ABSTRACT
A group of youngsters (4-18 years old) in northeast Brazil was studied to stablish the prevalence of anaemia and intestinal parasitism, as well as to analyse the correlation between them. Two criteria were used to determine the state of anaemia, the level of haemoglobin and the mean of corpuscular volume. The first was considered a single criterion and the second an associated criteria, used in an attempt to correlate anaemia with iron deficiency. The prevalence of intestinal parasitism was 93 per cent while the prevalence of anaemia was 43.1 per cent and 16.1 per cent according to the criteria employed (single or associated respectively). Anaemia was significantly associated with both sex and age. No significant statistical difference was observed when the association was made between each parasite and anaemia even with those more related to anaemia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Anemia/ethnology , Helminthiasis/ethnology , Brazil/ethnology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/ethnologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: a filariose linfática ainda representa um grave problema de saúde pública na cidade do Recife. Apesar de inquéritos anteriores terem registrado uma freqüência relativamente elevada de microfilaremia na populaçäo pediátrica, desconhecia-se a prevalência de doença filarial, assim como o padräo microfilarêmico atual nesse grupo. Este trabalho descreve o perfil epidemiológico da filariose em crianças e adolescentes residentes em áreas de alta endemicidade do Recife. Métodos: O estudo de prevalência de microfilaremia foi feito através de um censo realizado no período de dezembro de 1990 a julho de 1991. A pesquisa de microfilária em gota espessa (45µl) foi efetuada em 1.464 crianças com idade entre 5 e 14 anos, das quais 967 foram submetidas a exame clínico...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Filariasis/epidemiology , Wuchereria bancrofti/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Microfilariae , Morbidity , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Wuchereria bancrofti in Pernambuco was first documented in 1952 (Azevedo & Dobbin 1952), and since then it has been reported in surveys carried out in selected areas of Recife. Several surveys were carried out from 1981 to 1991 by SUCAM. In the 1985 SUCAM's report the disease is considered under control. The CPqAM Filariasis Research Program was established in 1985 and a filarial survey was carried out in the town of Olinda, Greater Recife. In order to verify the real epidemiological situation, a study was conducted in the city of Recife. 21/36 of the Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), were randomly selected for the present study. From 10,664 persons screened, 683 were positive and the prevalence rate for microfilaraemia (mf) varied from 0.6 per cent to 14.9 per cent. A mean mf prevalence of 6.5 per cent, showed that the infection occurs in a wide geographic distribution in Greater Recife and that the intensity of transmission is a real and potential threat to public health in affected communities. Mf rate among males and females differed significantly. Due to the rapid increase in population, unplanned urban settlements, poor sanitary facilities and the favorable geographical conditions to the development of the vector, filariasis may actually be increasing in Recife.
Subject(s)
Humans , Elephantiasis, Filarial/epidemiology , Brazil , National Health Programs , Prevalence , Wuchereria bancroftiABSTRACT
Six Plasmodium falciparum protein fractions, isolated under reducing conditions, were used to immunize mice, rabbits and the squirrel monkey Saimiri sciureus. Five or seven subcutaneous injections of each antigenic preparation, in conjunction with Freund's complete or incomplete adjuvants, were administered. This led to the development of specific antibodies detected by IFAT, ELISA or immunobloting which inhibited merozoite reinvasion in in vitro P. falciparum cultures. This activity seems to be associated with rhoptry proteins contained in fractions Pf F2 and Pf F4
Subject(s)
Antigens , Plasmodium falciparum/immunology , ProteinsABSTRACT
Dacron (polyethylenetherephthalate) is proposed as a matrix for dot-ELISA procedures, as an alternative to nitrocellulose. Plates of dacron were partially hydrazinolyzed and hydrazide groups introduced were converted to azide groups. The derivative dacron-antigen was covalently linked on to the plates through these azide groups. The derivative dacron-antigen was exaustively washed according to CROOK and antigen was still fixed onto the plates. Protein F1A purified from Yersinia pestis was used as a model. Triration of sera from immunized and non immunized rabbits against this protein was carried out by employing the dot-ELISA method. No significant difference was observed using dacron-antigen and nitrocellulose-antigen preparations. Howwvwe, both procedures showed to have a significant better performance in comparasion with the passive hemagglutination method. The specificity and reproductibility of the dot-ELISA assay using both preparations showed a similar behaviour. Nitrocellulose preparation was stable at 4 graus Centígrados, 28 graus centígrados and -20 graus centígrados for 90 days, whereas the dacron-antigen derivative was stable only when stored at 4 graus centígrados. Dacron-antigen derivative could be re-used when the spot developing was proceeded using 4-chloro-1-naphtol as substrate
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Collodion , Immunoblotting , Polyethylene Terephthalates , Antigens, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Hemagglutination Tests , Polyethylene Terephthalates/chemistry , Yersinia pestis/immunologyABSTRACT
Foram estudados os efeitos da betametasona administrada na fase pós-aguda imediata de uma infecçäo pelo T. cruzi em camundongos. O tratamento consistiu de 30 doses diárias de 0,15 mg de betametasona, a partir de 42§ dia de infecçäo, näo havendo aparecimento de novos surtos de parasitemia. No tempo de duraçäo do experimento (7 meses) näo houve diferença entre as lesöes histopatológicas dos animais tratados e dos näo tratados. O grupo experimental apresentou uma maior mortalidade acumulada no 75§ dia de infecçäo, o que pode ser atribuído a infecçöes bacterianas associadas. Por outro lado, camundongos albinos "outbred", infectados com baixo inóculo, näo se apresentaram como bom modelo de doença de Chagas, já que näo desenvolveram lesöes importantes nem na fase aguda nem após 7 meses de infecçäo. Em conclusäo, o tratamento imunosupressivo prolongado, após a fase aguda de uma infecçäo mínima com a cepa Y do T. cruzi näo tem influência sobre o curso da infecçäo, pelo menos no que tange ao agravamento da mesma
Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Male , Betamethasone/therapeutic use , Chagas Disease/drug therapy , Trypanosoma cruzi/drug effectsABSTRACT
Propöem algumas modificaçöes a um método de mensuraçäo da resposta quimiotáxica in vivo, que se baseava na observaçäo da resposta leucocitária à introduçäo de quimiotáxicos, em uma bolsa de ar produzida no tecido conjuntivo de camundongos. As modificaçöes introduzidas foram a utilizaçäo de anestesia leve, facilitando a produçäo da bolsa e a imobilizaçäo dos animais em posiçäo vertical, permitindo a localizaçäo da área exposta à atividade quimiotáxica e tornando a técnica mais simples. As citadas modificaçöes tornaram o método mais reprodutível e eficiente, permitindo o emprego de amostras menores no ensaio