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Objective To investigate the correlation between urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) level and carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled consecutively.According to the findings of carotid artery ultrasound,they were divided into either a non-plaque group or a plaque group,and then the plaque group was redivided into a stable plaque subgroup and an unstable plaque subgroup.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of urinary 8-iso-PGF2α.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used to investigate the relationship between 8-iso-PGF2α and carotid artery plaques.Results A total of 150 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,including 104 had carotid artery plaque (30 were stable plaques and 74 were unstable plaques) and 46 had no carotid artery plaque.The urinary 8-iso-PGF2α level (86.45 ± 6.20 ng/mmol creatinine vs.45.70 ±6.19 ng/mmol creatinine; t =37.136,P=0.001) and intima-media thickness (IMT) (2.89 ± 1.03 mm vs.0.86 ±0.53 mm; t =3.518,P =0.002) in the plaque group were significantly higher than those in the nonplaque group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urinary 8-iso-PGF2α level (odds ratio [OR] 1.183,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.087-1.276; P=0.001) and IMT (OR 28.642,95％ CI 8.276-137.231; P =0.001) were the independent risk factors for carotid artery plaque.Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between urinary 8-iso-PGF2α level and carotid artery IMT (r =0.075,P =0.264).The urinary 8-iso-PGF2α level of the unstable plaque subgroup was significantly higher than that of the stable plaque subgroup (97.30 ± 7.20 ng/mmol creatinine vs.69.17 ±9.25 ng/mmol creatinine; t =16.506,P =0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urinary 8-iso-PGF2α level (OR 4.652,95％ CI 1.732-12.643; P =0.001) was an independent risk factor for unstable plaque.Conelusions The urinary 8-iso-PGF2α level is associated with the existence of carotid atherosclerotie plaque and instability,its increased level is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque instability in patients with ischemic stroke.
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Objective To investigate the effects of cognitive therapy combined with picture recognition training on depression after stroke (PSD).Methods Sixty patients with PSD after cerebral infarction were randomized into study and control groups.All accepted routine rehabilitation therapy.In addition,the study group accepted cognitive therapy combined with picture recognition training.The effects were assessed in terms of average reaction time and accuracy in picture recognition,and using the Hamilton depression rating scales (HAMDs) and the Barthel index (BI) before and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results The average reaction time and accuracy in picture recognition and the HAMD and BI scores improved significantly in both groups.The effects in the study group were significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusion Cognitive therapy combined with picture recognition training can alleviate depression symptoms and improve ability in the activities of daily living after stroke.
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Objective To investigate the correlations between the hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) content and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region as well as the spatial memory impairment in a rat model of vascular dementia (VaD).Methods Forty male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into either a VaD group or a sham operation group (n =20 in each group).A VaD model was induced by intermittently clipping common carotid artery.Microdialysis was used to collect dialysis solutions in rat hippocampus.High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis was used to detect the ACh content in the dialysis fluid.Morris water maze test was used to test their learning and memory abilities.TUNEL staining was used to detect neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region.Results Microdialysis analysis showed that the ACh content in the hippocampus in the VaD group was significantly lower than that in the sham operation group (0.442 ± 0.028 μmmol/L vs.1.560 ± 0.092 μ mmol/L; t =51.697,P =0.000).TUNEL staining showed that the apoptosis rate in the hippocampal CA1 region in the VaD group was significantly higher than that in the sham operation group (55.652％ ±2.051％ vs.6.530％ ± 1.872％ ; t =79.114,P=0.000).The escape latencies at different detection time points were prolonged significantly (At day 3:49.713 ± 18.161 s vs.13.322 ± 2.454 s; t =-8.881,P =0.000; at day 4:34.368 ± 7.424 s vs.10.503±1.415 s; t=-14.121,P=0.000; at day 5:30.676± 6.669s vs.7.311± 1.534 s; t=-15.270,P =0.000),and the numbers of cross platform were reduced significantly (3.768 ± 1.072 vs.10.218 ± 1.165; t =18.224,P=0.000).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ACh contents in the VaD group were negatively correlated with the escape latencies (at day 3:r =-0.476,P =0.034; at day 4:r=-0.700,P=0.001; at day 5:r=-0.693,P=0.001).They were positively correlated with the numbers of cross platform (r =0.689,P =0.001),and negatively correlated with the neuronal apoptosis rates in the hippocampal CA1 region (r =-0.271,P =0.031).Conclusions The decreased ACh content,the increased neuronal apoptosis rate in the rat hippocampal CA1 region in the VaD model may be one of the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in VaD rats.
