Genetic studies of primary biliary cholangitis in the post-GWAS era / 临床肝胆病杂志

With the constant increase in the awareness of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and the continuous improvement in related diagnostic methods in the past two decades, the incidence and prevalence rates of PBC tend to increase and PBC is now the most common autoimmune liver disease worldwide. A series of family-based studies in the early stage have shown that PBC has strong genetic tendency, and subsequent genomic analyses have been performed for PBC in different populations and have obtained a large amount of genetic data. Future genetic studies of PBC will focus on translating these results into clinical practice.

Analysis of Differences of Volatile Components in Atractylodis Rhizoma Before and After Processing with Rice-washed Water by HS-GC-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveBy comparing the composition and content changes of the volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma before and after processing with rice-washed water， the effect of rice-washed water processing on volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma was investigated. MethodHeadspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （HS-GC-MS） was used to detect the volatile components in rhizomes of Atractylodes chinensis and A. lancea， and their processed products of rice-washed water. Chromatographic conditions were programmed temperature （starting temperature of 50 ℃ for 2 min， rising to 120 ℃ with the speed of 10 ℃·min-1， then rising to 170 ℃ at 2.5 ℃·min-1， and rising to 240 ℃ at 10 ℃·min-1 for 3 min）， the inlet temperature was 280 ℃， the split ratio was 10∶1， and the solvent delay time was 3 min. The conditions of mass spectrometry were electron bombardment ionization （EI） with ionization temperature at 230 ℃ and detection range of m/z 20-650. Then the relative content of each component was determined by the peak area normalization method. SIMCA 14.1 software was used to perform unsupervised principal component analysis （PCA） and supervised orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） on each sample data， the differential components of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its processed products were screened by the principle of variable importance in the projection （VIP） value>1. ResultA total of 60 components were identified， among which 40 were rhizomes of A. chinensis and 38 were its processed products， 46 were rhizomes of A. lancea and 47 were its processed products. PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the 4 kinds of Atractylodis Rhizoma samples were clustered into one category respectively， indicating that the volatile components of the two kinds of Atractylodis Rhizoma were significantly changed after processing with rice-washed water， and there were also significant differences in the volatile components of rhizomes of A. lancea and A. chinensis. The compound composition of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its processed products was basically the same， but the content of the compounds was significantly different. The differential components were mainly concentrated in monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids， and the content of monoterpenoids mostly showed a decreasing trend. ConclusionAfter processing with rice-washed water， the contents of volatile components in rhizomes of A. lancea and A. chinensis are significantly changed， and pinene， 3-carene， p-cymene， ocimene， terpinolene， atractylon， acetic acid and furfural can be used as difference markers before and after processing.

Analysis of Terpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma Before and After Processing with Salt-water Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify the chemical constituents of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， and to investigate the changes of terpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water. MethodUPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to detect with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B）as mobile phase for gradient elution （0-0.01 min， 20%B； 0.01-5 min， 20%-40%B； 5-40 min， 40%-95%B； 40-42 min， 95%B； 42-42.1 min， 95%-20%B； 42.1-45 min， 20%B）， electrospray ionization （ESI） was selected for collection and detection in positive ion mode with the scanning range of m/z 100-1 250 and ion source temperature at 500 ℃. The data were analyzed by PeakView 1.2.0.3， the components were identified according to the primary and secondary MS data， and combined with the reference substance and literature. After normalized treatment by MarkerView 1.2.1， the MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， and then the differential components before and after processing were screened. The content changes of differential components were analyzed according to the relative peak area. ResultA total of 30 components were identified under positive ion mode， including 28 prototerpene triterpenes and 2 sesquiterpenes. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in components from Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water， and 10 differential components （alisol B 23-acetate， alisol I， alismol， 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate， alisol B， alisol C， 11-deoxy-alisol B， alisol G， 11-deoxy-alisol C and alisol A） were screened， and the contents of alisol G and alisol A decreased significantly after processing. ConclusionUPLC-Q-TOF-MS can comprehensively and accurately identify the chemical constituents in raw and salt-processed products of Alismatis Rhizoma. It takes a great difference in the contents of chemical constituents before and after processing， and the difference of substituents is the main reason for this differences， which can provide reference for determining the material basis of efficacy changes of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water.

