ABSTRACT
Three new alkyl substituted anthraquinone derivatives, trivially named as symploquinones A-C (Compounds 1-3) were isolated from Symplocos racemosa. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, Mass, H- and C-NMR, and two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques). The resulting data were also compared with the reported literature. These compounds were then subjected to antibacterial or antibiofilm testing. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited good antibacterial activity in the concentration range of 160-83 μg·mL against Streptococcus mutans, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. Both compounds were further screened for anti-biofilm activity, which revealed promising activities at sub-MIC concentrations. None of the compounds were found to be active against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Subject(s)
Anthraquinones , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Biofilms , Ericales , Chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Physiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Proteus mirabilis , Physiology , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Streptococcus mutans , PhysiologyABSTRACT
We present the case of a patient on peritoneal dialysis [PD] who had an uneventful oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy. His peritoneal dialysis after colonoscopy had bright red peritoneal dialysate. The patient was completely asymptomatic and a CT scan was performed which did not reveal any retroperitoneal haematoma and showed no signs of perforation or splenic tear. His PD dialysate cleared up with time. We do not find any such case in the literature in which a patient has had haemoperitoneum after a colonoscopy without any obvious cause to account for it. Our patient was unique due to his CAPD in combination with his immunosuppression for his kidney transplant which may have predisposed him to the intraperitoneal bleed after colonoscopy or it may just have been a normal phenomenon after colonoscopy. More studies need to be done as the realisation of its pathology can prevent unnecessary testing and avoid patient and healthcare worker's anxiety
ABSTRACT
A prototype treatment plant was fabricated and tested at varied hydraulic retention times for settling the suspended/settleable matter and skimming out oil and grease at laboratory plants of 40 L and 56 L. The results showed that 99.7% of oil and grease and almost all total suspended solids were removed and sparkling clear water was obtained, reusable for washing vehicles