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1.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 74(1): 31-35, abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-713535

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La incidencia de reoperación posadenoidectomía, ya sea una segunda adenoidectomía o una amigdalectomía, no es conocida en nuestro medio. Publicaciones extranjeras muestran 2% de readenoidectomías y 8% de amigdalectomías posteriores. Objetivo: Describir las adenoidectomías efectuadas en nuestro centro, evaluar la prevalencia de reoperaciones y buscar posibles factores asociados a éstas. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo y analítico. Se revisaron fichas de pacientes adenoidectomizados por roncopatía con pausas respiratorias entre enero de 1999 y diciembre 2010. Se registraron datos demográficos, controles y nasofaringolaringoscopías (NFL). Se consignaron las reoperaciones (readenoidectomías y amigdalectomías). Resultados: Se revisaron 106 fichas. Un 55,7% de los pacientes eran hombres. A la NFL, 42% de los pacientes tenían adenoides grado 3y 58% grado 4 de Parikh. Un 5,6% de los pacientes fueron reoperados (1 adenoidectomía y 5 adenoamigdalectomías). Se observó diferencia significativa en edad (p =0,04) y tamaño amigdalino (p =0,004) entre los reoperados y lo no reoperados. No hubo asociación por sexo (p =0,45), asma (p =0,31) ni rinitis (p =0,18). Sin embargo, a la regresión logística multivariada, ninguna variable se asoció significativamente de manera independiente con la necesidad de reoperación. Conclusión: La prevalencia de reoperaciones fue similar a la publicada, no encontrándose asociación con otros factores.


Introduction: The incidence of post-adenoidectomy reoperation, be it a second adenoidectomy or a tonsillectomy, is unknown within our environment. Foreign publications show a 2% of re-adenoidectomies and an 8% of ulterior tonsillectomies. Aim: To describe the adenoidectomies performed at our center, to assess the prevalence of reoperations, and to seek possible associated factors to the latter. Material y method: Descriptive and analytical retrospective assessment. A review was performed of records for patients that between January of 1999 and December of 2010 underwent adenoidectomy on account of snoring pathology. Demographics, controls, nasopharyngolaryngoscopies and reoperations (re-adenoidectomies and tonsillectomies) were recorded. Results: The review entailed checking 106 records. 55,7% of patients were men. 42% of patients had Parikh?s Grade III adenoids and 58% showed Grade IV ones. 5,6% of patients underwent reoperation. A significant difference could be observed in age (p=0,04) and tonsillar size (p=0,004) between those that had and had not undergone reoperation. There was no gender association (p=0,45), neither for asthma (p=0,31) or rhinitis (p=0,18). Yet, by multivariate logistic regression, no variable was significantly associated by itself to the need for reoperation. Conclusion: Reoperation prevalence was similar to that published, and no association to other factors was discovered.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Reoperation/statistics & numerical data , Tonsillectomy/statistics & numerical data , Adenoidectomy/statistics & numerical data , Adenoids/surgery , Adenoids/pathology , Hoarseness/etiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Airway Obstruction/etiology , Hyperplasia
2.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 71(3): 231-236, dic. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-612125

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El síndrome de apnea e hipoapnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) es una patología altamente prevalente y se asocia a importante comorbilidad cardiovascular. Su etiología es multifactorial. Dentro de las opciones terapéuticas, la cirugía de la vía aérea superior es una alternativa efectiva en casos seleccionados. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia del Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile en cirugía de pacientes con diagnóstico de SAHOS. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Se analizan fichas clínicas, antecedentes demográficos y mórbidos, polisomnografía (PSG), tipo de cirugía, puntaje de Epworth pre y posoperatorio, estadía hospitalaria, complicaciones y seguimiento. Resultados: De un total de 71 pacientes (87 por ciento de sexo masculino, edad promedio de 44 años), el 88 por ciento por ciento tiene diagnóstico preoperatorio de sobrepeso u obesidad. Al 67 por ciento por ciento de los pacientes se les realizó PSG, en el 64 por ciento por ciento de ellas se demostró un SAHOS moderado a severo. En el 97 por ciento por ciento de los casos se realizó uvulopalatoplastía con radiofrecuencia (UPP), en el 62 por ciento por ciento septoplastía (SP) y en el 50 por ciento por ciento amigdalectomía. En el 98 por ciento por ciento de los pacientes se asociaron 2 a 4 técnicas, destacando la SP más UPP como la combinación más frecuente (15,45 por ciento por ciento). El promedio de estadía hospitalaria fue de 1,09 días. Sólo el 7 por ciento de los pacientes presentó complicaciones. El seguimiento promedio fue de 3,05 meses. Discusión: El rol de la cirugía es eliminar el colapso de la vía aérea superior, lo que se logra en la mayoría de los pacientes usando técnicas asociadas. Conclusión: La indicación de cirugía en SAHOS debiera combinar diferentes técnicas dependiendo de la localización anatómica de la obstrucción y el tipo de paciente a intervenir.


Introduction: The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease and is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity. Its etiology is multifactorial. Among the therapeutic options, surgery of the upper airway is an effective alternative in selected cases. Aim: To describe the experience of the Otorhinolaryngology Service of Hospital of the University of Chile in surgery of patients with OSA. Material and method: Retrospective descriptive study. We analyzed clinical and morbid records, demographic background, polysomnography (PSG), type of surgery, pre and post surgical Epworth scores, hospital stay, complications and follow-up. Results: Of a total of 71 patients (87 percent male, average age of 44 years), 88 percent had a preoperative diagnosis of overweight or obesity. 67 percent of patients were done a PSG, 64 percent of them showed a moderate to severe OSA. 97 percent of patients underwent radiofrequency uvulopalatoplasty (UPP), 62 percent septoplasty (SP) and 50 percent tonsillectomy. In 98 percent of patients, 2 to 4 associated techniques were used, highlighting the association of UPP plus SP as the most frequent combination (15.45 percent percent). The average hospital stay was 1.09 days. Only 7 percent percent of patients had complications. The average follow-up time was 3.05 months. Discussion: The role of surgery is to remove the collapse of the upper airway, which is achieved in most patients using associated techniques. Conclusion: Surgery for OSA should include different techniques combination, anatomical location of obstruction and patient's profile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/surgery , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Nutritional Status , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Polysomnography , Length of Stay , Body Mass Index
3.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 22(2): 114-119, 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-613259

ABSTRACT

Introduction: radiotherapy (RT) is a major part of the treatment of head and neck cancer, but it can produce skin fibrosis and other complications. Fibrosis is produced by an increase of the fibroblasts (FB) and extra-cellular matrix proteins. TGF-b is one of the several factors implied in FB proliferation, and it is the most important element in the development of radiation fibrosis. Temporality of radiation fibrosis: there are two successive stages in the fibrosis development. An actively inflammatory with high TGF-b1 secretion one, and a second stage characterized by hypo-cellularity and low TGF-b1 secretion. TGF-b: an induction of TGF-b1 and its mRNA in animals skin during the first hours post irradiation have been demonstrated. By studying surgical skin biopsies post RT and fibrotic tissues post exposure to radiation, it was observed overexpression of TGF-b1. Discussion: there is a lot of new knowledge of the molecular process implied in radiation skin fibrosis. A future goal is to potentiate this information to improve our tools in prevention and treatment of fibrosis in patients that undergone RT because of cance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism , Fibrosis/chemically induced , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy/adverse effects
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