Analysis of Terpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma Before and After Processing with Salt-water Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify the chemical constituents of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， and to investigate the changes of terpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water. MethodUPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to detect with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B）as mobile phase for gradient elution （0-0.01 min， 20%B； 0.01-5 min， 20%-40%B； 5-40 min， 40%-95%B； 40-42 min， 95%B； 42-42.1 min， 95%-20%B； 42.1-45 min， 20%B）， electrospray ionization （ESI） was selected for collection and detection in positive ion mode with the scanning range of m/z 100-1 250 and ion source temperature at 500 ℃. The data were analyzed by PeakView 1.2.0.3， the components were identified according to the primary and secondary MS data， and combined with the reference substance and literature. After normalized treatment by MarkerView 1.2.1， the MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， and then the differential components before and after processing were screened. The content changes of differential components were analyzed according to the relative peak area. ResultA total of 30 components were identified under positive ion mode， including 28 prototerpene triterpenes and 2 sesquiterpenes. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in components from Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water， and 10 differential components （alisol B 23-acetate， alisol I， alismol， 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate， alisol B， alisol C， 11-deoxy-alisol B， alisol G， 11-deoxy-alisol C and alisol A） were screened， and the contents of alisol G and alisol A decreased significantly after processing. ConclusionUPLC-Q-TOF-MS can comprehensively and accurately identify the chemical constituents in raw and salt-processed products of Alismatis Rhizoma. It takes a great difference in the contents of chemical constituents before and after processing， and the difference of substituents is the main reason for this differences， which can provide reference for determining the material basis of efficacy changes of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water.

Analysis of Differences of Volatile Components in Atractylodis Rhizoma Before and After Processing with Rice-washed Water by HS-GC-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveBy comparing the composition and content changes of the volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma before and after processing with rice-washed water， the effect of rice-washed water processing on volatile components in Atractylodis Rhizoma was investigated. MethodHeadspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （HS-GC-MS） was used to detect the volatile components in rhizomes of Atractylodes chinensis and A. lancea， and their processed products of rice-washed water. Chromatographic conditions were programmed temperature （starting temperature of 50 ℃ for 2 min， rising to 120 ℃ with the speed of 10 ℃·min-1， then rising to 170 ℃ at 2.5 ℃·min-1， and rising to 240 ℃ at 10 ℃·min-1 for 3 min）， the inlet temperature was 280 ℃， the split ratio was 10∶1， and the solvent delay time was 3 min. The conditions of mass spectrometry were electron bombardment ionization （EI） with ionization temperature at 230 ℃ and detection range of m/z 20-650. Then the relative content of each component was determined by the peak area normalization method. SIMCA 14.1 software was used to perform unsupervised principal component analysis （PCA） and supervised orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） on each sample data， the differential components of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its processed products were screened by the principle of variable importance in the projection （VIP） value>1. ResultA total of 60 components were identified， among which 40 were rhizomes of A. chinensis and 38 were its processed products， 46 were rhizomes of A. lancea and 47 were its processed products. PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the 4 kinds of Atractylodis Rhizoma samples were clustered into one category respectively， indicating that the volatile components of the two kinds of Atractylodis Rhizoma were significantly changed after processing with rice-washed water， and there were also significant differences in the volatile components of rhizomes of A. lancea and A. chinensis. The compound composition of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its processed products was basically the same， but the content of the compounds was significantly different. The differential components were mainly concentrated in monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids， and the content of monoterpenoids mostly showed a decreasing trend. ConclusionAfter processing with rice-washed water， the contents of volatile components in rhizomes of A. lancea and A. chinensis are significantly changed， and pinene， 3-carene， p-cymene， ocimene， terpinolene， atractylon， acetic acid and furfural can be used as difference markers before and after processing.

Research progress of endoplasmic reticulum stress in methamphetamine induced neurotoxicity / 中国药理学通报

At present, METH has surpassed the traditional illegal psychoactive substances and become the most widely abused illegal psychostimulant in China.Endoplasmic reticulum ( ER) plays an important role in regulating the normal physiological functions of various cells by virtue of its strong membrane strnc- ture and a large number of enzymes on the membrane.Endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS) is a series of adaptive responses made by cells when ER homeostasis is destroyed.When ERS occurs, it will drive the activation of unfolded protein response (I PR ) , which aims to protect cells from stress, reduce biosyn- thetic load and help to rebuild cell homeostasis.Persistent ERS will further aggravate the pressure of ER and induce cell death by using UPR signaling pathway.'Hie neurotoxicity induced by METH is closely related to ERS.This paper elaborates on ERS and UPR signaling pathway, and summarizes the relationship between ERS.apoptosis and autophagy, so as to provide new ideas and potential therapeutic targets for the basic research and prevention of METH induced neurotoxicity mechanism.

