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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 45(12): 1320-1326, Dec. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-659659

ABSTRACT

Regular physical exercise has been shown to favorably influence mood and anxiety; however, there are few studies regarding psychiatric aspects of physically active patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of the present study was to compare the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and cardiac anxiety in sedentary and exercising CAD patients. A total sample of 119 CAD patients (74 men) were enrolled in a case-control study. The subjects were interviewed to identify psychiatric disorders and responded to the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire. In the exercise group (N = 60), there was a lower prevalence (45 vs 81%; P < 0.001) of at least one psychiatric diagnosis, as well as multiple comorbidities, when compared to the sedentary group (N = 59). Considering the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire, sedentary patients presented higher scores compared to exercisers (mean ± SEM = 55.8 ± 1.9 vs 37.3 ± 1.6; P < 0.001). In a regression model, to be attending a medically supervised exercise program presented a relevant potential for a 35% reduction in cardiac anxiety. CAD patients regularly attending an exercise program presented less current psychiatric diagnoses and multiple mental-related comorbidities and lower scores of cardiac anxiety. These salutary mental effects add to the already known health benefits of exercise for CAD patients.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Coronary Artery Disease/psychology , Depression/psychology , Exercise , Sedentary Behavior , Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology , Anxiety Disorders/etiology , Case-Control Studies , Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/etiology , Prevalence
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 44(7): 700-706, July 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-595705

ABSTRACT

During cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), stroke volume can be indirectly assessed by O2 pulse profile. However, for a valid interpretation, the stability of this variable over time should be known. The objective was to analyze the stability of the O2 pulse curve relative to body mass in elite athletes. VO2, heart rate (HR), and relative O2 pulse were compared at every 10 percent of the running time in two maximal CPETs, from 2005 to 2010, of 49 soccer players. Maximal values of VO2 (63.4 ± 0.9 vs 63.5 ± 0.9 mL O2•kg-1•min-1), HR (190 ± 1 vs188 ± 1 bpm) and relative O2 pulse (32.9 ± 0.6 vs 32.6 ± 0.6 mL O2•beat-1•kg-1) were similar for the two CPETs (P > 0.05), while the final treadmill velocity increased from 18.5 ± 0.9 to 18.9 ± 1.0 km/h (P < 0.01). Relative O2 pulse increased linearly and similarly in both evaluations (r² = 0.64 and 0.63) up to 90 percent of the running time. Between 90 and 100 percent of the running time, the values were less stable, with up to 50 percent of the players showing a tendency to a plateau in the relative O2 pulse. In young healthy men in good to excellent aerobic condition, the morphology of the relative O2 pulse curve is consistent up to close to the peak effort for a CPET repeated within a 1-year period. No increase in relative O2pulse at peak effort could represent a physiologic stroke volume limitation in these athletes.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Exercise Tolerance/physiology , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Running/physiology , Soccer/physiology , Stroke Volume/physiology , Body Mass Index , Exercise Test/methods , Heart Rate/physiology , Physical Endurance/physiology , Physical Exertion/physiology , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 41(9): 825-832, Sept. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-492880

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to determine whether training-related alterations in muscle mechanoreflex activation affect cardiac vagal withdrawal at the onset of exercise. Eighteen male volunteers divided into 9 controls (26 ± 1.9 years) and 9 racket players (25 ± 1.9 years) performed 10 s of voluntary and passive movement characterized by the wrist flexion of their dominant and non-dominant limbs. The respiratory cycle was divided into four phases and the phase 4 R-R interval was measured before and immediately following the initiation of either voluntary or passive movement. At the onset of voluntary exercise, the decrease in R-R interval was similar between dominant and non-dominant forearms in both controls (166 ± 20 vs 180 ± 34 ms, respectively; P > 0.05) and racket players (202 ± 29 vs 201 ± 31 ms, respectively; P > 0.05). Following passive movement, the non-dominant forearm of racket players elicited greater changes than the dominant forearm (129 ± 30 vs 77 ± 17 ms; P < 0.05), as well as both the dominant (54 ± 20 ms; P < 0.05) and non-dominant (59 ± 14 ms; P < 0.05) forearms of control subjects. In contrast, changes in R-R interval elicited by the racket players' dominant forearm were similar to that observed in the control group, indicating that changes in R-R interval at the onset of passive exercise were not attenuated in the dominant forearm of racket players. In summary, cardiac vagal withdrawal induced by muscle mechanoreflex stimulation is well-maintained, despite long-term exposure to training.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Baroreflex/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Heart/innervation , Mechanoreceptors/physiology , Racquet Sports/physiology , Vagus Nerve/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Electrocardiography , Heart/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
4.
Braz. j. biol ; 67(3): 421-427, Aug. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470157

