ABSTRACT
Context: we summarized findings from Tehran lipid and glucose study [TLGS] about different aspects of type 2 diabetes [T2D] over the span of nearly 2 decades
Evidence Acquisition: a review was undertaken to retrieve papers related to all aspects of T2D from the earliest date available up to January 30, 2018
Results: an annual crude incidence rate of 10 per 1000 person-years of follow-up was found for T2D in adult participants. Overall incidence rate of pre-diabetes/T2D was 36.3 per 1000 person-years or about 1% each year among youth. Diabetes was associated with increased risk of CVD[hazard ratio [HR]: 1.86, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.57 - 2.27] and mortality [HR: 2.56; 95% CI: 2.08 - 3.16] in the total population. Compared with non-diabetic men and women, their diabetic counterparts survived 1.4 and 0.7 years shorter, respectively, during 15 years of follow-up. Wrist circumference, hyperinsulinaemia, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and increase in alanin aminotranferase provided incremental prognostic information beyond the traditional risk factors for incident T2D in adults. Using decision tree algorithms, a number of high risk groups were found for incident T2D. A probability of 84% was found for incidence of T2D among a group of men with fasting plasma glucose [FPG] > 5.3 mmol/L and waist to height ratio [WHtR] > 0.56, and women with FPG > 5.2 mmol/L and WHtR > 0.56
Conclusions: original TLGS studies have contributed greatly to clarify important evidence regarding the epidemiology and risk factors for T2D among Iranian population
ABSTRACT
Context: dyslipidemia, including elevated serum total cholesterol [TC], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and triglycerides [TG], and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] is a major modifiable risk factor for non-communicable diseases [NCDs]. This review summarizes many of the key findings on lipid measures in the Tehran lipid and glucose study [TLGS], a large scale community-based study with an approximately two decade follow-up
Evidence Acquisition: a systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and the library of the Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, using the following keywords: Lipid measures, lipid ratios, lipid profile, dyslipidemia, and "Tehran lipid and glucose study". Articles were categorized based on fields of prevalence, trends, and impact of lipid profile on incident NCDs and mortality
Results: Between 1999 - 2001, the prevalence of high risk lipids ranged from 14% [low HDL-C] to 17% [high LDL-C] among adolescents, although among adults the lowest and highest prevalence were observed for low HDL-C [19%] and high TG [28%]. Despite favorable trends for lipid parameters among adolescents, adults, and the elderly population, a considerable number of diabetic individuals, failed to achieve the optimum level of serum lipids. During follow-up, consumption of lipid lowering drugs increased from 1.5 to 9.0% and 3.7 to 11.4% among adult men and women, respectively. The association between different lipid parameters and related ratios for incident type 2 diabetes [T2D], hypertension, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases differed between genders. Interestingly, each 1-unit increase in TC/HDL-C increased risk of hypertension among women [odds ratio [OR]: 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00 - 1.27] and T2D among men [OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06 - 1.51]. Moreover, TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, Ln-TG, TC/HDL-C, and Ln- TG/HDL were inversely associated with non-cardiovascular mortality
Conclusions: despite high prevalence of high risk lipid profiles among the TLGS population at baseline, favorable trends were observed in levels of all lipid components, which might be attributable to increased consumption of lipid-lowering medications and improvement in the general knowledge of Iranians regarding limited consumption of hydrogenated oil. Considering the impact of lipid profiles on incident NCDs, more attention should be paid to at-risk groups for screening and treatment purposes
ABSTRACT
Background: a country's developmental progress and overall changes in socio-economic structure are reflected in the outcome of secular trend studies on physical growth of children. The aim of this study was to compare anthropometric and biochemical indices of adolescent boys and girls born during and after the Iran-Iraq war
Methods: adolescents, aged 11 - 18 years, were selected from the TLGS cohort and divided into two groups. In the first group, adolescents born during the war and in the second group adolescents born after the war were included. Height, weight, serum lipids, FBS, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and BMI were compared amongst adolescents of the same ages between the two groups
Results: mean weight and height increased at the ages of 12, 13, 14, and 17 years in boys of the post-war group. The mean weight of girls in the post-war group increased at the ages of 11, 13, and 14 years. Between 11 - 14 years, the means for total and LDL cholesterol, and between the ages of 15 - 18 years FBS, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased in boys of the post-war group. For girls between the ages of 11 - 14, FBS, total cholesterol, TG and LDL cholesterol, and between the ages of 15 - 18 years, FBS, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased in the post-war group. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased at all ages in both groups
Conclusion: this study showed that some anthropometric indices such as height and weight increased in boys who were born after the war; but in girls, the mean weight in the age groups increased. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and some lipid profiles decreased in boys and girls of the post-war group