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ObjectiveTo explore the expression of hemopoietin(EPO) mRNA on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats brain tissue and the effect of Tongxinluo on it.Methods The model of rat (MCAO) were perfused with Tongxinluo,the changes of neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation related cell factors of EPO mRNA were detected after ischemia-reperfusion injury 3、5、7、14 d by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).ResultsEPO mRNA of ischemia-reperfusion models showed expression in different period,the expression enhanced in the third day,reached the highest in the fifth day; the ischemia side EPO mRNA expression enhanced in the third day after give Tongxinluo,in the 5,7 and 14 day,PCR expression gray values were higher than the model group.ConclusionEPO mRNA expression enhanced after cerebral ischemia,this expression can be strengthened by Tongxinluo,and may further induce neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Objective To establish a standardized middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model with suture method in rabbits and to investigate the value of the assessment for cerebral ischemia with amplitudeintegrated electroencephalogram (aEEG).Methods A total of 34 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to either an MCAO group (n =29) or a sham operation goup (n =5).A model of MCAO was induced with intraluminal suture method and the cerebral function monitor was performed.According to 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining,the MCAO group was further divided into cortex + basal ganglia infarction,basal ganglia infarction,subarachnoid hemorrhage,and non-lesion subgroups.The differences among the physiological indicators,weight,thread end diameter,and insertion length were compared before and after modeling in all subgroups.Results The success rate of MCAO modeling with suture method in rabbits was 62.07％ (18/29),in which 37.93％ (11/29) involved in the cortex and basal ganglia,24.38％ (7/29) only involved in the basal ganglia,17.24％ (5/29) complicated by subarachnoid hemorrhage,and 20.69％ (6/29) had no infarction.There were no significant differences in the body temperature,heart rate,mean arterial pressure and arterial blood pH,oxygen partial pressure,and CO2 partial pressure among all the subgroups before and after modeling.The weight in the non-lesion subgroup was 2.36 ± 0.10 kg,it was significantly lower than 2.55 ± 0.09 kg in the cortex + basal ganglia infarction subgroup (P =0.001) and 2.50 ± 0.12 kg in the basal ganglia infarction subgroup (P =0.017).The length of suture placement in the cortex+basal ganglia infarction subgroup was 5.59 ± 0.24 cm,and it was significantly less than 6.00 ± 0.50 cm in the subarachnoid hemorrhage subgroup (P =0.036).However,it was significantly longer than 5.20 ± 0.50 cm in the non-lesion subgroup (P =0.033).After modeling there were significant differences in aEEG among all subgroups (F =14.059,P =0.000).Compared to before modeling,aEEG decreased 50.02％ (t =9.573,P ＜ 0.001) and 14.20％ respectively after modeling in the cortex + basal ganglia infarction subgroup and the ganglia infarction subgroup (t =2.908,P =0.027).Conclusions A standardized MCAO model in rabbits may be successfully established with suture method.The significantly decreased aEEG indicates that the MCAO model is successful and the lesions involve in the cortex.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of the relative band power(RBP) of EEG in acute focal cerebral ischemia (AFCI). Methods EEG monitoring was performed in 20 patients with AFCI (51 lesions) in neurological intensive care unit (NICU) and 20 patients with normal EEG (control group) in NICU. The changes of bilateral RBP were observed and analyzed comparatively. RBP in the infarction group was compared with that in the control group. The diagnostic capabilities of all wave-band RBPs were assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results AFCI shoved asymmetry on all the wave-band RBPs. The RBP of of δwave on the lesion side was significantly higher than that on the normal side (P <0.01). RBPs of α, β and θ waves were decreased significantly (P <0.05). RBP of δ wave in the infarction group was increased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.01 ). RBPs of α and β waves were decreased significantly (P <0.01). The diagnostic accuracy of the RBP of α was the highest, and both β and δ waves also had significance for the diagnosis of AFCI. Conclusions RBP had an important significance for the early diagnosis of AFCI. Conclusions RBP had an important significance for the early diagnosis of AFCI.
