ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of aromatherapy on agitation in patients with dementia using a meta-analysis and systemic literature review. METHODS: The EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and other databases were searched up to November 2017. RESULTS: Of 419 publications identified, 12 met inclusion criteria, and 9 studies were used to estimate the effect size of aromatherapy. A total of 837 participants across all studies were included. The commonly applied methods were massage (50%), type of oil lavender (75%), and instrument Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (75%). A medium effect size of aromatherapy on agitation was identified (d=−0.56, I2=65.0%, p=.001). The massage group has lower effect size than the other group (d=−0.98, I2=0.0%, p=.001). CONCLUSION: Aromatherapy appears to be effective in improving agitation in patients with dementia. However, further studies for home-dwelling patients with dementia and with different types of aroma oil should be conducted in the future. In addition, research with well-designed are needed to assess the effects or aromatherapy on agitation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aromatherapy , Dementia , Dihydroergotamine , Lavandula , Massage , Psychomotor AgitationABSTRACT
Although the effects of the rice bran have recently been investigated, there is no information regarding platelet physiology available. However, it is well known that fermented natural plants have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether fermented rice bran extract (FRBE) with several plants (Artemisia princeps, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Cnidium officinale, and Camellia sinensis) affected agonist-induced platelet aggregation, and if so, what the underlying mechanism of its activity was. We performed several experiments, including in vitro platelet aggregation, intracellular calcium concentration and adenosine triphosphate release. In addition, the activation of integrin alphaIIbbeta3 was determined using fibrinogen binding. Thrombus formation was also evaluated in vivo using an arterio-venous shunt model. The FRBE inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. FRBE significantly and dose dependently attenuated thrombus formation using rat arterio-venous shunt. FRBE suppressed the intracellular calcium mobilization in collagen-stimulated platelets. We also found that FRBE inhibited extracellular stimuli-responsive kinase 1/2, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinases and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. These results suggested that FRBE inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, which was mediated by modulation of downstream signaling molecules. In conclusion, FRBE could be developed as a functional food against aberrant platelet activation-related cardiovascular diseases.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Adenosine Triphosphate , Angelica , Blood Platelets , Calcium , Camellia , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cnidium , Collagen , Fibrinogen , Functional Food , JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , Phosphorylation , Phosphotransferases , Physiology , Platelet Aggregation , Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex , Protein Kinases , ThrombosisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 'Logotherapy with Exercise' on the meaning of life, ego integrity and IADL's in the Elderly. METHOD: This quasi-experimental study was designed for a nonequivalent control group repeated measurement study. This study was done from Oct. 13. 2004 to Dec. 18. 2004. The subjects were between the ages of 65 to 75, who were literate in Korean and able to communicate and participate in physical exercise without any discomfort. The experimental group was 25 subjects and the control group was 26. The 5-week 'Logotherapy with Exercise' program was given to the experimental group. Data was analyzed by chi-square, t-test, ANCOVA, ANOVA, and post-hoc comparison by Bonferroni correction with the SPSS/WIN 12.0. RESULTS: The experimental group had a greater difference in meaning of life, ego integrity and IADL's than the control group. The experimental group had differences in changes in meaning of life, ego integrity and IADL's during time period. CONCLUSION: 'Logotherapy with Exercise' can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention for the elderly.