Component profile analysis of Sanhan Huashi Formula based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS, GC-MS, and UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

This study comprehensively analyzed the active components of Sanhan Huashi Formula using qualitative and quantitative mass spectrometry techniques, laying the foundation for understanding its pharmacological substance basis. UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and GC-MS technologies were used to analyze and identify the volatile and non-volatile components in Sanhan Huashi Formula. UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS technology was used to simultaneously determine the content of 27 major active components in the formula. The results showed that 308 major chemical components were identified in Sanhan Huashi Formula, among which 60 compounds were identified by comparing with reference standards, mainly including alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, triterpenoid saponins, amino acids, and nucleosides. GC-MS technology preliminarily identified 52 volatile compounds, with γ-eudesmol and β-eudesmol as the main components. The quantitative results demonstrated good linearity(r>0.99) for the 27 active components, indicating the stability, simplicity, and reliability of the established method. Among them, amygdalin, nodakenin, arecoline, ephedrine, and pseudoephedrine had relatively high content and were presumably the main pharmacologically active substances. In conclusion, this study systematically and comprehensively characterized the major chemical components and patterns in Sanhan Huashi Formula, providing a basis for understanding its pharmacological mechanisms and clinical applications.

Component identification and analysis in vivo of Sanhan Huashi formula / 中国中药杂志

Sanhan Huashi formula(SHF) is the intermediate of a newly approved traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) Sanhan Huashi Granules for the treatment of COVID-19 infection. The chemical composition of SHF is complex since it contains 20 single herbal medicines. In this study, UHPLC-Orbitrap Exploris 240 was used to identify the chemical components in SHF and in rat plasma, lung and feces after oral administration of SHF, and heat map was plotted for characterizing the distribution of the chemical components. Chromatographic separation was conducted on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) using 0.1% formic acid(A)-acetonitrile(B) as mobile phases in a gradient elution. Electrospray ionization(ESI) source was used to acquire data in positive and negative mode. By reference to quasi-molecular ions and MS/MS fragment ions and in combination with MS spectra of reference substances and compound information in literature reports, 80 components were identified in SHF, including 14 flavonoids, 13 coumarins, 5 lignans, 12 amino-compounds, 6 terpenes and 30 other compounds; 40 chemical components were identified in rat plasma, 27 in lung and 56 in feces. Component identification and characterization of SHF in vitro and in vivo lay foundations for disclosure of its pharmacodynamic substances and elucidation of the scientific connotation.

Comparison between carotid ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography in the diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis in patients with cerebral infarction / Comparación entre la ecografía carotídea y la angiografía por sustracción digital en el diagnostic de estenosis de la arteria carótida en pacientes con infarto cerebral