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Objective To investigate whether there are correlations between working memory impairmentand fractional anisotropy values and to explore the neuropathology underlying that the patients of depression suffered from memory impairment.Methods Thirty depression patients and 30 healthy controls group-matched by age,educational level were conducted the study.Mean correct reaction time(mRT)was recorded when they performed a One-Back Working Memory Task and fractional anisotropy(FA)values was recorded when they performed the diffusion tensor imaging.Statistics analysis was done respectively for mRT and FA values between two groups.Results Relative to mean correct reaction time((612.45±54.08)ms)of controls,the mean correct reaction time ((720.25±57.02)ms)of patients with depression was much longer(P＜0.05)and the patients with depression had a lower FA values in the white matter of both frontal lobe,anterior cingulate gyrus,supramarginal gyrus,splenium of corpus callosum(P＜0.05),and the FA values in the white matter of both frontal lobe were significantly negative correlated with mRT(r=-0.604,P＜0.05).Conclusion The impairment of white matter region may be one of the neuropathology underlying that the depression patients suffer from memory impairment.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Dystrophin gene deletion junction is the unique DNA sequence resulted from illegitimate recombination after the gene deletion. A novel accurate approach is presented here for the detection of deletional pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy carriers with the deletion junctions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) family from Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China was used. Two males in the family were diagnosed as BMD patients, 3 phenotypically normal females and 1 chorionic villi sample of an artificial abortion were waiting for diagnosis. The index patient was identified as exons 3-5 deletion of the dystrophin gene. Then a PCR-based genome-walking method was used to locate the breakpoints in corresponding introns. Finally, deletion junctions of the 6 family members were amplified by PCR with primers adjacent to breakpoints and sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The deletion junctions of all patients and carriers of the BMD family were cloned and sequenced. The 3 females and 1 chorionic tissue were diagnosed as female carriers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In this study researchers have successfully carried out accurate gene diagnosis of deletional pseudohypertrophic carriers by cloning and sequencing the deletion junctions, and explored the prospect of using deletion junctions in prenatal diagnosis of BMD.</p>
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Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Base Sequence , Cloning, Molecular , DNA Mutational Analysis , Gene Deletion , Genetic Carrier Screening , Methods , Molecular Sequence Data , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne , Diagnosis , Genetics , Pedigree , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Prenatal Diagnosis , Recombination, GeneticABSTRACT
AIM: Tongxinluo had showed effects of inducing proliferation and differentiation on neural stem cells in previous observations on animal models. The experiment would investigate the time-effect and dose-effect relationship of Tongxinluo on neurocyte lineage development from rat embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs). METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Functional Science of Southern Medical University from June to October 2007. ①Pregnant rats of 12-14 days were provided by Experimental Animal Center of Southern Medical University. The experiment was performed in strict compliance with all standards for ethics. Tongxinluo contained ginseng, leech, scorpion, ground beetle, centipede, pellicula cicadae, red peony root, borneol and so on. Tongxinluo was produced by Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No. Z19980015. Preparation of serum containing Tongxinluo: 1 g/kg per day Tongxinluo suspension was given by lavage in rats of high-dose Tongxinluo group, and 0.5 g/kg per day in rats of low-dose Tongxinluo group. 7 days later, sera were extracted from all the rats and sterilized with filtrating, followed by separate-loading and cryopreservation at –70 ℃. ②NSCs cultured were separated from 12th-14th day SD rat embryo. The third passage of cells was treated with serum containing Tongxinluo in the high-dose and low-dose Tongxinluo group. Rats were treated with common serum as a control. ③Proportion of various kinds of nerve cells was observed by immunofluorescence staining at days 1, 3 and 7. RESULTS: ①At day 1, there was few cells labeled with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) (+) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (+) in high-dose Tongxinluo group, with rest cells all labeled with BrdU (+) and Nestin (+). While in low-dose Tongxinluo group and control group, all cells were BrdU(+)Nestin(+). ②At day 3, the ratios of cells labeled with Nestin (+), ?tubulin (+) or GFAP (+) differentiated with each other (P 0.05). ③The ratios of NSCs labeled with nestin (+) decreased soon after administered Tongxinluo, and increased after that. The ratios of ?tubulin (+) cells increased in the high-dose Tongxinluo group while increased firstly then decreased in the low-dose Tongxinluo group and control group. The ratios of GFAP (+) cells increased in the low-dose Tongxinluo group and control group while increased firstly then decreased in the high-dose Tongxinluo group. The ratios of GalC (+) cells had no remarkable change in the high-dose and low-dose Tongxinluo group, but increased significantly at day 7 in the control group. CONCLUSION: Tongxinluo may induce proliferation and neuronal differentiation of rat embryonic NSCs with time-effect and dose-effect relationship. The more Tongxinluo is administered, the more significant and permanent effects will be achieved.
