ABSTRACT
Objective@#In the present study, the ABCA1 was used as a label to capture specific exosomes, the level of ABCA1-labeled exosomal microRNA-135a (miR-135a) was evaluated for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in patients with early stages of AD.@*Methods@#This is a preliminary research focused on the levels of ABCA1 in WBCs, RBCs, HT-22 cells, and neuron cells. The diagnostic value of ABCA1-labeled exosomal miR-135a was examined using the CSF and serum of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, and 152 patients with SCD, 131 patients with MCI, 198 patients with DAT, and 30 control subjects.@*Results@#The level of ABCA1 exosomes harvested from HT-22 cells and neuron culture medium was significantly higher compared to that of RBCs and WBCs ( @*Conclusion@#This study outlines a method to capture specific exosomes and detect them using immunological methods, which is more efficient for early diagnosis of AD.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/cerebrospinal fluid , Alzheimer Disease/cerebrospinal fluid , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , Cell Line , Cognitive Dysfunction/cerebrospinal fluid , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Exosomes , Leukocytes/metabolism , Mice, Transgenic , MicroRNAs/blood , Neurons/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#MicroRNAs (miRs) are attractive molecules to be considered as one of the blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of this study was to explore their potential value as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD.@*METHODS@#The expression levels of exosomal miR-135a, -193b, and -384 in the serum from mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia of Alzheimer-type (DAT), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD), and vascular dementia (VaD) patients were measured with a real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) method.@*RESULTS@#Both serum exosome miR-135a and miR-384 were up-regulated while miR-193b was down-regulated in serum of AD patients compared with that of normal controls. Exosome miR-384 was the best among the three miRs to discriminate AD, VaD, and PDD. Using the cut-off value could better interpret these laboratory test results than reference intervals in the AD diagnosis. ROC curve showed that the combination of miR-135a, -193b, and -384 was proved to be better than a particular one for early AD diagnosis.@*CONCLUSION@#Our results indicated that the exosomal miRs in the serum were not only potential biomarker of AD early diagnosis, but might also provide novel insights into the screen and prevention of the disease.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Alzheimer Disease , Blood , Biomarkers , Blood , Case-Control Studies , Cognitive Dysfunction , Blood , Dementia, Vascular , Blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Early Diagnosis , Exosomes , Metabolism , MicroRNAs , Blood , Parkinson Disease , Blood , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the automatic biochemical analyzer when used to detect urinary vanilmandelic acid (VMA), and to compare it with manual method. Methods The automatic biochemical analyzer using homogenous enzyme immunoassay technology was compared with the manual method on accuracy, precision, linear range, recovery rate, anti-interference capability and etc when used to detect VMA.The comparison was also carried out on positive rate and etc when the two methods were used to test the urine specimens of the healthy subjects and suspected patients of hypertension, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Results The two methods both had the results on accuracy, precision, linear range, recovery rate, anti-interference capability meet the requirements described in the instruction of reagent kit, while the analyzer gained advantages over the manual method.The positive rates by the two methods for testing urine specimens were similar,while the analyzer behaved better in diagnosing the patient with critical value.Conclusion The analyzer proves better than the manual method when used to detect VMA,and thus is worthy promoting in clinical trial.