SUMMARY: This study aimed to compare the clinical value of carotid ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for carotid artery stenosis in patients with cerebral infarction. Sixty patients with cerebral infarction underwent carotid ultrasound and DSA. Carotid artery stenosis, degree of stenosis (mild, moderate, severe, and occlusion), and carotid artery plaques were recorded and compared. Carotid stenosis rate was 96.67 % (58/60) and 91.67 % (55/60) on DSA and carotid ultrasound, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant. Mild, moderate, and severe carotid artery stenosis and occlusion were diagnosed in 35, 28, 20, and 17 arteries, respectively, with DSA, and in 39, 25, 10, and 9 arteries, respectively, with carotid ultrasound. There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of carotid stenosis between the two methods (p<0.05). The kappa value of carotid plaques detected by carotid ultrasound and DSA was 0.776, indicating good consistency. Both carotid ultrasound and DSA are effective for screening carotid artery stenosis and carotid atherosclerotic plaques. While carotid ultrasound is faster and more convenient, DSA can more accurately detect the degree of stenosis and presence of occlusion. Thus, our recommendation is a combination of carotid ultrasound and DSA in clinical settings to improve the convenience and accuracy of diagnosis.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el valor clínico de la ecografía carotídea y la angiografía por sustracción digital (DSA) para la estenosis de la arteria carótida en pacientes con infarto cerebral. Sesenta pacientes con infarto cerebral fueron sometidos a ecografía carotídea y DSA. Se registraron y compararon la estenosis de la arteria carótida, el grado de estenosis (leve, moderada, grave y oclusión) y las placas de la arteria carótida. La tasa de estenosis carotídea fue del 96,67 % (58/60) y del 91,67 % (55/60) en DSA y ecografía carotídea, respectivamente, y la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa. Se diagnosticaron estenosis y oclusión de la arteria carótida leve, moderada y grave en 35, 28, 20 y 17 arterias, respectivamente, con DSA, y en 39, 25, 10 y 9 arterias, respectivamente, con ecografía carotídea. Hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el grado de estenosis carotídea entre los dos métodos (p<0,05). El valor kappa de las placas carotídeas detectadas por ecografía carotídea y DSA fue de 0,776, lo que indica una buena consistencia. Tanto la ecografía carotídea como la DSA son eficaces para detectar la estenosis de la arteria carótida y las placas ateroscleróticas carotídeas. Si bien la ecografía carotídea es más rápida y conveniente, la DSA puede detectar con mayor precisión el grado de estenosis y la presencia de oclusión. Por lo tanto, nuestra recomendación es una combinación de ecografía carotídea y DSA en entornos clínicos para mejorar la conveniencia y precisión del diagnóstico.

Association between physical education classes and physical activity among 187, 386 adolescents aged 13-17 years from 50 lowand middle-income countries

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between physical education classes and PA among adolescents from 50 lowand middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: A self-reported questionnaire from the Global School-based Student Survey (GSHS) was used to collect information on participation frequency of physical education classes and being physically active over the last week, as well as other control variables (e.g., sex, age, country, sedentary behavior). Multivariable logistic regression and a pooled meta-analysis were performed to explore the association and compared country-wise differences. Results: Included adolescents aged from 13 to 17 years (n = 187,386, %boys = 51.7; mean age = 14.6 years), the prevalence of sufficient PA (meeting the PA guidelines) was 14.9%. The prevalence of 5 days or more to engage in physical education classes was 16.5%. Compared with adolescents who had 0 days for physical education classes, higher participation frequency was more likely related to sufficient PA (OR: 1 day = 1.34, 2 days = 1.66, 3 days = 1.67, 4 days = 1.79, 5 days or more = 2.46), these findings were also observed in both sexes. A moderate inconsistency on the association across the included countries was found (I2 = 53%, p < 0.01), although the pooled OR was 1.50 (95% CI: 1.36-1.65). Conclusions: Participating in more physical education classes may be an effective approach to increase physical activity levels among adolescents in LMICs. However, promoting physical activity levels among adolescents in LMICs through physical education classes should consider more country-specific factors.

Multifocal eosinophilic granuloma of the jaws with long-term follow-up: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Eosinophilic granuloma, a rare disease, has various clinical manifestations and no specific X-rays features and is thus easily misdiagnosed. This paper reports a case of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma of jaw with long-term follow-up. The patient initially presented with periodontal tissue destruction.The diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma of jaw were discussed in combination with the literature to alert this disease in clinical practice.

Geriatric nutritional risk index predicts all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) might predict the all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between GNRI and all-cause mortality in patients with HF. METHODS: We searched the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for clinical trials investigating the association between GNRI and all-cause mortality in patients with HF, having the primary endpoint as all-cause mortality. RESULTS: In total, nine studies involving 7,659 subjects were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicated that major risk and moderate risk GNRI (GNRI<92) was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in elderly patients with HF (hazard ratios [HR] 1.59, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.37-1.85). Low risk GNRI (GNRI<98) group predicted all-cause mortality in elderly HF patients (HR 1.56, 95%CI 1.12-2.18) when compared with the high GNRI value group. A subgroup analysis indicated that the relationship between GNRI and HF might differ based on the subtype of heart failure. CONCLUSIONS: GNRI is a simple and well-established nutritional assessment tool to predict all-cause mortality in patients with HF.

A meta-analysis of the effects of green tea combined with physical activity on blood lipids in humans / Metanálise dos efeitos do chá verde combinado com atividade física sobre lípides sanguíneos em seres humanos / Metaanálisis de los efectos del té verde combinado con actividad física sobre lípidos sanguíneos en seres humanos

ABSTRACT Introduction: Most studies of green tea extract (GTE) combined with physical activity have reported a preventative effect for cardiovascular disease; however, the findings regarding the effects on serum lipids are controversial. Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to examine the evidence of the effects of GTE combined with physical activity on the serum lipid content in humans. Methods: In June 2017, we conducted electronic searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify pertinent studies: those with an experiment period exceeding two weeks, human randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and those that only assessed GTE with physical activity were included. A random effects model meta-analysis was used in this review. Results: A total of 271 citations were retrieved in our search of the electronic literature, and 7 RCTs, which included 608 individuals, were identified. Overall, there was no significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD:-0.169; 95% confidence interval [CI]:-0.414 to 0.076; I2=22.7%; p=0.177) or total cholesterol (TC) levels between the GTE and placebo combined with the physical activity group. Similar results were also observed for high density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). In the subgroup and sensitivity analyses of the five studies, the TC levels of the subjects who received a lower dose of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) together with performing physical activity were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that green tea combined with physical activity does not improve the lipid and lipoprotein levels in humans. Level of evidence I; Systematic review.

RESUMO Introdução: A maioria dos estudos sobre extrato de chá verde (ECV) em combinação com atividade física relata efeito preventivo em doenças cardiovasculares; entretanto, os achados sobre os efeitos sobre lípides séricos são controversos. Objetivo: Esta metanálise tem como objetivo examinar as evidências dos efeitos do ECV em combinação com atividade física sobre o teor de lípides séricos no ser humano. Métodos: Em junho de 2017, realizamos pesquisas eletrônicas nos bancos de dados PubMed, Web of Science e Cochrane Library para identificar estudos pertinentes; foram incluídos os que tinham período experimental superior a duas semanas, estudos clínicos randomizados (ECRs) e que avaliaram apenas ECV com atividade física. Neste trabalho, empregamos o modelo de metanálise de efeitos aleatórios. Resultados: Um total de 271 citações foi recuperado em nossa busca, e sete ECRs foram identificados, totalizando 608 indivíduos incluídos. No geral, não houve redução significativa nos níveis da lipoproteína de baixa densidade do colesterol (LDL-C) (DMP: -0,169; 95% de intervalo de confiança [IC]: -0,414 a 0,076; I2 = 22,7%; p = 0,177) ou no colesterol total (CT) entre o ECV e placebo combinados com o Grupo atividade física. Resultados semelhantes foram observados também para a lipoproteína de alta densidade do colesterol (HDL-C) e para os triglicérides (TG). No subgrupo e nas análises de sensibilidade de cinco estudos, os níveis de CT dos indivíduos que receberam dose mais baixa de epigalocatequina-3-galato (EGCG) em combinação com atividade física foram significativamente reduzidos. Conclusão: A evidência atual sugere que o chá verde em combinação com atividade física não melhora os níveis de lípides e lipoproteínas no ser humano. Nível de Evidência I; Revisão sistemática.

