ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate new bone formation using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and locally applied bisphosphonate in rat calvarial defects. METHODS: Thirty-six rats were studied. Two circular 5 mm diameter bony defect were formed in the calvaria using a trephine bur. The bony defect were grafted with Bio-Oss(R) only (group 1, n = 9), Bio-Oss(R) wetted with rhBMP-2 (group 2, n = 9), Bio-Oss(R) wetted with rhBMP-2 and 1 mM alendronate (group 3, n = 9) and Bio-Oss(R) wetted with rhBMP-2 and 10 mM alendronate (group 4, n = 9). In each group, three animals were euthanized at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, respectively. The specimens were then analyzed by histology, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry analysis. RESULTS: There were significant decrease of bone formation area (p < 0.05) between group 4 and group 2, 3. Group 3 showed increase of new bone formation compared to group 2. In immunohistochemistry, collagen type I and osteoprotegerin (OPG) didn't show any difference. However, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) decreased with time dependent except group 4. CONCLUSION: Low concentration bisphosphonate and rhBMP-2 have synergic effect on bone regeneration and this is result from the decreased activity of RANKL of osteoblast.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Alendronate , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 , Bone Regeneration , Collagen Type I , Immunohistochemistry , Osteoblasts , Osteogenesis , Osteoprotegerin , RANK Ligand , Skull , TransplantsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study compares the bone formation ability of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with and without recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and assesses TCP as a carrier of rhBMP-2. METHODS: Bilateral round defects (diameter: 8.0 mm) were formed in the cranium of eight New Zealand white rabbits. The defects were grafted with TCP only (control group) or with rhBMP-2-coated TCP (experimental group). The animals were sacrificed at 1st week, 2nd week, 4th week, and 8th week postoperatively; two rabbits sacrificed each time. The skulls were harvested and subjected to radiographic and histological examination. RESULTS: Radiologic evaluation showed faster bone remodeling in the experimental group than in the control group. Histologic evaluation (H&E, Masson's trichrome stain) showed rapid bone formation, remodeling and calcification in the 1st and 2nd week in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed higher expression rate of osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB in the experimental group at the 1st and 2nd week than in the control group. CONCLUSION: rhBMP-2 coated TCP resulted in rapid bone formation, remodeling, and calcification due to rhBMP-2's osteogenic effect. TCP performed properly as a carrier for rhBMP-2. Thus, the use of an rhBMP-2 coating on TCP had a synergic effect on bone healing and, especially, bone remodeling and maturation.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rabbits , Bone Regeneration , Bone Remodeling , Escherichia coli , Osteogenesis , Osteoprotegerin , RANK Ligand , Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B , Skull , TransplantsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: MDM-2 is an oncoprotein that inhibits p53 tumor suppressor protein. Amplication and over- expression of its protein have been observed in human malignancies, and these abnormalities have a role in tumorigenesis through inactivation of p53 function. To elucidate the role of p53 and MDM-2 protein in cervical neoplasia we investigated the expression rates of MDM-2 and p53 protein in surgically resected specimens. METHEDS: Immunohistochemical studies using anti-p53 and anti-MDM-2 protein in the paraffin embedded section of 62 cases including cervical intraepithelial neoplasm(CIN) and invasive cervical cancer were performed. RESULTS: Expression rates of p53 protein were 25% in CIN I& CINII, 20% in CINIII, and 44% in invasive carcinoma, respectively. The MDM-2 protein were 33% in CIN I & CIN II, 16% in CIN III, and 48% in invasive carcinoma, respectively. There was no evident correlation between p53 positivity and MDM-2 positivity(p>0.05). However, correlation between MDM-2 negativity and p53 negativity was statistically significant(p=0.002) CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the expression of p53 protein is presumed to be necessarily correlated with MDM-2 protein expression in cervical neoplasia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinogenesis , Paraffin , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 , Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsABSTRACT
An attempt has been made to evaluate diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin response to diphtheria and tetanus toxoid as pressently marketed in Korea. A total of 80 infants divided in two groups according to doses of vaccine, were studied One group of 30 infants (group I ) received 1, 2 or 3 doses of D. P. T. vaccine (0.3ml, each) at approximately monthly interval. 1) In control group of 19 infants not immunized, the protective level of diphtheria antitoxin was found in 36.8% of infants, and the protective level of tetanus antitoxin was found in 5.3% of infants. These finding suggested the antitoxin level which was passively transmitted from the mother. 2) The frequency of diphtheria and tetanus vaccination correlates with antitoxin level, but there was no difference in antitoxin response between group I or group 11. 3) The antitoxin response were more excellant in infants given same dose of vaccine divided into multiple dose. 4) In both group I and 11, 100% of infants achieved protective level of diphtheria (0.03u/ml) and tetanus antitoxin (0.1u/ml) after 3 primary vaccination.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Diphtheria Antitoxin , Diphtheria , Korea , Mothers , Tetanus , Tetanus Antitoxin , Tetanus Toxoid , VaccinationABSTRACT
A case of congenital syphilitic nephrotic syndrome in 5-month old male infant was presented. The diagnosis was established by clinical, labortory, X-ray findings and good clinical response after penicillin therapy. A brief review of literature on syphilitic nephrotic syndrome was made.