ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of pertussis vaccination on the clinical manifestations of infants and young children with pertussis.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed to investigate the differences in clinical manifestations and peripheral blood cell levels between pertussis children with different pertussis vaccination status.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 083 children with pertussisat at age of < 3 years were enrolled, with 551 children in the unvaccinated group and 532 in the vaccinated group. Of all the children, 392 had an age of onset of < 3 months (372 were unvaccinated and 20 were vaccinated) and 691 children had an age of onset of ≥ 3 months (179 were unvaccinated and 512 were vaccinated). Compared with the vaccinated group, the unvaccinated group had a longer length of hospital stay and a higher incidence rate of respiratory failure (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Pertussis vaccination can reduce the incidence of severe pneumonia and respiratory failure and alleviate the severity of respiratory complications in infants and young children with pertussis.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Incidence , Pneumonia , Retrospective Studies , Vaccination , Whooping Cough/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Objective To preliminary evaluate the efficacy and safety of Lev therapy in infant with epilepsy .Methods To chil-dren with infant epilepsy in the Department of Neurology of Chongqing Children′s Hospital from May 2010 to February 2012 were enrolled .All of them took Lev mono-therapy or adjunctive therapy .Investigation was done by self-controlled and retrospective re-search .There were 70 patients received Lev therapy ,aging from one month to one year old ,and 39 patients received mono-therapy , 31 patients received adjunctive therapy .All subjects were divided into 2 groups ,12 patients in partial seizure group and 58 patients in generalized seizure group .Then all patients took a 7 months Lev therapy after initial medication .The seizure frequency change , seizure situation ,side effect were observed .Results During the follow-up ,5 patients lost their follow-up(3 case in mono-therapy group ,2 case in adjunctive therapy group)and 3 patients died .In mono-therapy group ,83 .33% of patients got responder and 16 . 67% of patients unmodified or worsen ,while those in adjunctive therapy group were 58 .62% and 41 .38% ,respectively .And there was significant difference between two groups(P0 .05) .During the study ,22 patients ended Lev therapy for some reasons .77 .27% of patients discontinued in 1-6 months and 22 .73% of patients in 7-34 months .Number of the adverse reac-tions was 14 .Main adverse reactions observed were anorexia and sleep disorders in early .3(4 .61% )of 65 patients discontinued ther-apies for the adverse reaction ,but there was no death caused by adverse reaction .Conclusion The Lev mono-therapy and adjunctive therapy are both effective in infant with epilepsy ,and Lev therapy is effective in infant epilepsy .
ABSTRACT
In recent years,researches on many autoimmune diseases show that Th17 and follicular helper T cells(Tfh cells) induce the happening of many autoimmune diseases via IL-21,STAT3 or other cytokines and signaling pathway.IL-21,as the common cytokine of Th17 and Tfh cells,plays an important role on their differentiation and development and function playing.This paper reviews the role of Thl7 and Tfh cells as well as their cytokines in myasthenia gravis,systemic lupus erythematosus and inflammaotoy bowel disease.