RESUMEN Introducción: La mayoría de los estudios sobre extracto de té verde (ETV) en combinación con actividad física relata efecto preventivo en enfermedades cardiovasculares; entretanto, los hallazgos sobre los efectos sobre lípidos séricos son controvertidos. Objetivo: Este metaanálisis tiene como objetivo examinar las evidencias de los efectos del ETV en combinación con actividad física sobre el tenor de lípidos séricos en el ser humano. Métodos: En junio de 2017, realizamos búsquedas electrónicas en los bancos de datos PubMed, Web of Science y Cochrane Library para identificar estudios pertinentes; fueron incluidos los que tenían período experimental superior a dos semanas, estudios clínicos aleatorizados (ECAs) y que evaluaron sólo ETV con actividad física. En este trabajo, empleamos el modelo de metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios. Resultados: Un total de 271 citaciones fue recuperado en nuestra búsqueda, y siete ECAs fueron identificados, totalizando 608 individuos incluidos. En general, no hubo reducción significativa en los niveles de la lipoproteína de baja densidad del colesterol (LDL-C) (DPE: -0,169; 95% de intervalo de confianza [IC]: -0,414 a 0,076; I2 = 22,7%; p = 0,177) o en el colesterol total (CT) entre el ETV y placebo combinados con el Grupo actividad física. Fueron observados resultados semejantes también para la lipoproteína de alta densidad del colesterol (HDL-C) y para los triglicéridos (TG). En el subgrupo y en los análisis de sensibilidad de cinco estudios, los niveles de CT de los individuos que recibieron dosis más baja de epigalocatequina-3-galato (EGCG) en combinación con actividad física fueron significativamente reducidos. Conclusión: La evidencia actual sugiere que el té verde en combinación con actividad física no mejora los niveles de lípidos y lipoproteínas en el ser humano. Nivel de Evidencia I; Revisión sistemática.

Discussion on contents and methods of quality control for acupuncture registry study / 中国针灸

To explore the basic principles and methods of quality control of clinical registry research in the field of acupuncture. This study drawed on the data quality control methods of clinical trials in the United States and combined clinical practice experience, based on the "International Patient Registry Platform of Acupuncture and Moxibustion", and the registry study of acupuncture treatment for early-onset ovarian insufficiency as a model. The principles of accuracy, authenticity, consistency and completeness were followed. A remote and on-site quality control method with remote quality control as the main and on-site quality control as the supplement is formed, with a view to providing ideas and reference for the quality control of registry research.

Acupuncture for premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To analyze the effect of acupuncture versus hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Methods: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) were searched up to January 31st, 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of acupuncture for POI. The primary outcome was the level of basal serum follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH). Secondary outcomes included serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Two authors extracted data independently and assessed the risk of bias and the methodological quality using the Cochrane's tool. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan version 5.3. Results: Eight eligible RCTs with a total of 496 POI patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that there was a significant reduction in the basal serum FSH level (MD=-5.82, 95％CI:-9.76 to -1.87, I2=82％, P=0.004) and a remarkable elevation in the basal E2 level (SMD=0.93, 95％CI: 0.34 to 1.52, I2=88％, P=0.002) in the acupuncture group when compared with the control. Subgroup analysis showed that compared with HRT, a significant decrease in the FSH level was observed in both acupuncture alone (MD=-4.53, 95％CI:-8.96 to -0.10, I2=73％, P=0.04) and acupuncture plus HRT (MD=-9.60, 95％CI:-17.60 to -1.61, I2=50％, P=0.02), while a remarkable elevation of E2 was only found in acupuncture plus HRT (SMD=1.43, 95％CI: 1.03 to 1.82, I2=0％, P<0.00001). There was no significant difference in the LH level between acupuncture and HRT (MD=-3.16, 95％CI:-9.41 to 3.10, I2=0％, P=0.32), only one trial reported AMH, and no significant difference was found between acupuncture and HRT. Conclusion: The present study indicated that acupuncture had an advantage over HRT in reducing serum FSH level and increasing serum E2 level in women with POI. However, evidence supporting the finding is limited due to the small sample size, potential methodological flaws and significant heterogeneity. Hence, this conclusion still needs to be verified by high-quality RCTs.

