ABSTRACT
Objective: Poly [2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphoryl choline [MPC]-co-n-buthyl methacrylate [BMA]-co-p-nitrophenyl-oxycrabonyl poly ethylene glycol-methacrylate [MEONP]] [PMBN], a biocompatible terpolymer, is a unique polymer with applications that range from drug delivery systems [DDS] to scaffolds and biomedical devices. In this research, we have prepared a monomer of p-nitrophenyl-oxycarbonyl poly [ethylene glycol] methacrylate [MEONP] to synthesize this polymer. Next, we designed and prepared a smart, water soluble, amphiphilic PMBN polymer composed of MPC, BMA, and MEONP
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, we dissolved MPC [4 mmol, 40% mole fraction], BMA [5 mmol, 50% mole fraction], and MEONP [1 mmol, 10% mole fraction] in 20 ml of dry ethanol in two necked flasks equipped with inlet-outlet gas. The structural characteristics of the synthesized monomer and polymer were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [FT-IR], proton nuclear magnetic resonance [H-NMR], dynamic light scattering [DLS], gel permeation chromatography [GPC], scanning electron microscope [SEM], and transmission electron microscope [TEM] analyses for the first time. We treated the polymer with two different cell lines to determine its biocompatibility
Results: FT-IR and H-NMR analyses confirmed the synthesis of the polymer. The size of polymer was approximately 40 nm with a molecular weight [MW] of 52 kDa, which would be excellent for a nano carrier. Microscopic analyses showed that the polymer was rod-shaped. This polymer had no toxicity for individual cells
Conclusion: We report here, for the first time, the full properties of the PMBN polymer. The approximately 40 nm size with an acceptable zeta potential range of -8.47, PDI of 0.1, and rod-shaped structure indicated adequate parameters of a nanopolymer for nano bio-applications. We used this polymer to design a new smart nano carrier to treat leukemia stem cells based on a target DDS as a type of bio-application
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate a co-encapsulated pegylated nano-liposome system based on two herbal anti-tumor drugs, silibinin and glycyrrhizic acid, for delivery to a hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] cell line [HepG2]
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, co-encapsulated nano-liposomes by the thin layer film hydration method with HEPES buffer and sonication at 60% amplitude. Liposomes that co-encapsulated silibinin and glycyrrhizic acid were prepared with a specified molar ratio of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine [DPPC], cholesterol [CHOL], and methoxy-polyethylene glycol 2000 [PEG2000]-derived distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine [mPEG2000-DSPE]. We used the MTT technique to assess cytotoxicity for various concentrations of co-encapsulated nano-liposomes, free silibinin [25% w/v] and glycyrrhizic acid [75% w/v] on HepG2 and fibroblast cell lines over a 48-hour period
Results: Formulation of pegylated nano-liposomes showed a narrow size distribution with an average diameter of 46.3 nm. The encapsulation efficiency [EE] for silibinin was 24.37%, whereas for glycyrrhizic acid it was 68.78%. Results of in vitro cytotoxicity showed significantly greater co-encapsulated nano-liposomes on the HepG2 cell line compared to the fibroblast cell line. The half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] for co-encapsulated pegylated nanoliposomal herbal drugs was 48.68 microg/ml and free silibinin with glycyrrhizic acid was 485.45 microg/ml on the HepG2 cell line
Conclusion: This in vitro study showed that nano-liposome encapsulation of silibinin with glycyrrhizic acid increased the biological activity of free drugs, increased the stability of silibinin, and synergized the therapeutic effect of silibinin with glycyrrhizic acid. The IC50 of the co-encapsulated nano-liposomes was lower than the combination of free silibinin and glycyrrhizic acid on the HepG2 cell line