ABSTRACT
Bile duct stones [BDSs] may happen in up to 4%-15% of all patients for whom cholecystectomy is performed. Patients giving CBDS have manifestations including: biliary colic, jaundice, cholangitis, pancreatitis or might be asymptomatic. It is critical to recognize essential and auxiliary stones, in light of the fact that the treatment approach shifts. Stones found some time recently, amid, and after cholecystectomy had likewise contrasting medicines. Distinctive strategies have been utilized for the treatment of CBDS yet the appropriate treatment relies on upon conditions, for example, quiet' fulfilment, number and size of stones, and the specialists involvement in laparoscopy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with or without endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy, laparoscopic CBD investigation [transcystic or transcholedochal], or laparotomy with CBD investigation [by T-tube, C-tube inclusion, or essential conclusion] are the most regularly utilized strategies overseeing CBDS [Common bile duct stones]. We will survey the pathophysiology of bile duct stones, finding, and distinctive procedures of treatment with particular concentrate on the different surgical modalities
ABSTRACT
Spinal epidural hematoma [SEH] is an uncommon condition. Spontaneous SEH, accounting for 0.3-0.9% of all spinal epidural space occupying lesions, instead is associated with risk factors [such as substantial soft trauma or coagulation abnormalities].The pathophysiology of spontaneous and idiopathic SEH is still under debate: There are only a few reports in literature of spontaneous evolving SEH with progressively increasing pain and neurological impairment
Magnetic resonance imaging may be inconclusive for differential diagnosis. Here, we present a 38-years old female on the 2nd trimester of her pregnancy preset with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma with a sudden onset of weakness and back pain fallowed by a sudden paraplegia. MR imaging showed high intensity irregular dotted lesion seen in the lower thoracic region [T12], in addition, MRI revealed an intervertebral disk prolapse with a cord compression between [L3-L4] [L4-L5]
The Surgical treatment of the case, the patient underwent laminectomy and an evacuation of the hematoma by the neurosurgical team allowed a correct diagnosis but still paraplegic. Our aim is to discuss the clinical and radiological features and the treatment options
ABSTRACT
Background: Sugar- and artificially-sweetened beverage consumption have been connected to cardio metabolic hazard factors, which rise the danger of cerebrovascular illness and dementia
Purpose: We studied whether sugar or artificially sweetened beverage intake was related with the prospective dangers of incident stroke or dementia
Materials and methods: We studied 361 members aged more than 45 years for incident stroke [mean age 61 [SD, 10] years; 163 men] and 185 participants aged >60 years for incident dementia [mean age 68 [SD, 7] years; 85 men]. Beverage consumption was computed using a food-frequency questionnaire at cohort studies. We quantified latest consumption at investigation 7 and cumulative intake by averaging across examinations. Surveillance for incident events commenced at examination 7 and continued for 5 years. We observed 12 cases of incident stroke [10 ischemic] and 10 cases of incident dementia [8 consistent with Alzheimer's disease]
Results: After modifications for age, gender, education [for analysis of dementia], caloric consumption, diet feature, physical activity, and smoking, higher recent and higher cumulative consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks were related with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, all-cause dementia, and Alzheimer's disease dementia. When comparing day-to-day aggregate consumption to 0 per week [reference], the risk ratios were 2.87 [95% confidence interval, 1.24-6.89] for ischemic stroke and 2.91 [95% confidence interval, 1.15-6.99] for Alzheimer's disease. Sugar-sweetened beverages were not associated with stroke or dementia
Conclusions: Artificially sweetened soft drink consumption was allied with a higher risk of stroke and dementia