Management strategy of emergency surgery combined with 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection in cardiovascular surgery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#新型冠状病毒（2019 novel coronavirus，SARS-CoV-2）感染现已被纳入《中华人民共和国传染病防护法》规定的乙类传染病，并采取甲类传染病预防控制措施。

Screen of differentially expressed genes in liver cancer xenograft tissues after CDC25Agene silence / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#Objective: To explore the genes that may be regulated by cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A) with gene chip technology, and to elucidate and verify that CDC25A has a regulatory effect on the expression of liver cancer related genes. Methods: CDC25A expression in human liver cancer HepG2 cells was silenced by siRNA interference technology and a nude mouse xenograft model of liver cancer was successfully constructed in our previous research. Affymetrix human gene expression profiling microarray was used to further screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after silencing CDC25A in liver cancer xenografts, and GO analysis and KEGG analysis were performed. Some of the DEGs were verified by qPCR. Results: The chip screened 188 DEGs in liver cancer xenograft tissues after CDC25A silence, including 78 up-regulated genes and 110 down-regulated genes. These DEGs mainly involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, protein complex binding, extracellular space, etc., and associated with the changes in pathways such as focal adhesions and extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interactions. qPCR showed that the expression of HIPK2 mRNA was up-regulated and the mRNA expressions of (microfibrillar-associated protein 5(MFAP5) and cyclin D1 (CCND1) were down-regulated, which were consistent with the results of microarray detection. Conclusion: Using human gene expression profiling chip, the DEGs in liver cancer xenograft tissues in nude mice after silencing CDC25Awere successfully screened, providing effective clues for exploring the effect of CDC25Aon the growth of liver cancer.

Research progress of liver injury induced by Polygoni Mulitiflori Radix / 中国中药杂志

Polygoni Mulitiflori Radix, or dried root tuber of Polygonum multiflorum(PM), is a traditional Chinese tonic medicine, with the effect in nourishing liver and kidney, and benefiting blood essence and hair. It is widely used in clinical and healthcare products. In recent years, more and more reports about adverse reactions of root tuber of P.multiflorum and its preparations have been reported. Fortunately, there is also substantial progress in the experimental study on liver injury induced by PM. According to the literature review, the possible causes of liver injury were found to be the mixture of raw and processed PM and long-term high-dose administration. In addition, the liver injury induced by PM is idiosyncratic liver injury, and individual factors are also the important cause. At the same time, according to the literature reports, the effects of chemical components in different pathological animal models were summarized, finding that 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside was the main component for liver injury; based on the clinical manifestations of liver injury induced by PM, the effects of some chemical components on bilirubin and bile acid metabolism were analyzed. This paper reviews the study progress of liver injury induced by PM.

Elevated plasma YKL-40 level is found in the dogs with cancer and is related to poor prognosis

YKL-40, a secreted glycoprotein, may serve as an autoantigen, which mediates multiple inflammatory diseases and cancers. A high YKL-40 serum level is correlated with metastasis and poor survival in a variety of human cancers. However, the role of YKL-40 in dogs is still under evaluation. Herein, we examined the associations between plasma YKL-40 level and YKL-40 autoantibody (YAA) titers with malignancy and prognosis in canine cancer. Plasma levels of YKL-40 in healthy dogs (n = 20) and in dogs (n = 82) with cancer were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results indicated that plasma YKL-40 levels were significantly higher (p 180 pg/mL) than in the low YKL-40 group (< 180 pg/mL). The results imply that plasma YKL-40 levels might have the potential to be developed as a marker of malignancy progression and prognosis in canine cancers.

Development of an oligonucleotide microarray for simultaneous detection of two canine MDR1 genotypes and association between genotypes and chemotherapy side effects

Canine MDR1 gene mutations produce translated P-glycoprotein, an active drug efflux transporter, resulting in dysfunction or over-expression. The 4-base deletion at exon 4 of MDR1 at nucleotide position 230 (nt230[del4]) in exon 4 makes P-glycoprotein lose function, leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. The G allele of the c.-6-180T>G variation in intron 1 of MDR1 (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] 180) causes P-glycoprotein over-expression, making epileptic dogs resistant to phenobarbital treatment. Both of these mutations are reported to be common in collies. This study develops a more efficient method to detect these two mutations simultaneously, and clarifies the genotype association with the side effects of chemotherapy. Genotype distribution in Taiwan was also investigated. An oligonucleotide microarray was successfully developed for the detection of both genotypes and was applied to clinical samples. No 4-base deletion mutant allele was detected in dogs in Taiwan. However, the G allele variation of SNP 180 was spread across all dog breeds, not only in collies. The chemotherapy adverse effect percentages of the SNP 180 T/T, T/G, and G/G genotypes were 16.7%, 6.3%, and 0%, respectively. This study describes an efficient way for MDR1 gene mutation detection, clarifying genotype distribution, and the association with chemotherapy.

