effect of propofol administration on the intraocular pressure

The use of propofol [2, 6, -diisoproylphenol] as an induction agent for general anaesthesia, has been reported to be smooth, without major adverse effects and associated with smooth recovery[1]. Previous studies have shown that its use is also associated with significant reduction in intraocular pressure [IOP][2]. In addition its use is beneficial in attenuating the rise in IOP assocaited with tracheal intubation. This study was undertaken to define the effects of propofol on IOP of normal and glucomatus eye when given as a single bolus dose of 2 mg Kg[1] intravenously followed by atracurium of intubation

Hazards of ventilation during early separation from total cardiopulmonary bypass

The effect of pulmonary ventilation upon systemic arterial blood gases during cardiopulmonary bypass in presence of left ventricular ejection was evaluated in 20 adult male patients undergoing aortic vlave replacement. Following rewarming, establishment of a sinus rhythm, and production of pulse pressure of at least 20 mm Hg on the artirial pressure trace caused by left ventricular ejection, arterial blood gases were obtained from artirial and venous extracorporeal circuit and radial arterial cannula. Patients were divided into a non ventilated [n=10] or a ventilated [n=10] group. The ventilated group was given 10 breaths/min. with 100 oxygen at a tidal volume of 10 ml/kg. After 5 minutes the arterial blood gas data were again obtained. significant findings [p<0.05] include decrease in systemic carbon dioxide tension and increase in systemic pH in the ventilated group and decrease in systemic oxygen tension in the non-ventilated group. Although the changes in the arterial blood gases were significant. These changes occurred well within the limit of clinical acceptability. It is concluded that left ventricular ejection for short periods during full cardiopulmonary bypass does not necessitate pulmonary ventilation

Clinical comparison of atracurium and vecuronium for short surgical in procedures day case patients

Atracurium and Vecuronium were compared in equipotent [2 x ED[95]] doses on 30 patients undergoing short opertions of a day case requiring endotracheal intubation. In the atracurium group, first twitch depression was significantly greater at one minute and degree of fade significantly greater at one and two minutes, but there after neuromuscular monitoring showed no significant difference between the groups. Clinically there was no significant difference between the drugus. Mild intraoperative hypotension was equally common in both groups as was sinus bradycardia. Reversal and recovery were comparable in the two groups. Neostigmine was required in all patients and in three [one atracurium, two vecuronium] a second dose was administered on clinical grounds. Antagonism of the neuromuscular block is required with surgery of this duration despite the intermediate duration of action of the relaxant drugs

Cardiovascular effects of anloxone [experimental evaluation]

This work is an evaluation of possible haemodynamic effects of naloxone. The work was done on isolated perfused heart of rabbit, blood vessels of isolated rat hind limb and anaesthetized dogs. Injection of naloxone in concentration of 1 and 2 ug/ml increased force of myocardial conractility of rabbit's heart, while higher concentration of 4 ug/ml produced arrhythmia. Experiments on perfused blood vessels of isolated rat hind limb demonstrated that naloxone produced no effect on peripheral vascular resistance. While experiments on anaesthetized dogs showed that naloxone in a dose of 10 ug/kg produced significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure [P < 0.05] with no change in heart rate. Injection of naloxone in doses of 20 ug/kg and 40 ug/kg produced different types of ventricular arrhythmias. The increase in blood pressure following naloxone was produced primarily by an improvement in myocardial contractility