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BACKGROUND:Point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) or single-voxel spectroscopy (SVS) is always used in the previous researches of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and its regions of interest are mainly located in focal zones which can be observed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, both of them cannot manifest the changes of focal marginal zone. Contrarily, hydrogen magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can det ect the all regions of brain.OBJECTIVE: To observe the 1H-MRS manifestations of patients with heroin spongiform leucoencephalopathy (HSLE) so as to analyze metabolic regularities of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and bilineurine (Cho) in brain.DESIGN: Case-contrast observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Three HSLE patients including 2 males and 1 female who were diagnosed with clinical imaging were selected from the Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital from August 2005 to August 2006, and all of them were regarded as the case group. In addition, 10 healthy volunteers were regarded as the control group.METHODS: Siemens Megnetom Vision Plus 1.5T superconductive magnetic resonance (MR) system and standard head coil were used in this study, and then, all subjects were checked with 1H-MRS.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels of NAA, Cr and Cho in white matter of frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, metabolic maps of them and ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr.RESULTS: All 13 subjects were involved in the final analysis. ① NAA level: The level of NAA in white matter of frontal,parietal and occipital lobes of case 1 was lower than that of the subjects in the control group (79.50±21.65, 96.75±16.14,77.05±22.47; 146.07±15.49, 117.77±14.56, 120.83±16.02; P ＜ 0.05, 0.01); meanwhile, white matter of parietal lobes of case 2 and case 3 was also lower than that of subjects in the control group (87.50±7.89, 80.65±11.73, P ＜ 0.01). ② Cr level: There were no significant differences of the Cr level of all subjects in both case group and control group (P＞ 0.05).③ Cho level: Except white matter of frontal lobes in case 1, the level of Cho was lower in the case group than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). ④ Ratio of NAA/Cr was lower in the case group than that in the control group, and the radio of Cho/Cr was decreased remarkably. ⑤ Metabolic maps of NAA and Cr manifested a low signal in focal site. ⑥ Ratio of Cho/Cr was obviously reversed in focal marginal zone, but wave of lactic acid was not observed at the same time.CONCLUSION:The area with abnormal metabolites in HSLE patients showed by 1H-MRS is obviously larger than the visible lesion area showed by MRI.There are abnormal metabolites in the adjacent area of HSLE lesions.
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BACKGROUND: Transcranial Doppler(TCD) spectrum analysis techniques cannot measure the diameters of blood vessels and therefore and not be used to calculate the changes of brain blood flow. A formula was designed for regional cerebral blood flow loss index(rCBFLI) following arteriostenosis when arteriostenosis index formula was deduced; the former may provide a reference to assess cerebral function.OBJECTIVE: To introduce the formula of cerebral blood flow loss ratio obtained basing on TCD results.DESIGN: Retrospective controlled study based on patients with cerebral middle arteriostenosis diagnosed with TCD and healthy people.SETTING: At the departments of neurology in a university hospital and in a military medical university affiliated hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Between October 1994 and December 2000,43 patients who were confirmed of arteriostenosis with TCD at outpatient or neurological ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were enrolled into this study,and their TCD results were compared with 908 normal controls between March 1992 and September 2000.METHODS: Stenosis index (STI) formula was deduced from TCD results of 31unilateral and 12 bilateral stenoses at middle cerebral artery(MCA) . STI = 1- [ normal average blood velocity (Vm0) ÷ average blood velocity at stenosisSince(PI1 ÷PI0) may be equal to [post-stenosis blood flow(Q1) ÷ normal blood flow(Q0)],regional cerebral blood flow loss index is concluded as:MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: rCBFLI,relationship between STI and Vm,as well as between rCBFLI and STI.RESULTS: rCBFLI formula was used to calculate the rCBFLI of 31 patients following unilateral MCA stenosis. rCBFLI of these 31 patients was obtained by Pearson statistical analysis. STI was found to be related to the average blood velocity at stenosis with relative coefficient(Vm) of(r) =0.76( P ＜ 0. 001 )and r = 0. 83 ( P ＜ 0. 001 ) . rCBFLI was proved to be correlated with Vm and STI with r = 0. 76( P ＜ 0. 01 ) and r = 0. 81 in 55 side MCA stenoses,and the difference was of statistical significance( P ＜ 0. 001 ).CONCLUSION: rCBFLI can be used to assess the decrement of regional brain blood flow due to the stenosis of supplying artery; also,it can be used to observe the changes of brain hemodynamics if combined with STI.