Research progress of methods allowing quantitative analysis of aortic valve calcification / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#With the development of social economy and medicine, degenerative heart valve disease has become the major part in heart valve disease. Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is one of the most representative manifestations of degenerative valvular disease. Aortic valve calcification (AVC) has been found to be a strong predictor of major cardiovascular events, which makes it necessary to identify an effective way to evaluate the degree of AVC. Numerous methods of quantitative assessment of AVC have been reported. Here, we discuss these methods from the aspects of pathology and imageology.

Patients 60 Years of Age and Older Should Have the Same Chance for Heart Transplantation or Not? / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Heart transplantation is considered the best treatment modality for advanced heart disease.While old age has conventionally been considered a contraindication for heart transplantation due to the reported adverse effect of advanced age,however donor hearts' shortage continues to stimulate the discussion about the recipient's upper age limit.Our study was based on a retrospective analysis for the results of 52 (18％) patients aged 60 years and older undergoing heart transplantation between May 2008 and December 2015,and these patients were compared with 236 (82％) adult recipients who were younger than 60 years at the time of transplantation and during the same period.In older group,71％ were males with the mean age of 63.38+3.55 years,and in younger group,83.4％ were males with a mean age of43.72±11.41 years (P=0.27).Dilated cardiomyopathy was the most common indication for transplantation among patients in both groups (P=0.147).In older group,the 3-month survival rate was higher than that in younger group (P=0.587),however the 6-month survival rate showed no significant difference (P=0.225).Although the 1-year survival rate was higher in older group (P=0.56),yet the 3-year survival rate between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.48).According to our experience among older heart transplant candidates who were 60 years and older,we believe that advanced age should not be an excluding criterion to cardiac transplantation.

Clinical study of lung-supplementing and stasis-dissolving decoction [Bufei Huayu Tang] combined with gefitnib for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer

To investigate the clinical efficacy and drug safety of Lung-Supplementing and Stasis-Dissolving Decoction [Bufei Huayu Tang] combined with gefitnib for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC]. Then, 80 patients with advanced NSCLC hospitalized in Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine were included, and were double-blindly randomized into 4 groups: control group [gefitinib alone 250mg, once daily], low-dose group [100mL/day], middle-dose group [150mL/day] and high-dose group [200mL/day] treated with different doses of Bufei Huayu Tang besides gefitinib. Clinical efficacy, life quality change before and after treatment, ECOG score, survival time and incidence of adverse drug reaction were compared. ECOG score in middle-dose group after treatment was significantly higher than other groups [P<0.05]. Total efficiency of 4 groups was respectively 15%, 20%, 55% and 25%, and total efficiency in middle-dose group was significantly higher than that in other groups [P<0.05]. According to TCM syndrome score, the improvement in middle-dose group was significantly better than that in other groups [P<0.05]. Incidence of adverse drug reaction in high-dose group was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups [P<0.05]. Self-designed Bufei Huayu Tang combined with gefitinib for NSCLC has a satisfactory clinical efficacy and high drug safety. Decoction dose needs more attention