ABSTRACT

The germinability of artificially buried Psychotria hoffmansegiana and Palicourea marcagravii seeds in Cerrado soil was tested, with the aim of evaluating whether dispersed seeds may be able to form a soil seed bank. The assays were carried out at a Cerrado Reserve in São Paulo State, Brazil. Seed samples were placed in nylon bags and buried at two different depths and in two different sites. Samples were periodically exhumed and germination tests were performed with both exhumed and dry stored seeds. In general, soil storage favoured seed survival and germination when compared to dry stored seeds. The seed germination was little affected by soil depth and by burial environment. Seeds of both species remained viable for at least 13 months, considering the time lapse between the collection and the end of the germination tests. It was suggested that both species can potentially form a persistent soil seed bank in Cerrado.


Observou-se a germinabilidade de sementes de Psychotria hoffmansegiana e Palicourea marcagravii enterradas em solo de Cerrado, buscando-se avaliar o potencial de formação de banco de sementes no solo. Ensaios foram realizados em uma Reserva de Cerrado, São Paulo, Brasil. Amostras de sementes foram colocadas em sacos de tela de nylon e enterradas em duas profundidades, e em dois ambientes. Amostras eram periodicamente desenterradas e submetidas a teste de germinação, juntamente com sementes armazenadas em laboratório. Em geral, o armazenamento no solo favoreceu a sobrevivência e a capacidade de germinação das sementes, em comparação com sementes armazenadas em laboratório. A germinação foi pouco afetada pela profundidade de enterramento e pelo ambiente. Sementes de ambas as espécies conservaram a viabilidade por 13 meses, considerando-se o período entre a coleta e o final dos testes de germinação. É sugerido que ambas as espécies são potencialmente capazes de formar banco de sementes persistente no solo do Cerrado.


Subject(s)
Germination/physiology , Psychotria/growth & development , Soil , Seeds/growth & development , Time Factors
5.
Braz. j. biol ; 66(2b): 709-717, May 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-433156

ABSTRACT

A regeneração de comunidades vegetais depende em grande parte da capacidade das sementes de se conservarem viáveis no solo. Estudou-se a viabilidade e germinação de sementes de Psychotria vellosiana manualmente enterradas no cerrado, com o objetivo de se conhecer alguns aspectos fisio-ecológicos de sementes dispersas, bem como seu potencial em formar banco de sementes no solo. Amostras de sementes foram colocadas em invólucros de tela de nylon e enterradas no solo do cerrado, em duas profundidades e em dois ambientes diferentes. As sementes enterradas eram periodicamente recuperadas e testadas quanto à sua germinação, juntamente com sementes armazenadas a seco. Em geral houve uma redução da germinação em função do tempo de armazenamento, seja no solo, seja na estocagem a seco, e em alguns ensaios as sementes exumadas germinaram mais rapidamente do que as armazenadas a seco. Em geral o armazenamento no solo favoreceu a viabilidade de sementes não germinadas, em comparação com as armazenadas a seco, e as sementes conservaram-se viáveis por mais de dez meses. A não germinação de sementes viáveis sugere a ocorrência de dormência e/ou a necessidade de um tempo maior de germinação. Constatou-se que parte das sementes germinou enquanto estavam enterradas, sendo maior a ocorrência no período mais chuvoso. A disponibilidade de água no solo pode ser um fator limitante para a germinação no campo de P. vellosiana, e as sementes podem constituir um banco de sementes persistente, já que sementes dispersas conservaram-se viáveis até o próximo período de dispersão.


