ABSTRACT
Aims: To evaluate the anticandidal activity of some solvent extracts of Securinega virosa and Anogeissus leiocarpa from northern Côte d'Ivoire. Study Design: In vitro assay of antifungal activity. Place and Duration of Study: Biochemical Pharmacodynamy Laboratory, Biosciences Department, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny and Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory University Hospital of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire between January and December 2013. Methods: The herbs studied were examined for diameter of inhibition zone using agar well diffusion method; minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) using microdilution method. Results: All tested plants extracts, except the aqueous extracts, showed varying zones of inhibition against fungi tested. The diameters of inhibition zones for all organic extracts are greater than 10 mm for a sample concentration of 500 mg/ml and were significantly higher than for nystatine (p <0.05; p <0.01). The ethanol extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa revealed the strongest anticandidal activity against all tested strains with MICs ranging from 0.195 to 12.5 mg/ml, and MFCs from 0.390 to 50 mg/ml. The phytochemical screening of extracts shows the presence of polyterpenes and sterols, polyphenols, flavonoids, catechin tannins and alkaloids. Conclusion: S. virosa and A. leiocarpa possesse compounds with good anticandidal properties. This results support their traditional use in treatment of infectious diseases caused by certain Candida species.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: our work consisted in studying the antioxidant activity of the dichloromethane-ethanol total extract (Baker) milne-redh., a Rubiaceae with antihypertensive activity. Methodology: The antioxidant activity was determined in vitro by the test of 2,2'-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the test of inhibition of lipid peroxidation by TBARS method and in vivo by determining activities of SOD, CAT and the concentration of NO in the organs of rats made hypertensive by adrenalin (ADR). In vivo, Rats were divided into 7 lots of 5 rats each. The control lot received daily orally distilled water for 14 days. The other lots received adrenalin (ADR) at dose of 1 mL/kg by intraperitoneal injection for 8 days. After installation of hypertension, lot MNT (Lot sick untreated or positive control) has not undergone any treatment. Rats of lots ETDE 500 and ETDE 1500, received orally ETDE at doses of 500 and 1500 mg/kg bw for 6 days. Rats of lots TEN (tenordate) 10 and TEN 20 received orally the tenordate at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg pc for 6 days. After the 6 days of treatment, the rats are decapitated and their hearts, kidneys, livers andaortas were collected for the determination of oxidative stress parameters. Results: Our results showed that ETDE, in vitro, reduces greatly the DPPH with a IC50 of 21.45±1.53% and inhibits 49.66±3.83% of lipid peroxidation. In vivo, ETDE reduced significantly and normalizes the activity of SOD, CAT and normalizes the concentration of NO of rats made hypertensive. Conclusion: ETDE by its antioxidant action on free radicals may be beneficial in the treatment of high blood pressure.
ABSTRACT
Morinda morindoides (Backer) Milne-Redhead (Rubiaceae) is used by the people of west and central Africa for the treatment of diarrhea. The dichloromethane/ethanol extract of M. morindoides (Back) (ETDE) known to be used orally, will be in direct contact with the nobles organs. This study is conduced to see if this extract has effects on the body more precisely on blood pressure. ETDE injected intravenously (10.40 mg/kg b.w to 31.19 mg/kg b.w) provoked a decrease in the arterial blood pressure (hypotension) in a dose-dependent manner (ED50 = 7.08 mg/kg b.w). ETDE at 41.58 mg/kg b.w induce a maximum and irreversible hypotension which leads to the death of the animal. The effects induced by ETDE were inhibited in the presence of atropine at a concentration of 4.46 ×10-4 mg/kg b.w. Our observations, regarding the effects of ETDE on the high blood pressure initiated by adrenaline, showed that the hypertensive effects induced by adrenalin were totally inhibited by ETDE. ETDE induced a dose-dependent hypotension and reversible and his antihypertensive effect could militate for its use in the treatment of hypertension.
ABSTRACT
The present study focused to investigate the detection and characterization of phytomolecules relaxing smooth muscle of dichloromethane-ethanolic extract of Morinda morindoides using in vitro model. Local rabbit of both sexes weighting between 1500 and 2000 g were used. The effect of the extract on contraction of isolated rabbit ileum and the response of the tissue was investigated. The extract at dose of 49×10-3; 190×10-3; 290×10-3; 390×10-3 mg/ml, attenuated significantly (p< 0,05) spontaneous contractions of the isolated rabbit ileum in a dose-dependant manner. The effective dose for 50% of activity was 193±1,5×10-3 . Tonic contractions initiated by acetylcholine were inhibited by the extract like atropine. The extract also attenuated the spontaneous contractions of the intestine in presence of propanolol. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of sterols and terpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. This study provided the active compounds with relaxant activity of the extract would be cholinomimetic substances, and may possibly explain the use of the plant in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorder.