Antilithiatic activity of poly-herbal formulation tablets by in-vitro method.

Hydroalcoholic extracts of Kalanchoe pinnata and Rotula aquatica and its combination were formulated herbal tablets, evaluated for antilithiatic in vitro method. The homogenous precipitation method was used. The study was carried out in glass tubes. The buffer system used was TRIS buffer pH 7.4. The experiment consists of the following tubes for control and test, 25 ml each of 25 mM CaCl2. 2H2O, 25 mM Na2HPO4. 2H2O or 25mM Na2C2O4. To the tubes of each set, tablet formulation or an equal amount of vehicle was added. The tubes were incubated at 37°C for 4 h. The precipitate of calcium phosphate was generated by mixing 1 ml of solution from the tubes having calcium chloride dihydrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate monohydrate and Calcium oxalate precipitate was generated by mixing 1 ml of solutions from the tubes having calcium chloride dihydrate and sodium oxalate solutions. Calcium was estimated using titrimetry and phosphorus was estimated using colorimetric analysis. Appropriate standard curves were done with each set of experiments. The amounts of precipitate of calcium and phosphate were determined in each of the respectively. The percent inhibition of the test was calculated in comparison with the control samples. Herbal tablet formulation showed antilithiatic activity to the marketed formulation in terms of inhibiting the formation of phosphate precipitate but showed a significantly better potential in preventing the formation of the calcium precipitate. The herbal tablet formulation of Kalanchoe pinnata and Rotula aquatica have inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate crystallization thus may be beneficial in the treatment of renal lithiasis.

Evaluation of Hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Polyalthiya longifolia fruits: An In-vitro and In-vivo approach.

The aim of the study was to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Polyalthiya longifolia fruits (MEPL) by in-vitro and in-vivo methods.In the invitro study, Freshly isolated rat primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells were exposed with CCl4 along with/without various concentrations of MEPL(125,250,500 μg/kg) and the effects were studied.In the in-vivo studies, CCl4 intoxication method was used and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin and total proteins were estimated and supported with histopathological studies.MEPL (125,250,500 μg/kg) treated animals increased the percentage of viability in both primary hepatocytes (p<0.001) and in HepG2 cells (p<0.01) where as in the invivo studies,MEPL produced significant hepatoprotective effect by decreasing the elevated serum enzymes, bilirubin, LPO and significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) .Moreover, in-vitro antioxidant studies revealed that MEPL scavenged free radicals and maximum percentage of inhibition was 62% at 800μg/mL. In addition to this, treatment with MEPL fruits showed a dose dependent reversal of histopathological changes. Based on the results, we conclude that, MEPL possesses hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity against CCl4 intoxication in both in-vitro and in-vivo methods through its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties.