Comparative effect of petroselinum sativum extract and rutin on liver functions

Serum enzymes are very important in clinical diagnosis of diseases and estimation of liver damage of intoxicated rats by CCL[4]. In this study the effect of Petroselinum sativwn extracts was measured on the enzyme activities of liver transaminase "ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH". Also, the activity of lysosomal enzymes "ACP; beta-GAL, and beta-NAG In addition to superoxide dismutase as an antioxidant enzyme were determined after oral treatment with two concentrations "50 and 100 mg/kg b.w" for 21 days after injection i.p. of CCL[4] to evaluate the possible curative effect for the ethanolic extract of parsley. The activity of SOD as an antioxidant enzyme was also studied. Rutin as a standard antioxidant was orally administered as single dose "100 mg/kg b.w" for the same periods "10, and 20 days". This experiment was performed in two groups of rats "intoxicated and nontoxicated treatments". The results revealed that the liver enzymes activity "ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH" were markedly increased in hepatotoxic rats after the duration time. The higher activities of these enzymes could be referred to induced cell damage after CCL[4] treatment. Also, the lysosomal enzymes such as "ACP, beta-GAL, and beta-NAG" were markedly increased in parallel to the hepatoxic rats, SOD activity was significantly decreased. After plant extract administration by the two concentrations and Rutin by single dose, the enzyme activities of "ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, ACP, beta-GAL, and beta-NAG" were ameliorated and decreased significantly as compared to the control group. SOD activity was increased. Petroselinum sativum ethanolic extract exerted a curative effect on the enzyme activities of transaminase, "ALP, LDH, and the activities of lysosomal enzymes of rat liver. Also, this extract suppressed the oxidative stress by enhancement of the SOD activity

Prevalence of preterm labor in Almukalla MCH Hospital, Hadhramout, Yemen

Prelerm labor remains a major obstetric problem because of the high incidence of neonatal mortality or long term handicapped associated with it. Analyzing preterm labor can help to identify factors which lead to preterm labor and help to prevent it. To find out the incidence of preferm labor [PTL] in Almukalla MCH hospital .Yemen to find out the relation of maternal age, parity, gestational age, sex, etiological factors and mode of deliveries to preterm labor, and to assess the main maternal risk factors associated with preterm labor. It is an observational analytical retrospective study done in the period from January l[st] 2007- December 3l[st] 2007. Questionnaire was performed to document the details of labor. Data entry and analysis was done by using SPSSv11 software computer program. There were 175 patients with PTL out of 4415 deliveries in 2007, including 9 twin pregnancies and one triple pregnancy. The incidence of PTL was [4.21%]. There were only 35 mothers under the age of twenty [19.9%], between twenty one to thirty years there were 94 cases [53.7%], and between thirty one to forty five years or more, there were 46 cases [26.4%]. 58 cases were primigravidae [33.1%] and 117 multigravidae [66.9%]. Sixty one cases of these PTL had gestational age of less than 28 weeks [34.8%], between 29-32 week there were 42 cases [24%] and between 33-36 week there were 72 cases [41.2%].Caesar-ean section [CS] was done for 34 cases [19.4%], and the remaining 141 [80.6%] cases were delivered vaginally. The most common cause of CS was placenta pre via centralis. The cause of PTL was unknown in most of the cases 77 cases [44%]. Male babies were 79 [42.47%], and female babies were 107 [57.53%]131 cases [70.43%] of neoborn babies have body weight under 2 kg, and 55 case [29.57%] had body weight more than 2 kg. The rale-of preterm labor in Almukalla MCH hospital is 4.21%. The highest rate was among multigravida with the age between 21-30 years. The most common gestational age of preterm labor was 33-36 weeks. The cause of preterm labor was unknown in; 77 cases [44%]. Most of the cases were delivered vaginally except 34 [19.4%] cases who underwent CS. Placenta previa centralis is the most common cause of CS

Mould infection, immunological tests and ventilatory lung function among cotton dust exposed workers

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Shartex spinning and weaving company at Sharkia Governorate to determine the respiratory effect of cotton exposure. Seventy three cotton-exposed workers and 50 healthy workers [control group] were studied. Respiratory symptoms, ventilatory function tests, mycological examination of sputum and immunological examination for fungal reaction against different moulds and cotton extracts were assessed. Respiratory symptoms were frequently reported by exposed workers compared with controls. Among exposed workers, 11 [15.1%] had symptoms of byssinosis and 26 [35.6%] chronic bronchitis. This work has documented reduced lung function associated with work place exposure to cotton dust. Those workers with respiratory symptoms had significantly impaired lung function compared with asymptomatic workers Mould were significantly isolated from exposed workers than control group [P<0.001]. Different mould were isolated as Asp. niger, Cladosporium, Alternaria and others but only Asp. niger was the most significant isolate [P<0.01]. Also, exposed workers were more liable to develop immediate skin hypersensitivity reaction to specific cotton extracts [15.1%] and fungal antibodies [10.9%]. However, none of the control subjects gave either skin positive test to cotton extract or positive precipitin reaction. On regression analysis: both smoking and current exposure to cotton dust were the most significant risk factors of byssinosis, chronic bronchitis and impairment of both FEV1 and FVC.Also, duration of cotton exposure and increasing age were significant indicators for loss of FEV1 and FVC respectively.While, current cotton exposure was the only risk factor associated with frequent isolation of mould.In conclusion, workers exposed to cotton dust had increased respiratory symptoms and significant reduction in ventilatory capacity, also they develop immediate skin hypersensitivity reaction to cotton extract, fungal antibodies with more positive sputum culture for fungi than non exposed controls.So, it is recommended that lung function tests should be performed and can be used for routine medical surveillance. Also, anti-smoking programme must be applied

Laparoscopy versus abdominal ultrasonography and diagnostic peritoneal lavage in abdominal trauma

The increasing incidence of severely injured patients with multiple organ injuries requires rapid and accurate diagnostic techniques. The accurate assessment of the injuries and the priority of treatment are factors that influence eventual outcome. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage and ultrasonography are the diagnostic modalities used in patients without obvious urgent indications for laparotomy after blunt trauma to the abdomen. From this study, U/S is non-invasive, rapid, available, without complication, but it inadequate investigation, in such patient, it also complemented by peritoneal lavage which considered as invasive but it rapid, cheep and accurate test in cases of abdominal trauma. So we conclude that, in patients with abdominal trauma, diagnostic peritoneal lavage and ultrasonography as well as laparoscopy are not competing procedures but are rather complementary in the evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma patients who are with or without indications for laparotomy. In our opinion, laparoscopy is more diagnostically accurate than lavage as well as ultrasonography. It is fast and safe examination which can be performed when its indicated. The number of unnecessary abdominal explorations in severely injured patients can be reduced to a negligible figures, thus decreasing morbidity, hospitalization time and costs

Feeding cyromazine to luhmann hens: residues in tissues and effects on some biochemical constituents

Cyromazine was fed to Lohmann hens at 0.15 ppm level supplemented the basal diet for three eeks. The build up of cyromazine residues in liver and muscles of hens up to 7th, the balance between cyromazine intake and elimination had taken place between 7 and 10 days. After cyromazine was withdrawn from the diet its residues was depleted within seven days. During the three weeks of feeding on the treated diet, the accumulated residues reduced the blood glucose and hepatic protein significantly up to two weeks, while the hepatic lipids was slightly increased on the 7th day. Also, such residues had adverse effects on the activities of alkaline phosphatase [AP] and transminases [GOT, GPT] and extend on red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin content [Hb] and packed cell volume [PCV] compared with the untreated hens

Dermal dendrocytes

This study was performed on two normal subjects to identify the ultrastructural features of the newly described, less well characterized dermal dendrocytes. The dendritic character of these cells and their relation to fibroblast were confirmed in this work

Prevalence of microfilaria versus intradermal test in EL-Koren, Sharkia G, Egypt

Two hundred individuals randomly chosen from Koren were subjected to three repeated thick blood films and an intradermal test using 1/5000 delipidized antigen of Camel filarial. Microfilaria was found in 71 cases [35.5%], more in females. The total incidence of positive intradermal test was 63.5%. Significant difference was found in the percentage of positive intradermal test between positive and negative microfilarial cases. Sex and age have no influence on the result of the intradermal test. A significant relationship was found between the positivity of intradermal test and presence of microfilaria in a symptomatic individuals. Also a significant relation was found between the positivity of the test and history of acute attacks in the asymptomatic negative microfilarial group but no relation was elicited in the positive group