ABSTRACT
Scleromyxedema is a rare, generalized form of lichen myxedematosus, which may be associated with systemic involvement and can be fatal. The therapeutic options available provide partial or inconsistent response and are associated with significant adverse effects. We report a case of scleromyxedema with cardiac involvement, treated with low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, with almost complete clearing of the skin lesions. The patient died after three cycles of treatment, possibly due to myocardial infarction.
Subject(s)
Adult , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology , Electrocardiography , Fatal Outcome , Heart Diseases/etiology , Humans , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage , Male , Risk Factors , Scleromyxedema/diagnosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The study and assessment of oxidative stress plays a significant role in the arena of leprosy treatment.Once the presence of oxidative stress is proved, antioxidant supplements can be provided to reduce tissue injury and deformity. AIM: To study oxidative stress in paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) leprosy and to compare it with that in a control group. METHODS: Fifty-eight untreated leprosy patients (23 PB and 35 MB cases) were studied and compared with 58 healthy controls. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) level as a measure of antioxidant status; malondialdehyde (MDA)level, an indicator of lipid peroxidation; and MDA/SOD ratio, an index of oxidative stress were estimated in the serum.RESULTS: The SOD level was decreased in leprosy patients, especially in MB leprosy. The MDA level was increased in PB and MB leprosy. The MDA/SOD ratio was significantly elevated in MB patients. There was a steady increase in this ratio along the spectrum from tuberculoid to lepromatous leprosy (LL). CONCLUSION: There is increased oxidative stress in MB leprosy, especially in LL. This warrants antioxidant supplements to prevent tissue injury.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Antioxidants/metabolism , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Leprosy/classification , Lipid Peroxidation , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Middle Aged , Oxidative Stress , Skin/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolismABSTRACT
A 45-year-old male presented with asymptomatic tumors all over the body. The tumors showed no signs of ulceration or regression. There were generalized, nontender, firm to hard enlarged lymph nodes without hepatosplenomegaly. Biopsy and immunophenotyping revealed CD 30+ anaplastic primary cutaneous large cell lymphoma. Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is characterized by single or grouped reddish-brown tumor nodules, which frequently tend to ulcerate. Secondary involvement of lymph nodes is seen in only 25%. The lesions responded dramatically to chemotherapy, but recurred.
Subject(s)
Ki-1 Antigen/biosynthesis , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/therapeutic use , Humans , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Vincristine/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Tuberous sclerosis is an autosomal dominant disease due to mutations in two genetic loci, characterized by hamartoma formation in the skin, nervous system, heart, kidney and other organs. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis, characterized by small hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules, uniformly distributed over the entire body. The face is rarely involved and the palms, soles and mucous membranes are usually spared. We report a case of tuberous sclerosis with dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria, with hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules affecting the palms, soles and oral mucosa. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of such an association.