[Compare the effects of Benson relaxation and slowe stroke back massage on the level of anxiety among unstable angina patients]

Introduction: Unstable angina, ischemic disease is almost the most dangerous, and now more than half of the cases admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit are included. Anxiety is usually high in these patients, leading to worsening disease. To compare two methods of surface relaxation and massage strokes behind the anxiety level of hospitalized patients with unstable angina was part CCU

Method: This study is a clinical trial of Imam Khomeini [ra] was Poldokhtar 1391, 114 patients with unstable angina based on inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into three groups Tessellation method of intervention [both groups and control group] were assigned. collect data in this study included demographic characteristic and the Spielberger Anxiety Inventory. intervention group, Massage S.S. B.M And the relaxation times in the first 2 days of hospitalization each day for 10 min and 20 min, respectively, at 8-6, was carried out. In the control group there was no intervention. Levels of anxiety before and immediately after the intervention [massage, relaxation] and the control group were measured and recorded at the same time. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and statistical parameters such as mean, standard deviation and range and interpretation of statistics [analysis], such as analysis of covariance, Anu Wa and Tukey test were used to analyze the data

Results: The findings showed that the average level of anxiety before and after the massage strokes back [P<0.001], there was no significant difference. The mean anxiety before and after relaxation [P<0.001], there was also a significant difference. The mean difference between anxiety and vital signs before and after the two groups was significant [P<0.001]. Masazhastrvk surface behind Benson relaxation in reducing anxiety in patients with unstable angina and the effect of massage strokes behind the surface, most of the Benson Relaxation

Conclusion: The results indicate the effectiveness of the surface Masazhastrvk and relaxation in reducing anxiety in patients with unstable angina, respectively. Masazhastrvk impact surface was further back than Benson relaxation. According to the results of two methods of anxiety management practices accepted as a simple and reliable learning can be used by nurses

[Nursing professional excellence: mutual effect of the talent management and professional extra role behaviors]

Introduction: Improvement and progress of each organization depending on the staff and situations improvement. Knowledge is a base of the knowledge oriented organization and excellent staff can make knowledge to the excellent services and products. To have an excellent organization we need to knowledgeable, motivated and excited personnel to have an excellent organization. This motivation and knowledge along with self believe can cause the bright results. To achieve to this results we need to convergent, satisfaction, general identification and cultural strategies that these strategies are in the professional excellence and including productivity, active, efficient, independent and knowledge oriented personnel. Therefore it is necessary to clear the professional excellence process systematically. This research aimed to explain the process of the professional excellence of nurses, assisted by "Grounded" Theory

Method: This qualitative study was carried out on the basis of "Grounded Theory" of Corbin and Strauss copy in 2008. Participants in this study were among nurses and from different ranks. Participants were selected based on assigned indicators, "Snowball Sampling Method" and theoric. Data are collected through in depth semi-structural interview. In this study, nineteen interviews were held with fifteen participants

Results: Upon the analysis of the data and doing constant comparisons for the purpose of conceptual accumulation, 1450 primary codes, 35 primary category,8 sub category and 3 themes were derived in the frame of a conceptual model that consisting of extra role professional behaviors, strategic professional insight, and the professional talents management

Conclusion: The research results imply to the differences between excellence nurses behaviors' and their specific characteristics. Emerge of the extra role behaviors need to abet and prod. The role of the managers is important in this situation. They should deduct the appropriate policy and strategies for emerging of the extra role behaviors in nurses and improve quality of care services. With application of the nursing professional excellence model in medical centers, we can insure the quality of care services and commitment to continual improvement of the nursing services

Effect of acupressure on patients' anxiety and vital sign before abdominal surgeries

Anxiety is one of the emotional conditions among patients scheduled for surgery that can result in increasing postoperative pain, increasing analgesic and anesthetic requirements and prolonging hospital stay. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of acupressure [acupuncture without needle] in reducing patients' anxiety before abdominal surgeries. In this randomized, blinded, sham controlled trial, 70 patients who were scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery in Tehran University of Medical Sciences' hospitals were selected using convenience sampling method. The patients were randomized to an acupressure group [n=35] or a placebo group [n=35], receiving acupressure either at the right points [Yintang and Shen men] in acupressure group or at sham points in the placebo group for 10 min. Anxiety was recorded on a Visual Analog Scale [0-10]. Vital signs were measured before and after pressure application in both groups. The anxiety was decreased in both groups following pressure application for 10 min [P<0.001]. The amount of anxiety was significantly different between the groups [P<0.001]. The heart rate, respiratory rate, and diastole/systole pressure [P<0.001] were decreased in the case group. Only heart rate [P=0.016] and respiratory rate [P=0.007] were decreased in the placebo group. Changes in respiratory rate and systole pressure following pressure application were statistically significant between two groups. Acupressure at the right points can decrease anxiety before abdominal surgeries but it has no clinical effect on vital signs