Explanation of Scientific Connotation of Euodiae Fructus Stir-fried with Coptidis Rhizoma Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and Pattern Recognition Technology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze changes of the chemical composition in Euodiae Fructus before and after processing with Coptidis Rhizoma decoction， so as to provide scientific basis for elucidating the processing mechanism of this decoction pieces. MethodUltra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） was performed on a Titank C18 column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm）， the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile for gradient elution， the column temperature was set at 40 ℃， the flow rate was 0.25 mL·min-1. Electrospray ionization （ESI） was used to scan in positive and negative ion modes， and the scanning range was m/z 50-1 250. The chemical constituents in Euodiae Fructus were identified before and after processing by reference substance comparison， database matching and literature reference， and MarkerView™ 1.2.1 software was used to normalize the obtained data， SIMCA-P 14.1 software was employed to perform principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） on MS data of raw and processed products to screen the differential components before and after processing. ResultA total of 50 compounds were identified， including 48 kinds of stir-fried products with Coptidis Rhizoma decoction and 44 kinds of raw products. After processing， six compounds were added， including danshensu， noroxyhydrastinine， oxyberberine， 13-methylberberrubine， protopine and canadine. However， two kinds of compounds， including （S）-7-hydroxysecorutaecarpine and wuchuyuamide Ⅱ， were not detected after processing. In general， after processing， the overall contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids decreased significantly， the overall content of limonoids increased， and the overall content of alkaloids did not decrease insignificantly. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in the composition and content of the chemical components of Euodiae Fructus before and after processing， and a total of 12 variables such as quercetin， dihydrorutaecarpine and dehydroevodiamine were obtained by screening. ConclusionEuodiae Fructus stir-fried with Coptidis Rhizoma decoction mainly contains phenolic acids， flavonoids， limonoids and alkaloids. The composition and content of the chemical components have some changes before and after processing. The addition of processing excipients and hot water immersion are the main reasons for the difference， which can provide experimental basis for interpretation of the processing mechanism of this characteristic processed products of Euodiae Fructus.

Research progress inradiation-induced hypothyroidism in patients with head and neck cancers / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Radiotherapy is an important treatment method for head and neck cancers.However, owing to the complex anatomic structure, the thyroid will be inevitably radiated during radiotherapy.Radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RIHT)and its impacts on somatic function have gradually attracted people′s attention.This review summarizes the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, risk factors, predictive models, assessment, and treatment of RIHT of patients with head and neck cancers.

Role of miRNA-324-5p-Modified Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Post-Myocardial Infarction Repair

Background and Objectives@#To seek out the role of mircoRNA (miR)-324-5p-modified adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in post-myocardial infarction (MI) myocardial repair. @*Methods@#and Results: Rat ADSCs were cultivated and then identified by morphologic observation, osteogenesis and adipogenesis induction assays and flow cytometry. Afterwards, ADSCs were modified by miR-324-5p lentiviral vector, with ADSC proliferation and migration measured. Then, rat MI model was established, which was treated by ADSCs or miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs. Subsequently, the function of miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs in myocardial repair of MI rats was assessed through functional assays. Next, the binding relation of miR-324-5p and Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) was validated. Eventually, functional rescue assay of TOLLIP was performed to verify the role of TOLLIP in MI. First, rat ADSCs were harvested. Overexpressed miR-324-5p improved ADSC viability. ADSC transplantation moderately enhanced cardiac function of MI rats, reduced enzyme levels and decreased infarct size and apoptosis;while miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs could better promote post-MI repair. Mechanically, miR-324-5p targeted TOLLIP in myocardial tissues. Moreover, TOLLIP overexpression debilitated the promotive role of miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs in post-MI repair in rats. @*Conclusions@#miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs evidently strengthened post-MI myocardial repair by targeting TOLLIP in myocardial tissues.