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Activities of Daily Living , Ego , Exercise , Life Change Events , Program Evaluation , Psychotherapy , Quality of Life , Self ConceptABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Yakson therapy as a pain management tool on the physiologic and behavioral reponses of infants with a painful heelstick procedure. METHOD: Infants were randomly assigned to a group that underwent a series of Yakson therapy and a control that received nothingbefore a heelstick. Heart rate, oxygen saturation, and NIPS were compared between the experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) infants during an undisturbed baseline and after a standard heelstick procedure. Yakson therapy consisted of laying a hand on the back, and caressing the abdomen by hand for 5 minutes. RESULT: The pain scores of the Yakson group were lower than the control group. Foroxygen saturation, there were statistically significant differences between groups. For heart rate, there were no statistically significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION: This data suggests that Yakson therapy had a pain relief effect in behavior responses and SaO2. Accordingly, Yakson therapy should be used as a nursing intervention for simple pain management for a heel prick.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Blood Specimen Collection , Heart Rate , Heel , Neonatal Nursing , Oximetry , Pain/nursing , Pain Measurement , Punctures/adverse effects , Therapeutic Touch/methodsABSTRACT
Recently, many researches have been carried out on the production of artificial tissue using tissue engineering. However, studies on fat tissue are still insufficient. The purpose of this study was to examine that alginate sponge can be used as a three-dimensional scaffold for the culture of preadipocytes compared with fibroblasts, and that preadipocytes can differentiate into mature adipocytes in this sponge. The 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the 3T3 fibroblasts were separately cultured in three-dimensional alginate sponge for 14 days. The morphology of cell and sponge, cell proliferation rate, and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity were evaluated at the indicated periods. The results were as follows; 1. The alginate sponge showed a highly porous, well-interconnected pore structure and the sizes of pores were from 100 to 400micrometer. 2. The fibroblasts in sponge exhibited spindle shape with long irregular fibers on the 7th day and there was no oil-red O stained cell until 14 days. However, the preadipocytes in alginate sponge were round and some of cells transformed into mature fat cells which were stained with oil-red O after 14 days. 3. The proliferation rates of preadipocyte group were increased gradually during the culture period, but lower than those of fibroblast group(P< 0.05). 4. The glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activities of preadipocyte group were significantly higher than those of fibroblast group during the culture period(P< 0.05), and the activities of 14 day-cultured preadipocytes were about 30 times higher than those of 7 day-cultured preadipocytes. The results suggest that alginate sponge, which has fixed shape and porosity, is adequate three-dimensional scaffolds for culture of fibroblast and preadipocyte. In addition, preadipocytes could be well proliferated and differentiated into adipocyte in the alginate sponge.
Subject(s)
Adipocytes , Cell Proliferation , Fibroblasts , Glycerol , Oxidoreductases , Porifera , Porosity , Tissue EngineeringABSTRACT
We encountered a case of Sweet's syndrome associated with myelodysplastic syndrome in a 60-year-old woman. The clinical presentation strongly suggested Sweet's syndrome. A skin biopsy specimen taken from her skin lesion on the leg showed an infiltration of numerous neutrophils in the subcutis instead of the dermis which is the main area of neutrophilic infiltration in Sweet's syndrome. Among infiltrating cells, many neutrophils(8%) showed nuclear segmentation anomalies, that is, hyposegmentation(pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly) or hypersegmentation. Peripheral blood neutrophils had similar anomalies. This subcutaneous variant of Sweet's syndrome, Sweet's panniculitis, is rare and nuclear segmentation anomalies of neutrophils are probably a good clue to underlying myelodysplastic syndrome.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Biopsy , Dermis , Leg , Myelodysplastic Syndromes , Neutrophils , Panniculitis , Skin , Sweet SyndromeABSTRACT
