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1.
Rev. bras. saúde matern. infant ; 5(4): 457-462, out.-dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-428214

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: descrever as características clínicas dos pacientes com hiperfenilalaninemia acompanhados no Serviço de Referência em Triagem Neonatal (SRTN) do estado da Bahia. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo transversal, tendo como amostra todos os pacientes com diagnóstico conhecido de Hiperfenilalaninemia residentes no estado da Bahia e acompanhados no SRTN até setembro de 2005. Tal população é composta de 46 famílias, num total de 51 pacientes. A análise dos dados foi descritiva, incluindo medidas de tendência central e dispersão. RESULTADOS: houve discreto predomínio do gênero feminino (52,9 por cento). A maioria dos pacientes (78,4 por cento) teve seu diagnóstico estabelecido através da triagem neonatal, tendo, portanto, tratamento precoce. Consangüinidade foi registrada em 32,6 por cento das famílias. A média de início do tratamento entre os pacientes diagnosticados pela triagem neonatal foi de 56,6 37,8 dias, enquanto que entre os pacientes com diagnóstico tardio, foi de 7,1 anos. CONCLUSÕES: o estudo descreve um grupo de pacientes representativo de uma patologia incluída no Programa Nacional de Triagem Neonatal (PNTN), sendo, portanto, de relevância para a saúde pública. Entre os dados clínicos, chama a atenção a média de idade do início do tratamento, superior ao recomendado na literatura, alertando para a necessidade de um maior enfoque no diagnóstico precoce.


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Humans , Blood Specimen Collection , Foot , Phenylketonurias/diagnosis , Neonatal Screening , Clinical Chemistry Tests , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 9(1)Feb. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-404312

ABSTRACT

In the few cases of acute childhood diarrhea that require antimicrobial therapy, the correct choice of the drug depends on detailed previous knowledge of local strains. In order to establish such parameters in our city, we reviewed the results of all 260 positive stool cultures of children between 0 and 15 years of age during two years at a pediatric tertiary care facility in Salvador, Brazil. Bacterial strains had been presumptively identified by culturing in selective media and by biochemical testing, and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were automatically detected by the MicroScan Walkaway System. Data about patients' sex and age, monthly distribution of the cases, pathogens isolated and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were recorded. Males corresponded to 55.4 percent of our sample, and most of our patients (42.7 percent) were between one and four years of age. Shigella was the commonest pathogen, being found in 141 (54.3 percent) cultures, while Salmonella was found in 100 (38.4 percent) cultures and Enteropathogenic E. coli in 19 (7.3 percent). Salmonella was the main causal agent of diarrhea in children younger than five years old, whereas Shigella was the most frequent pathogen isolated from the stools of children between five and 15 years old. The peaks of incidence correspond to the periods of school vacations. Shigella specimens presented a very high resistance rate to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (90.1 percent) and to ampicillin (22.0 percent), while Salmonella presented very low resistance rates to all drugs tested. These data are useful for practitioners and they reinforce the need for continuous microbiological surveillance.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Diarrhea/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Acute Disease , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Incidence , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Seasons , Salmonella/drug effects , Shigella/drug effects
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