Benefit and Safety of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Off-pump CABG: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate benefit and safety compared dual antiplatelet therapy with single aspirin therapy after coronary artery bypass grafting. Study Design: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases were searched for randomized controlled trials or observational studies focusing on anticoagulant therapy after coronary artery bypass grafting until December 2014. Methodology: Endpoints included postoperative mortality, bleeding events, myocardial infraction, stroke, repeat revascularization and graft occlusion. All these endpoints were compared between dual antiplatelet therapy and single aspirin therapy. Newcastle-Ottawa and Jadal scale were used to assess the quality of observational studies and randomized controlled trials respectively. Software R2.15.2 was utilized for Meta-analysis. Results: 15 studies composed of 31,365 patients were included. Compared with single aspirin therapy, dual antiplatelet therapy resulted in reducing risk of vein graft occlusion (OR=0.53, 95%CI 0.36-0.81, P=0.001), but no significant difference for artery graft occlusion (OR=0.91, 95%CI 0.39-2.12, P=0.882), Risk of postoperative mortality (OR=0.57, 95%CI 0.38-0.85, P=0.006) and repeat revascularization (OR=0.15, 95%CI 0.05-0.45, P=0.001) was also reduced. There were no significant difference for MI (OR=0.77, 95%CI 0.55-1.09, P=0.137), Stroke (OR=0.85, 95%CI 0.60-1.19, P=0.330) and bleeding (OR=0.95, 95%CI 0.82-1.09, P=0.465). In subgroup analysis of off-pump CABG, dual antiplatelet therapy reduced risk of graft occlusion (OR=0.49, 95%CI 0.30-0.82, P=0.006), MI (OR=0.28, 95%CI 0.11-0.72, P=0.009), mortality (OR=0.39, 95%CI 0.25-0.60, P<0.001), and did not increase risk of bleeding (OR=0.75, 95%CI 0.55-1.02, P=0.066). Conclusions: Dual antiplatelet therapy reduced risk of postoperative graft occlusion and mortality in the early and late postoperative phase after CABG. It appeared to be more beneficial for off-pump CABG.

Clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemistry of the basal-like subtype of invasive breast carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical of the basal-like subtype of invasive breast carcinoma (BLBC), and to discuss the diagnosis standard.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry was performed in 448 cases of breast carcinoma and these cases were categorized into luminal A, luminal B, null subtypes, HER2-overexpressing and basal-like and their clinicopathologic features were observed under light microscope with stains of HE and immunohistochemical InVitrogen staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the breast cancer patients, the incidence of BLBC was 15.4% (69/448). Morphologic features significantly associated with BLBC constituently included nest structure and showing diffuse growth pattern, large scarring areas without cells in tumor, geographic necrosis, pushing margin of invasion, lymphocytic infiltrate in various degree in tumor stroma, syncytial tumor cell without clear boundaries, tumor cell showing vesicular unclear chromatin and nucleolus, markedly elevated mitotic count, metaplasia (all P < 0.01). Meanwhile, most BLBC showed strong immunoreactivity for CK5/6, CK14, CK17 (all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BLBC showed distinct morphologic and immunophenotypic features.</p>

Identification and characterization of a gene encoding a putative lysophosphatidyl acyltransferase from Arachis hypogaea.

Lysophosphatidyl acyltransferase (LPAT) is the important enzyme responsible for the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), leading to the generation of phosphatidic acid (PA) in plant. Its encoding gene is an essential candidate for oil crops to improve oil composition and increase seed oil content through genetic engineering. In this study, a fulllength AhLPAT4 gene was isolated via cDNA library screening and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE); our data demonstrated that AhLPAT4 had 1631 nucleotides, encoding a putative 43.8 kDa protein with 383 amino acid residues. The deduced protein included a conserved acyltransferase domain and four motifs (I–IV) with putative LPA and acyl-CoA catalytic and binding sites. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that AhLPAT4 contained four transmembrane domains (TMDs), localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane; detailed analysis indicated that motif I and motifs II–III in AhLPAT4 were separated by the third TMD, which located on cytosolic and ER luminal side respectively, and hydrophobic residues on the surface of AhLPAT4 protein fold to form a hydrophobic tunnel to accommodate the acyl chain. Subcellular localization analysis confirmed that AhLPAT4 was a cytoplasm protein. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that AhLPAT4 had a high homology (63.7–78.3%) with putative LPAT4 proteins from Glycine max, Arabidopsis thaliana and Ricinus communis. AhLPAT4 was ubiquitously expressed in diverse tissues except in flower, which is almost undetectable. The expression analysis in different developmental stages in peanut seeds indicated that AhLPAT4 did not coincide with oil accumulation.