Mycobacterium marinum is a photochromogenic and slowly growing acid-fast organism classified in Runyon's group I of atypical mycobacteria. Infection with M. marinum occurs when the organism is inoculated usually in association with exposure to contaminated water and the disease is characteristically limited to the skin but deep soft tissue may be involved. We report a case of M. marinum infection in a 43-year-old man with erythematous verrucous plaque on his right knee, which was caused by a shell wound on a beach 3 months ago. The skin biopsy specimen showed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and several small epithelioid granulomas in the dermis. Culture of the tissue specimen revealed slowly growing whitish colonies in the dark, which changed yellowish after exposure to light. The microorganism was identified as M. marinum by biochemical tests, and was confirmed by the DNA-DNA hybridization method. The skin lesion disappeared after 3 moaths of treatment with minocycline, 200mg daily.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Biopsy , Dermis , Granuloma , Hyperplasia , Knee , Minocycline , Mycobacterium marinum , Mycobacterium , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria , Skin , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of sonohysterography in the detection of abnormalities of the uterine cavity in infertile patients, compared with other diagnostic methods, such as transvaginal sonography, hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy. METHODS: Three intrauterine pathologies including intrauterine synechiae, endometrial polyp and submucosal myoma, that could be possible causes of infertility were diagnosed. RESULTS: Transvaginal ultrasonography and hysterosalpingography were able to detect 41.7% and 83.3% of uterine pathologies respectively comparing with sonohysterography to detect all of the uterine pathologies. CONCLUSION: Our results show that sonohysterography is easy, inexpensive, well-tolerated and non-invasive technique with high sensitivity in the detection of uterine pathologies. Therefore the use of sonohysterography for the diagnosis of intrauterine pathologies in infertile patients is highly recommended.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Diagnosis , Gynatresia , Hysterosalpingography , Hysteroscopy , Infertility , Myoma , Pathology , Polyps , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
A case of Down's syndrome in which transient myeloproliferative disorder developed is described. In hematologic findings of peripheral blood, high blast cell count on 1st day of birth had been found and after serial follow-up for several weeks, decrease in WBC counts from 22.6x10(9)/L to 7.5x10(9)/L and blast cell counts from 31% to 2% occurred. The karyotype of his patient was 45,XY, der (13;14) (q10;q10), der(14;21) (q10;q10), +21. Karyotyping of his father revealed 45,XY, der(13;14) (q10;q10). Without specific chemotherapy, hematologic and clinical recovery was occurred within several weeks. We deport a case of transient myeloproliferative disorder in Robertsonian translocatlon type of Down's syndrome accompanying another Robertsonian translocation, der (13;14) (q10;q10), inherited from his father.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Count , Down Syndrome , Drug Therapy , Fathers , Follow-Up Studies , Karyotype , Karyotyping , Myeloproliferative Disorders , ParturitionABSTRACT
Various clinical and histopathologic characteristics are currently used to obtain prognostic information about cervical carcinoma, but they do not predict accurately the outcome for any individual patients. Thus, there is a need to identify additional tumor characteristics that are able to predict more accurately the outcome for an individual patient with cervical cancer. In this study, we explored the relationship between cathepsin-D expression and progression of the cervical neoplasia, the correlation between response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cathepsin-D expression, and we investigated if tumor cell cathepsin-D expression could serve as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma. Tumor tissues were obtained from 14 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 52 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Cathepsin-D expression was identified by immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antibody cathepsin-D (BioGene). Positive cathepsin-D immunoreaction in greater than 30% of carcinoma cells was scored as high expression High cathepsin-D expression was seen in 15 of 52 invasive cervical cancer but was absent in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. It was shown that cathepsin-D expression was independent of the tumor grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, depth of invasion, parametrial invasion, and response to chemotherapy. In disease free survival analysis by log-rank test, cathepsin-D expression was not significantly associated with survival. These results show that cathepsin-D expression is not a clinically useful adjunct to assessment of prognosis in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Cervix Uteri , Disease-Free Survival , Drug Therapy , Lymph Nodes , Prognosis , Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Because specific chromosomal abnormalities are associated with certain hematologic disorders, cytogenetic studies can help classifing the diseases, providing the clues of disease progression and being used to monitor remission after chemotherapy. In this study, cytogenetic analysis was performed. In acute and chronic leukemic patients in Korea and the results were compared with foreign cytogenetic reports, and the typical acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) associated chromosome aberrations were analysed by some calculated parameters to clarify if the specific chromosomal abberations in the specific types or subtypes of leukemias had diagnostic value or not. METHOD: Chromosome studies were done in bone marrow or peripheral blood samples by high resolution banding technique. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of finding or not finding a given aberration were calculated for followings : for the differential diagnosis between ALL and AML when a patient is known to have acute leukemia, for the differential diagnosis among AML and ALL FAB subtypes in a patient with known AML and ALL. RESULTS: The high positive predictive values (1.0) in the AML versus ALL comparison were found for -7, del(7) (q11-34q22-36), +8s, t(8;21) (q22;q22), t(15;17) (q22;q11), inv (16) (q13;q22) and -Y. Among the AML subtypes, the highest sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values were 0.85, 0.97, 0.94 for t(15;17) (q22;q11) in M3, respectively. The high positive predictive values and specificity in the ALL versus AML comparison were found for t(1;19) (q23;p13) ,t(4;11) (q21 ;23) and t(8; 14) (q24;q32) Among the ALL subtypes, the highest negative predictive value was 0.99 for t (8;14) (q24;q32) in L3. Among 398 CML cases, Philadelphia chromosome positive CML were shown in 81.9% that were classic t(9;22) (q34;all) (94.5%), complex variant traslocation(1.8%) and additional secondary chromosome aberrations (3.7%) . CONCLUSION: Total chromosomal aberration rate in acute and chronic leukemia in Korea was lower than that in foreign reports, but the patterns of chromosome aberrations were similar except for t(15;17) (q22;q11) in AML patients. Quantitativly calculated data of sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values in the specific chromosomal aberration might be used for diagnostic markers of acute leukemia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Marrow , Chromosome Aberrations , Cytogenetic Analysis , Cytogenetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Progression , Drug Therapy , Korea , Leukemia , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Philadelphia Chromosome , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The maximal removal rate of indocyanine green (ICG Rmax), which has been used as a useful indicator of quantitative assessment of the hepatic function, has some disadvantages such as high cost, requirement of multiple sampling, and long turn-around time. This study was designed to clarify that the measurement of the lidocaine metabolite, monoethylglycinekylidide (MEGX) test, can replace the ICG Rmax. And in healthy adults, MEGX forma pion was measured and compared according to methods of measurement and serf. METHOD: In 18 patients to whom ICG Rmax test was requested, ICG Rmax test was carried out at two doses of 0.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg and MEGX formation after 15 minute of 1 mg/kg lidocaine Injection was measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method. The correlation between them was analyzed, To 25 healthy volunteers included in this study as normal control, lidocaine was given intravenously at, a dose of 1 mg/kg and MEGX forma pion was measured IS and 30 minute later (MEGX15, MEGX30) using both high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and FPIA methods. RESULT: Patient group resealed significant correlation between ICG Rmax and MEGX15 (r=0.7674, p<0.001) and also between ICG Rl5 and MEGX15 (r=0.5612, p=0.008). There was significant difference between MEGX15 of 9 patients with chronic liver diseases and those of normal controls (22.24+/- 13.18 and 35.40+/- 14.43 ng/mL, respectively) (p=0.01). In normal controls, the correlation between methods was significant (p=0.001) and the values measured by FPIA method was significantly higher than that by HPLG (p(0.001). Of the normal controls, male group had higher MEGX15 values than female group in both methods (in HPLC method 33.89+/-15.95 and 22.53+/- 8.36, and in FPIA method 41.48+/-16.61 and 28.81+/-7.88 ng/mL, respectively), and in female group MEGX30 values was significantly elevated compared to MEGX15 (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Inferred from the fact that the correlation between ICG Rmax and MEGX was good, MEGX test can be considered a replacement for ICG Rmax. In healthy adults, it is considered that there is serf-related difference In the rate of lidocaine metabolism so we should pay attention to it in interpreting the MEGX results.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Chromatography, Liquid , Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay , Healthy Volunteers , Indocyanine Green , Lidocaine , Liver Diseases , Mesons , MetabolismABSTRACT