Role of miRNA-324-5p-Modified Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Post-Myocardial Infarction Repair

Background and Objectives@#To seek out the role of mircoRNA (miR)-324-5p-modified adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in post-myocardial infarction (MI) myocardial repair. @*Methods@#and Results: Rat ADSCs were cultivated and then identified by morphologic observation, osteogenesis and adipogenesis induction assays and flow cytometry. Afterwards, ADSCs were modified by miR-324-5p lentiviral vector, with ADSC proliferation and migration measured. Then, rat MI model was established, which was treated by ADSCs or miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs. Subsequently, the function of miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs in myocardial repair of MI rats was assessed through functional assays. Next, the binding relation of miR-324-5p and Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) was validated. Eventually, functional rescue assay of TOLLIP was performed to verify the role of TOLLIP in MI. First, rat ADSCs were harvested. Overexpressed miR-324-5p improved ADSC viability. ADSC transplantation moderately enhanced cardiac function of MI rats, reduced enzyme levels and decreased infarct size and apoptosis;while miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs could better promote post-MI repair. Mechanically, miR-324-5p targeted TOLLIP in myocardial tissues. Moreover, TOLLIP overexpression debilitated the promotive role of miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs in post-MI repair in rats. @*Conclusions@#miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs evidently strengthened post-MI myocardial repair by targeting TOLLIP in myocardial tissues.

A case with α-thalassemia caused by novel start codon variant in conjunct with right deletion variant of α2-globin gene / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The explore the genetic basis for a patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia and iron deficiency anemia.@*METHODS@#Common deletions and variants of the globin genes were detected by Gap-PCR and next generation sequencing (NGS). Suspected mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Gap-PCR and NGS showed that the proband has carried a αα/-α @*CONCLUSION@#Patients with α HBA2 c.2T>A(p.Met1Lys) α/-α

TET methylcytosine oxidases: new insights from a decade of research

In primates, males compete for a mate, which is a non-sharable resource. This makes the conditions lessconducive for males to have stable relationships. One such special kind of relationship is a bond where theinteractions are reciprocated, equitable and differentiated. Bonds in macaque societies are based on the degreeof within-group contest competition for mates which is dependent on the synchronization of female fertilephase and reliability of fertility signals. Species of the Fascicularis group, including Nicobar subspecies, showintermediate reliability in the signals with mild peaks, and studies have shown reciprocity but no differentiation. We conducted a study on a group of wild Nicobar long-tailed macaques Macaca fascicularis umbrosusto understand the existing patterns of male-male relationships. We examined whether there is reciprocity inaffiliation among the individuals and whether the rate of affiliation is balanced. We also measured the dominance linearity and steepness in the group to understand the monopolizability of females. We used socialnetwork analysis to understand whether the relations are differentiated based on hierarchical position andwhether the high-ranking individuals are the most central individuals in the distribution of grooming in thegroup. We found that there is reciprocity among the males although that is not equitable. There was no rankrelated differentiation of affiliation among the males of the group. Instead, the identities of individualsinfluenced affiliation patterns. Our results correspond to the existent strong relationships but lack of social bondotherwise found in the Fascicularis group of macaques.

Effect of high-throughput sequencing for the prevention and control of thalassemia / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the value of next generation sequencing (NGS) for the prevention and control of thalassemia.@*METHODS@#NGS was used to sequence 3083 clinical blood samples suspected for thalassemia during initial screening. Retrospective analysis was conducted on blood samples detected with rare genotypes of thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin.@*RESULTS@#NGS analysis of the 3083 samples has found 1089 subjects with thalassemia genotypes (alpha-thelassemia genotype: 26.01%, beta-thalassemia genotype: 6.71%, and alpha-compound-beta genotype: 2.59%), which yielded a positive detection rate of 35.32%. Rare alpha-thalassemia genotypes including HBA2 c.123delG, HBA1 c.354_355insATC and Fusion gene, and rare beta-thalassemia genotypes including HBB c.-100G>A and HBB c.316-90A>G, were discovered. In addition, 19 patients were found to have abnormal hemoglobin, mainly including Hb Hamilton, Hb Hekinan II, Hb Shizuoka, Hb Owari, Hb New York, Hb J-Bangkok and Hb Port Phillip.@*CONCLUSION@#NGS can play a crucial role for improving of the prevention and control of thalassemia and formulating a screening system with better efficacy.

Effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor on liver function and tissue in rats with hepatic hydatidosis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor on liver function and tissue in rats with hepatic hydatidosis.@*Methods@#A model of liver echinococcosis was established in 100 female Wistar rats, 60 of 100 were, randomly divided into three groups, Control group (0.3 ml normal saline), Low dose group (50 μmol/L p38MAPK inhibitor SB-202190), High dose group (100 μmol/L SB-202190B). The reagents were given via the hepatic artery 1, 3, 7, 14 and 42 days after the rat model was generated. Rats were sacrificed 42 days after the intervention, liver tissue and blood samples were collected for liver function study.@*Results@#Alanine aminotransferase levels were (49.58±2.38) U/L, (38.35±1.34) U/L and (30.93±1.51) U/L and aspartic aminotransferase levels were (67.45±5.14) U/L, (54.86±1.09) U/L and (45.76±1.04) U/L in the Control group, the Low-dose group and High-dose group, showing a decreasing trend, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Triglycerides in the Low-dose group were higher than those in Control group and the High-dose group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). In the Control group, the hepatocytes were severely injured, with almost no normal hepatocytes left, and the normal hepatocyte boundaries were also disrupted, he normal hepatic lobule was replaced by the pseudolobules. In the Low-dose group, there were more inflammatory cells, and less replacement of normal liver cells by pseudolobules. High dose group of a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltration, roughly normal liver cells, normal liver cell line is clear, visible central vein of liver cells.@*Conclusion@#p38MAPK inhibitor SB-202190 improved liver function and reduced liver tissue damage in rats with hepatic hydatidosis.

Effect and Safety of Huannao Yicong Formula () in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Donepezil-Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effect and safety of Huannao Yicong Formula (, HYF) in the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD).@*METHODS@#Sixty patients with mild-tomoderate AD were evenly randomized into HYF group and donepezil group with the random number method. Patients in the HYF group took 5 g of HYF granules twice daily and 5 mg placebo of donepezil once daily. Patients in the donepezil group took 5 mg donepezil once daily and 5 g placebo of HYF granules twice daily. The intervention lasted for 6 months. Clinical researchers, participants and statisticians were blinded to the treatment assignment throughout the study. The primary outcomes were scores of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) and Chinese Medicine Symptom Scale (CM-SS). The secondary outcomes were scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). The serum levels of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and amyloid-β protein 42 (Aβ) were detected with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kits. The scale assessments were conducted at baseline, the 3rd and 6th months of treatment, respectively. Biochemistry tests were conducted at baseline and the 6th month of treatment.@*RESULTS@#A total of 52 patients completed the trial, 28 in HYF group and 24 in donepezil group. Compared with the baseline, HYF and donepezil signifificantly decreased the total scores of ADAS-Cog and CM-SS, and signifificantly increased the scores of MoCA and MMSE after 6-month treatment (all P<0.01). Both treatments remarkably reduced the serum levels of AchE and Aβ (both P<0.05). The CM-SS total effective rate of HYF was signifificantly higher than donepezil [75.00% (21/28) vs. 54.17% (13/24), P<0.05]. No severe adverse events were observed in both groups.@*CONCLUSION@#HYF is effective and safe for improving the cognitive function in mildto-moderate AD patients. [Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Reg No. ChiCTR-IOR-17011746)].

Effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor on liver function and tissue in rats with hepatic hydatidosis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)inhibitor on liver function and tissue in rats with hepatic hydatidosis.Methods A model of liver echinococcosis was established in 100 female Wistar rats,60 of 100 were,randomly divided into three groups,Control group(0.3 ml normal saline),Low dose group(50 p,mol/L p38MAPK inhibitor SB-202190),High dose group(100 μmol/L SB-202190B).The reagents were given via the hepatic artery 1,3,7,14 and 42 days after the rat model was generated.Rats were sacrificed 42 days after the interven-tion,liver tissue and blood samples were collected for liver function study.Results Alanine aminotrans-ferase levels were(49.58±2.38)U/L,(38.35±1.34)U/L and(30.93±1.51)U/L and aspartic ami-notransferase levels were(67.45±5.14)U/L,(54.86±1.09)U/L and(45.76±1.04)U/L in the Control group,the Low-dose group and High-dose group,showing a decreasing trend,with statistically sig-nificant differences(all P＜0.05).Triglycerides in the Low-dose group were higher than those in Control group and the High-dose group,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).In the Control group,the hepatocytes were severely injured,with almost no normal hepatocytes left,and the normal hepato-cyte boundaries were also disrupted,he normal hepatic lobule was replaced by the pseudolobules.In the Low-dose group,there were more inflammatory cells,and less replacement of normal liver cells by pseud-olobules.High dose group of a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltration,roughly normal liver cells,normal liver cell line is clear,visible central vein of liver cells.Conclusionp38MAPK inhibitor SB-202 190 improved liver function and reduced liver tissue damage in rats with hepatic hydatidosis.

Study on the external treatment of chronic tonsillitis by traditional Chinese medicine / 中国基层医药

Chronic tonsillitis is a high frequency disease.Chronic tonsillitis is called "Chronic Ru e" in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),In addition to oral medicine treatment,the effect of external treatment for chronic tonsillitis is more significant.This article summarizes the clinical research progress of TCM external therapy in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis in recent years.