Subject(s)
Germination/physiology , Psychotria/growth & development , Soil , Seeds/growth & development , Seasons , Time Factors
6.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 23(12): 1259-62, 1990. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-103653

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the relative influence of the two branches of the autonomic nervous nervous system on the 4-s exercise test which measures heart rat acceleration at the onset of exercise, 6 healthy male subjects performed the 4-s test under sympathetic blockade with propranolol, parasympathetic blockade with atropine and dual blockade. The magnitude of the 4-s test results (meams ñ SD) was significantly different only between the conditions with and without atropine (1.04 ñ 0.03 vs 1.53 ñ 0.33, respectively), with no differences between the control (1.60 ñ 0.25) and the test under sympathetic blockade (1.51 ñ 0.33). These results support the conclusion that the 4-s exercise test is a specific method for the evaluation of parasympathetic activity


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Atropine/pharmacology , Exercise Test/drug effects , Propranolol/pharmacology , Analysis of Variance , Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Heart Rate
8.
J. bras. urol ; 9(2): 93-101, 1983.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-16313

ABSTRACT

Os autores estudando as repercussoes imediatas da RTU da prostata,empregando o modelo experimental de Trindade e col.(1976) e o manitol a 5% como liquido de irrigacao concluiram que: a) A RTU sem perfuracao nao provocou alteracoes importantes das variaveis estudadas, exceto pela queda de hemoglobina sanguinea. b) A RTU com perfuracao ocasionou elevacao transitoria da frequencia cardiaca e queda do sodio plasmatico que foi interpretada como secundaria a perda desse eletrolito nos locais de extravasamento. Houve tambem neste grupo elevacao do potassio plasmatico


Subject(s)
Male , Animals , Dogs , Prostate , Blood Volume , Hemodynamics , Mannitol
9.
J. bras. urol ; 9(4): 153-9, 1983.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-18763

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de avaliar as repercussoes imediatas da RTU da prostata em funcao renal e no fluxo e composicao da linfa, empregaram-se o modelo de RTU no cao (Trindade e col., 1974) e o manitol a 5% como liquido de irrigacao. Para estudar separadamente as repercussoes dependentes exclusivamente da RTU nao complicada e aquelas decorrentes da perfuracao da capsula prostatica, com extravasamento do liquido de irrigacao, os animais foram distribuidos em 3 grupos experimentais: (1) controle, (2) ressecado e (3) perfurado. A RTU com e sem perfuracao causou elevacao do potassio da linfa, que foi atribuida a hiponatremia acentuada e ao trauma cirurgico provocado nesses animais. Nao foi possivel demonstrar repercussoes em parametros de funcao renal dependentes da RTU com ou sem perfuracao da capsula prostatica


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Lymph , Oliguria , Prostate
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 41(1): 37-45, 1983. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-16816

ABSTRACT

Como objetivo de avaliar a constancia de variaveis cardiorrespiratorias selecionadas em um exercicio submaximo prolongado, 11 homens assintomaticos, entre 21 e 35 anos, submeteram-se a 2 testes em bicicleta ergometrica. No primeiro, foram determinados os valores ergoespirometricos maximos e no segundo os individuos pedalaram durante 40 min ininterruptos, com medidas continuas de Ve, VO2, FC, FR, VC, VE/VO2 e VO2/FC, em uma carga igual a 80% daquela na qual foi detectado o limiar anaerobico no teste maximo. Pelo menos 3 dias separaram a realizacao dos 2 testes. Para efeito de analise estatistica foram consideradas as medidas obtidas a cada 5 min. Com excecao do pulso de 02 (VO2/FC), a ANOVA evidenciou diferencas para todas as variaveis estudadas (p < 0,05).Foram determinadas as equacoes de regressao e os coeficientes de correlacao destas variaveis, em funcao do tempo (ex: FC igual 0,61167 t(min) + 144, 25; r igual 0,9604; t igual 8,44 (p < 0,05). O metodo dos contrastes de Scheffe, usado para comparar os valores obtidos nas duas metades do teste, mostrou diferencas significativas para FC, VO2, VE e FR (p < 0,05). Estes dados mostram que, em um esforco submaximo prolongado, a maioria das variaveis cardiorrespiratorias nao atinge equilibrio aos 5 min e questionam a validade de usar FC aos 5 ou 6 min ("steady-state") em carga submaxima, para o calculo indireto do VO2 maximo, por meio de nomogramas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Heart Rate , Exercise Test , Respiratory Function Tests
13.
J. bras. urol ; 6(3): 187-9, jul.-set. 1980. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-100075

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam um caso de ureterite cística unilateral, que evoluiu obstruindo o ureter e ocasionado hidronefrose com perda de funçäo renal. A urografia excretora mostrou exclusäo renal e a pielografia ascendente, estenose ureteral com falhas de enchimento e uretero-hidronefrose a montante. Com hipótese de tumor ureteral, foi realizada nefrureterectomia, vindo o exame anatomopatológico diagnosticar ureterite cística


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Cysts/surgery , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis , Ureter/pathology
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