Human epithelial cell line immortalized with Ad12-SV40 hybrid virus was transfected with plasmid containing HPV-16 gene. Among these clones, clone-3 and clone-6 showed neoplastic transformation properties of contact inhibition, anchorage independence and cellular adhesion after 7 subcultures. The results suggest that SV40 gene in the immortalized human cell system be in concert with HPV-16 in the process of neoplastic transformation of human cells. While TGF-Beta1(5ng/ml) inhibited growth of contml cells and clone-1 cells which did not show transformation, there was no significant change on the growth of clone-3 cells with transformation properties. When transcriptional level of fibronectin on control cells and clone-3 cells were analyzed with northern blot technique, transcription of fibronectin an clone-3 cells were higher, as compared with control cells. RNA hybridization techniques were performed to compare trasnscriptional levels of TGF-Beta1 between control cells and clone-3 cells. RNA level on clone-3 cells with transformation properties was higher than on control cells. These studies indicate that TGF-Beta1 is associated with increases of fibronectin, which may lend to changes of TGF-Beta receptor and loss of its inhibitory action on the transformed cells. Thus, it seems that loss of inhibitory action of TGF-Beta which is mediated by changes of fibronectin may account for a possible mechanism of action in the HPV-16 induced transformation of human cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blotting, Northern , Clone Cells , Contact Inhibition , Epithelial Cells , Fibronectins , Human papillomavirus 16 , Plasmids , Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta , RNA , Transforming Growth Factor beta , Transforming Growth Factor beta1ABSTRACT
In contrast to the child with a solitary juvenile polyp, generalized gastrointestinal juvenile polyposis have a much different clinical course. In generalized juvenile polyposis blood loss can be considerable and iron-deficiency anemia is a common observation. Although it is usually regarded as a benign condition, juvenile polyposis may predispose to cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. We experienced a case of nonfamilial generalized gastrointestinal juvenile polyposis with pancytopenia in a 15 year-old male patient who had hospitalized because of intermittent rectal bleeding with anemia for three years. Histological examination of polyps from affected patient revealed a spectrum of change from juvenile polyps, to juvenile polyps with adenomatous changes. Subtotal colectomy, rectal mucosectomy, and endorectal pull-through procedure were successfully performed. No complication has occured since the discharge. A brief review of related literatures is also presented.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Humans , Male , Anemia , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency , Colectomy , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms , Gastrointestinal Tract , Hemorrhage , Pancytopenia , PolypsABSTRACT
A retrospective analysis was performed on 461 pediatric patients under one year of age who had received operation from 1983 to 1990 in department of anesthesiology of Ewha Womans University Hospital. Total number of operation showed incresing tendency, annually, 37 in 1983, 36 in 1984, 43 in 1985, 41 in 1986, 54 in l987, 89 in 1989, 81 in 1989, and 80 in 1990. The eletive and emergency operation com- prised 79% and 21%, respectively. The distribution of the patients by department was general surgery 217, plastic surgery l09, orthopedic surgery 23, neurosurgery l6, cardiothoracic surgery l6, urology 14, and otolaryngology 6. The average age distribution was 149 in 6.to l2 months, l00 in 1 to 3 months, 81 in 1 week to 1 month, 81 in 3 to 6 months, and 50 under 1 week of age. The male to female ratio was 2.7: l. The distribution of induction agents of general anesthesia was ketamine and succinylcholine (SCC) 317, without induction agent(awake intubation) 84, thiopental or diazepam and SCC 23, ketamine and pancronium or vecuronium l2. The most common technique of maintenence anesthesia was the balaced anesthesia. The distribution of disease entity by department was the following inguinal hernia was the most frequent in general surgery, cleft lip in palstic surgery, and hydrocephalus in neurosurgery. The postoperative complication developed in 31 of 461. The most common complications were the respiratory problems, the others were sepsis, heart failures, and convulsions. The motality rate was 1.73%.