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1.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 15(supl.2): 3109-3123, out. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-562853

ABSTRACT

This study aims to review epidemiologic evidence of the association between exposure to chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) and congenital anomalies. All epidemiologic studies that evaluated a relationship between an index of DBP exposure and risk of congenital anomalies were analyzed. For all congenital anomalies combined, the meta-analysis gave a statistically significant excess risk for high versus low exposure to water chlorination or TTHM (17 percent; 95 percent CI, 3-34) based on a small number of studies. The meta-analysis also suggested a statistically significant excess risk for ventricular septal defects (58 percent; 95 percent CI, 21-107), but based on only three studies, and there was little evidence of an exposure-response relationship. It was observed no statistically significant relationships in the other meta-analyses and little evidence for publication bias, except for urinary tract defects and cleft lip and palate. Although some individual studies have suggested an association between chlorination disinfection by-products and congenital anomalies, meta-analyses of all currently available studies demonstrate little evidence of such association.


O objetivo deste estudo é revisar evidências epidemiológicas da associação entre a exposição a subprodutos da desinfecção com cloro (DBPs) e anomalias congênitas. Todos os estudos epidemiológicos que avaliaram a relação entre o índice de exposição a DBPs e o risco de anomalias congênitas foram analisados. Para todas as anomalias congênitas combinadas, a meta-análise resultou em um risco de excesso estatisticamente significante para alta versus baixa exposição à cloração da água ou ao TTHM (17 por cento; 95 por cento CI, 3-34) baseado em um pequeno número de estudos. A meta-análise também sugere um excesso de risco estatisticamente significante para defeitos septais ventriculares (58 por cento; 95 por cento CI, 21-107), porém com base em apenas três estudos, nos quais se encontrou pouca evidência na relação exposição-resposta. Não foram observadas relações estatisticamente significantes em outras meta-análises e pouca evidência para uma tendência de publicação, com exceção de defeitos no trato urinário e fissura labiopalatal. Apesar de alguns estudos individuais sugerirem uma associação entre subprodutos da desinfecção com cloro e anomalias congênitas, as meta-análises de todos os estudos disponíveis atualmente demonstraram pouca evidência de tal associação.

2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-124247

ABSTRACT

Previous publications have clearly demonstrated that hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A [HMG-CoA] reductase activity of Schistosoma mansoni is vital for parasite reproductive activity and that drugs which inhibit this enzyme have been found to be effective antischistosomal agents. In this report we describe the expression and purification of enzymatically active schistosome HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. The recombinant protein was tested, in parallel with the mammalian enzyme, against well-known mammalian HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors obtained from various pharmaceutical companies. We demonstrated that there were significant differences in the response of the two proteins to an array of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. The difference in the characteristics between mammalian and schistosome enzyme could be exploited for rational drug design.


Subject(s)
Animals , Catalytic Domain , Humans , Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases/drug effects , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/chemistry , Recombinant Proteins , Schistosoma mansoni/enzymology
3.
Burma Med J ; 1960; 8(2): 57-58
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-125822

Subject(s)
Drug Therapy , Neoplasms
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