was evaluation of the physicians' knowledge, attitude and practice in relation with oral cancers

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 physicians participating in two continuing educational programs in 2001 [rheumatology in Karaj and pediatric emergencies in Qazvin] were selected randomly and a questionnaire consisting of 4 different parts was prepared and completed by each case

Findings: Most of the cases [56%] had a moderate level of knowledge about the different aspects of the disease which showed no relation with age, sex, date and place of graduation and clinical experiences. 46.3% and 81.8% respectively believed that diagnosis and treatment of oral lesions are limited to ENT speciality. The majority of cases believed that the level of educational contents in medical courses, workshops, congresses as well as their personal knowledge was low and insufficient. 85.9% of physicians did not perform oral cancer examinations for their patients

Conclusion: With regard to the referral of a large group of oral cancer patients to physicians, and the lack of proper knowledge and attention in this group, increasing public information as well as improving physicians' knowledge and attitudes toward the disease seems mandatory

[Frequency of sensory and motor nerve injuries after maxillo-facial trauma]

One of the most common complications of trauma to maxillofacial region is nerve injuries of sensory and motor branches of the nerve V and VII in the face. The aim of this article was to study the relative prevalence of injuries of sensory part of nerve V and motor part of nerve VII. The research was descriptive analytic and information were collected by clinical observation. Samples consisted of 384 individuals refereing to Alzahra and Kashani hospitals, collected information were described by descriptive statistics methods and chi statistical test. Motor and sensory nerve involvement in maxillofacial trauma were evaluated in 384 trauma patients. The most frequent nerve damage was sensory part of the nerve V [51.3%] and the next frequent nerve damage was motor part of the nerve VII five patients [1.3%] had both of these two type of injuries. Maxillo-facial nerve injuries specially nerves V and VII were the frequent complications of maxillofacial region. Infra-orbital branch of the nerve V and buccal branch of the nerve VII were most affected. Vigilant clinical examination and early diagnosis of the nerve injuries will guide patients towards proper treatment and prevention of complications