Qualitative approach on social problems in burned disfigurement individuals

The face the main channel through which the individual communicates. It is the site of beauty and attractiveness. Physical attractiveness has stereotyping nature. Because the precise content of the stereotype depends on cultural values. The aim of this study was described the range of psychosocial issues burned disfigurement people that psychosocial support programmes may need to address after hospitaization. Part of data from a larger study grounded theory approach was reported by this Paper. In this qualitative study, individual in depths interview performed with 21 participants. Interviews were analyzed using a content analysis. After data analyzed five axial category emerging from this qualitative study included social behaviors and beliefs [reproach, retirement, wrong thoughts and beliefs, stigmatize, pity] emotional problems [grief, shame, fear of expulsion, aversion, hopelessness] reactions assessment [positive assessment, Negative assessment] strategy [hidden, separation, self-presentation] and weariness. Findings indicated negative behaviors' and beliefs' of people cause emotional problems in disfigured people. Thise persons perform inappropriate strategy against behaviors' and beliefs' of people. Therefore This persons need to appropriate supportive programs for community, family and person instruction to knowledge, attitude and practice promotion

[Professionalization experiences of newly employed nurses in clinical settings in Iran]

Nursing professionalization is a developmental experience that evolves throughout professional nurses' careers. Nursing systems that prepare nurses include experiences that are important in the early development of nursing identity. This phenomenenon is also foundational to the assumption of various nursing roles. A phenomenological approach was used in order to explore the meanings of professionalization experiences among participants. Data were gathered through series of semi structured interviews. Benner's interpretive method was used for data analysis. From 17 famale and male beginner nurses who worked in different educational and private hospitals in Tehran points of view 5 main themes and 4 subthemes emerged which encompasses the whole experiences of participants' professioalization experiences. These themes included sufficient knowledge, well practical experiences and autonomy in practice to provide a comprehensive care. Faculty understanding of beginning nurses' definitions and experiences of nursing professionalization can provide insights that can be used to develop educational experiences that support and enhance students' professional nursing identity and ultimately affect their future practice. Faculty can also use knowledge of nurses' definitions of professionalization to enrich student learning

[Assess the using and efficacy of fatigue reducing strategies in patients referred to multiple sclerosis association of Iran]

Multiple sclerosis [MS] is characterized by a broad spectrum of physical and psychological impairments. Fatigue is a common and disabling symptom for individuals with MS 75%-90% of individuals with MS reported problems with fatigue. They describe fatigue as a frustrating and overwhelming symptom that can be disabling. Assessing the usage and efficiencies of fatigue reducing strategies in patients referred to multiple sclerosis association of Iran. This is a cross-sectional survey study of 100 patients who were selected randomly. The method of collecting data was by asking and answering and the research tool was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared in four parts. Part one included the disease and demographic questions. Part two included Fatigue Severity Scale [FSS]. Part tree included Fatigue Reducing Strategies and part four included Fatigue Relief Scale. The data were collected in one stage, and analyzed with SPSS software. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods [fisher exact test, chi square test, correlation coefficient, meant, standard deviation] have been used. The Findings of this study represented that the majority of subjects [63%] were suffering of severe fatigue symptom. The most frequently used strategies to relive fatigue were lie down [51%], watching TV [30%], frequent rest [28%] and sitting without doing any thing [28%]. But the most effective strategies were sleeping [8.17], daily nap [8.4], take a shower with lukewarm water [7.25], avoiding heat [7.16], exercising [7.14], praying [7.0] and socialization [7.0]. Results also showed that fatigue have been affected by some variables such as education level, having child, number of children, job status, daily working hours, dwelling place and time of bed-ridden. Findings also suggested that all strategies will be useful when the highest level of fatigue has been experienced [p=0.532, r=-0.063]. The most common strategies were not necessarily the most effective ones. Most frequently used strategies were included sleeping, napping, warm water bathing, heat avoidance, and exercising. However more physically active strategies such as exercise and socializing were more effective strategies. The patients should be suggested that to try variety of strategies such as walking and exercising besides sleeping and resting to relieve the fatigue. Patients should be instructed to monitor the intensity of their fatigue and also be encouraged to maintain that level of activity which is in balance with efficient rest period

Concept mapping as an educational strategy to promote meaningful learning

Background: a major metacognitive learning strategy that appears to improve students learning experience is concept mapping

Purpose: to determine the effects of teaching by concept mapping method on meaningful learning of a group of bachelor degree program nursing students

Methods: students studied in fourth year of Nursing, Bachelor's Program, in two nursing faculties located in Tehran were selected by simple sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The selected materials were taught by concept mapping strategy for the intervention group while in the control group traditional lecturing method was used. A teacher-made, criterion referenced test was used as instrument to evaluate meaningful learning of participants in two groups

Results: based on intended criteria 230 fourth year students wereincluded.25 students were excluded due to lack of one or more including criteria. The remaining students were divided randomly into two intervention [106 students] and control [99 students] groups. The study was conducted during a 5-week period. The results showed that there was a significant statistical difference between the mean scores of retention test of learning in the case [72.40 %] and control [53.30 %] groups [P<0.005]. T-test also revealed that there was a significant statistical difference between the mean scores of cumulative post-test for the case group [73.29 %] and the mean scores of cumulative posttest for the control group [68.69 %]

Conclusion: based on our findings it can be concluded that teaching by concept mapping strategy has significant effects on meaningful learning and retention of the students. By addressing these issues it is suggested that more nurse educators would attempt to use the concept mapping strategy in the promotion of meaningful learning