Protective effect of propofol on post-hypoxic injury of cardiomyocytes during hyperglycemia / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To study the protective effect of propofol on post-hypoxic injury of car-diomyocytes induced during hyperglycemia.Methods Rat primary H9C2 cardiomyocytes were cul-tured and the model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR)was constructed.The cells were assigned to the following groups:normal control group (group NC),high glucose group (group HG)and HR under high glucose group (group GR),and propofol treated groups in which cells were treated with various concentrations (12.5,25,50,and 100 μmol/L)of propofol (i.e.,groups P12.5,P25,P50 and P100)and the solvent DMSO group (D100 group,DMSO at 100 μmol/L)respectively.(CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),mitochondrial activity,intracellular ATP content and intracellular oxidation of the cells were compared.Results Compared with the groups NC and HG,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the concentration of LDH and MDA,relative concentration of CK-MB and cTnI increased significantly,and the activity of T-SOD,mitochondria and the relative concentration of ATP decreased significantly in the other groups (P<0.05).Com-pared with the group GR,the cell activity increased significantly,the concentration of LDH and MDA ,relative concentration of CK-MB and cTnI were Significantly decreased,and the activity T-SOD, mitochondrial and relative concentration of ATP increased significantly in the groups P12.5,P25 and P50 (P<0.05).Compared with the group P25,the cell viability decreased significantly,the concen-trations of LDH,MDA,relative concentrations of CK-MB and cTnI increased significantly,and the activity of T-SOD and mitochondria and relative concentration of ATP were significantly reduced in the groups P50,P100 and D100 (P<0.05).Conclusion Propofol can reduce the damage of myocar-dial cells by reducing the damage of mitochondria.

A comparative study on the accuracy of axial length and anterior chamber depth in cataract patients with A-scan and IOL Master / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To compare the accuracy of conventional contact A-scan and IOL Master in measuring axial length and anterior chamber depth, and to evaluate the characteristics of these two different methods.METHODS:Totally 145 cases (189 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were observed prospectively.They were divided into five groups according to ocular axial length measured by IOL Master(Group A:AL≤22mm, Group B:22mm28mm).The axial length and anterior chamber depth were measured by A-scan and IOL Master respectively before operation, corneal curvature was measured by IOL Master.AL≤22mm using Hoffer Q formula to calculate the crystal degree, AL>22mm using Haigis formula to calculate the crystal degree.Analysis of axial length, anterior chamber depth and mean absolute refractive error at 3mo after surgery.RESULTS:The axial length measured by A-scan and IOL-master:Group A were 21.48±0.41mm and 21.46±0.40mm (P>0.05);Group B were 23.13±0.62mm and 23.14±0.63mm(P>0.05);Group C were 25.24±0.56mm and 25.27±0.59mm(P>0.05);Group D were 26.97±0.59mm and 27.03±0.64mm(P>0.05);Group E were 30.76±1.40mm and 31.01±1.53mm(P0.05);Group B were 0.48±0.34D and 0.45±0.32D(P>0.05);Group C were 0.56±0.32D and 0.49±0.40D(P>0.05);Group D were 0.64±0.16D and 0.50±0.22D(P>0.05);Group E were 0.91±0.47D and 0.62±0.29D(P0.05).Anterior chamber depth measured by A-scan and IOL Master:Group A were 2.81±0.35mm and 2.82±0.41mm (P>0.05);Group B were 3.04±0.50mm and3.10±0.47mm (P>0.05);Group C were 3.55±0.62mm and 3.60±0.52mm (P>0.05);Group D were 3.42±0.24mm and 3.51±0.30mm(P>0.05);Group E were 3.50±0.28mm and 3.61±0.34mm(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:IOL Master and contact A-scan have a high degree of consistency in the biological measurement, IOL Master has higher accuracy for patients with high myopia and long axis.It is a simple, accurate, good-repeatable and non-contact measurement tool.

Implemeuting Health Impact Assessment Learning from the Theories and Experiences of Environmental Impact Assessment / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To learn from the experiences of environmental impact assessment,and explore the theories and practices of health impact assessment.Methods:With suitability analysis of reference to environmental impact assessment and literature research,the current situation,practices and problems of environmental impact assessment were summarized.Results and Conclusion:Drawing on experiences in environmental impact assessment,it needed to start the establishment and implementation of health impact assessment system with healthy cities,healthy towns and villages,improve relevant laws and regulations,strengthen supervision and management of health impact assessment.