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Objective To research the relationship between flash visual evoked potentials (fVEP)and intracranial pressure (ICP),to evaluate the usefulness of baseline fVEP testing in the diagnosis of increased ICP Methods 22 normal individuals,44 increased intracranial pressure patients and other 35 patients which were measured by lumbar puncture were recorded with fVEP The latency of their waves were compared Results A positive correlationship between elevated intracranial pressure and a latency shift of the P 2,N 2,P 3,N 3 wave of the flash evoked potential is demonstrated( P
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Objective To compare the characteristics of MRI, CT, single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) and transcranial Doppler sonography(TCD) in patients with spongiform leukoencephalopathy after inhaling heroin vapor. Methods Seventeen patients were investigated. MRI or CT was scanned in 17 patients, SPECT in 9 patients′ and TCD in 11 patients. Results MRI or CT: Brain MRI and CT revealed extensive symmetric white matter involvement of bilateral cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and the brainstem.The lesions, which showed no contrast enhancement, were hypodense on CT and hypointense on T 1 weighted and hyperintense on T 2 weighted MRI. SPECT: The regional cerebral blood flows(rCBF) of white matter involvement on bilateral cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres was reduced obviously. The rCBF of temporal lobes, parietal lobes, occipital lobes, cerebellar hemispheres, and basal ganglion was reduced in varying degrees. TCD: The systolic peak became sharpened, and end diastolic flow velocity and mean flow velocity were reduced obviously and pulsatility index was increased markedly in patients with spongiform leukoencephalopathy after inhaling heroin vapor. Conclusion The characteristic manifestations of MRI and CT imaging may be regarded as the main foundation of diagnosing spongiform leukoencephalopathy after inhaling heroin vapor; SPECT and TCD can help comprehend the changes of hemodynamics of cerebral vessels and the degree of cerebral ischemia in patients with spongiform leukoencephalopathy after inhaling heroin vapor.
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Objective To summarize PET?MRI and pathologic characteristics of heroin spongiform leukoencephalopathy(HSLE). Methods Clinically, 28 cases underwent CT and MRI analysis,in which 2 cases had brain autopsies and 8 cases had brain biopsies. HE, GFAP, Loyez and Congo Red staining were made and observation done through electronic microscope. 4 cases underwent PET analysis. Results The PET, MRI and pathologic characteristics of HSLE showed (1) Spongiform vacuoles degeneration of white matter was pathologically the main morphological change. (2) All the 28 cases had a history of inhalation of heated heroin vapor and abstained from durg. (3) Most cases were described with acute onset characterized by cerebellar signs. (4) PET shows the cortex of the parietal lobe, occipital lobe and cerebellum became thin in 4 cases, while the cerebral white matter had enlarged. (5) Brain CT and MRI revealed extensive symmetric white matter lesions in cerebra and cerebellum. Conclusions Brain CT and MRI revealed extensive symmetric white matter lesions in cerebra and cerebellum. PET has more advantage in judging progress of patient's condition and therapeutic effecacy than MRI. Spongiform vacuoles degeneration of white matter was the main pathological change.
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Objective To observe the pathological changes of cerebral arterioles around hematom in patients with acute period of intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Brain tissue fragments were collected from the drainage effluents of 43 patients who received mini-invasive puncture drainage treatment of acute intracereal hemorrhage. Pathological changes of arterioles were analyzed under light microscope by routine HE and Congo red staining, respectively. Results The primary pathological changes of cerebral arteriole around hematom was arteriosclerosis and hyaline degeneration, which accounted for 28 cases (65.12%). Other pathological etiological factors included atherosclerosis in 3 cases (6.98%) and thrombosis in 5 cases (11.63%). Light microscopy also showed neutrophilic granulocytes sticking on the endothelial cells and exuding around vessels in 10 cases (23.26%) from 6h to 4d, and mini-focal hemorrhage in 8 cases (18.6%) from 24 to 48h.Conclusions Arteriosclerosis is the principal pathological etiology for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Neutrophilic granulocytes infiltrating was one of the most important pathological changes in acute stage of intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Objective To observe the ultrastructure of blood-brain barrier (BBB) around hematoma in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods Brain tissue around hematoma in 10 patients with hypertensive ICH was obtained using stereotaxic apparatus targeted by CT scan. Ultrastructure of BBB was observed under electron microscope. Results Astrocytic end feet swelled and pinocytotic vesicles increased 12 h after ICH. Mitochondrion of endothelial cells swelled and ridges disrupted 24 h after ICH. Astrocytic end feet and endothelial cells showed apparent edema, cell nuclei tumefied 48 h after ICH. Cytoplasm loosened and fundus membranes ruptured 72 h after ICH. Endothelial cell membranes and nuclei dissolved and capillary vessels dented 5 d after ICH. Conclusion Prevention of BBB from damage is important in treating ICH at early stage.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic role on monoclonal antibody of alkaline phosphatase(AAP) to vasogenic cerebral edema in rats(VCE).Methods 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal group,VCE group and AAP group.VCE animal model was made by injecting AAP.Brain water content of gray and white matter were measured by Moistrue Analyzer respectively.The permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) was determined by Evan's blue(EB) extravasation.Results The brain water content of gray and white matter in AAP group was reduced markedly,so the permeability of BBB was reduced(P0.05). Conclusion AAP can treat VCE well. Morbidity mechanism of VCE is related to the activity of alkaline phosphatase.
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Objective: To study the effect of cognitive therapy in combination with electromyographic feedback therapy on diabetes patients with depression after cerebral infarction. Methods: 60 patients were randomly divided into study group (n=30) and control group (n=30) , The former received cognitive therapy and electromyographic feedback trainings in addition to regular medication. All patients were evaluated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scales (HAMD),Neurological Function Deficit scale(NFD)?Barthel Index(BI) and FPG (free plasma glucose), 2HPG (plasma glucose after 2 hours of a meal). Results: The improvement of study group was greater than the control group(P
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Objective To explore the CT, MRI?PET features of Heroin Spongiform Leukoencephalopathy (HSLE).Methods CT and MRI of 29 patients, and PET of 4 patients were analysed.Results 1.CT and MRI showed extensive and symmetric lesions in white matters of bilateral cerebellum,posterior crus of internal capsule and parieto occipital region;2.Cerebral CT showed hypodense areas, MRI showed corresponding areas with decreased signal intensity on T1 weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2 weighted images, no edema, FLAIR and enhancing scan showed no destruction of brain blood barrier, PET imaging showed hypometabolism or non metabolism changes in corresponding areas; 3. PET imaging showed non metabolism areas in untreated patients' posterior limb of internal capsule, parietooccipital lobes and cerebellum, and the metabolism in corresponding areas of improved patients was low obviously; 4.PET imaging showed hypometabolism in grey matter of untreated and improved patients, and the metabolism in the grey matter remarkable improved patient was normal.Conclusion CT and MRI changes of HSLE sufferers almost limited in brain white matters, PET imaging showed hypometabolism or non metabolism changes in corresponding areas, the metabolism improvement in grey and white matters was very important to the improvement of HSLE sufferers, PET was more appropriate than MRI to the prognoses of HSLE sufferers.
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Objective To investigate the expression of nestin protein and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) mRNA in rat brain injured by ischemia-reperfusion(I/R),and observe the effects of Tongxinluo,one of Chinese herb drugs,on the expression.Methods The rat model of cerebral I/R injury,reproduced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) and release,were divided into three groups: high-dose Tongxinluo group(given 1g/kg?d of Tongxinluo],low-dose Tongxinluo group(given 0.5g/kg?d of Tongxinluo) and control group(administration of saline).2ml of Tongxinluo or saline each time was administered to each rat and 2 times every day up to day 3,5,7,14,21 and 30 after the injury.The expression of nestin in the subventricular zone(SVZ) and hippocampal dentate gyrus zone(DG) was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the IGF-1 mRNA expression around ischemic area was detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the immunofluorescence magnitude of nestin-positive neurons in SVZ and DG was significantly higher in high-and low-dose Tongxinluo groups(P0.05).Conclusions Tongxinluo,a kind of Chinese herb drugs,may promote the proliferation of neural stem cells in SVZ and DG after cerebral I/R injury in rats,and the mechanism may be related to upregulation of IGF-1 mRNA induced by Tongxinluo.