Research progress on cancer-related fatigue induced by radiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a symptom associated with cancer and cancer treatment. The incidence of CRF during radiotherapy is extremely high and severely affects the quality of life and treatment compliance of patients. Although more and more studies on CRF have been carried out, the pathogenesis of CRF caused by radiotherapy is still not well understood, and systemic interventions remain to be improved. In this article, the pathogenesis, influencing factors, and interventions of CRF caused by radiotherapy were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for optimizing treatment options in clinical practice.

Risk assessment of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in worker in a metal tool manufacturing enterprise / 中国职业医学

Objective To evaluate the risk of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in workers in a metal tool manufacturing enterprise, and to carry out risk classification and risk management. Methods A total of 91 male noise-exposed workers from a metal tool manufacturing enterprise in Hebei Province were selected as the research subjects using the convenience sampling method. The work site survey on occupational health and the measurement on individual noise exposure level were carried out. The ISO 1999：2013 (E) Acoustics-Estimation of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss was used to predict the risk of high frequency hearing loss (HFHL) and occupational noise-induced deafness (ONID). The risk classification and risk management were conducted using the WS/T 754-2016 Guideline for Risk Management of Occupational Noise Hazard (hereinafter referred to as WS/T 754-2016). Results The individual noise exposure intensity of workers in the six work sites of the enterprise, including blade workers, sheet punching workers, roller forging workers (hoe), hole punching workers, roller forging workers(shovels), and carpenters, exceeded the national occupational exposure limit, with the maximum volume of 91.2-104.1 dB(A). Among these workers, the positions of blade workers, sheet punching workers, and roller forging workers (hoe) were identified as critical control points for noise hazards in the enterprise. The detection rates of HFHL and ONID were 24.2% and 8.8%, respectively. The risk prediction results showed that, based on the actual noise exposure time and age of the study subjects, the risk of HFHL and ONID ranged from 1.7%-48.8% and 0.0%-29.5%, respectively. The risks of HFHL caused solely by occupational noise exposure when working up to 50.0, 55.0, and 60.0 years of age were 11.4% to 64.7%, 16.4% to 65.1%, and 17.2% to 59.4%, respectively. The risks of ONID caused solely by occupational noise exposure were 0.0% to 45.5%, 4.2% to 51.7%, and 5.9% to 57.4%, respectively. Except for the blade workers, the predicted median of potential noise-induced permanent threshold shifts (NIPTS) in the other five positions were lower than the actual values of NIPTS, with the difference ranging from 3.0-28.3 dB, and 73.3% of them underestimated by 10.0 dB or more. Conclusion The outcome of noise exposure on the hearing of workers in this enterprise are severe. Risk management should be conducted according to the WS/T 755-2016.

Application research of mixed teaching based on DingTalk platform in clinical practice teaching of respiratory department / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of online and offline mixed teaching based on DingTalk platform in clinical practice teaching of respiratory department.Methods:The Batch 2016 ( n= 40) and Batch 2017 ( n=47) undergraduates of clinical medicine in Qiqihar Medical College were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into a control group and a research group. The control group adopted traditional offline theoretical teaching, while the research group adopted online-offline mixed teaching, focusing on teaching design and teaching objectives, teaching subjects, teaching resources, network platforms and teaching activities (classroom learning and evaluation). The theoretical and practical test scores of the two groups of interns were compared, and the evaluations of the students in the research group on the effect of online and offline mixed teaching were collected. Excel 2013 was used to sort out the data, and R software was used for data processing and statistical analysis. T-test was used for measurement data and Chi-square test was used for counting data. Results:The operational test scores [(28.16±1.70) points] and theoretical scores [(82.07±6.40) points] of the students in the study group were higher than those in the control group [(23.35±2.88) points and (76.20±5.67) points], with significant differences ( P<0.001). Compared with the students in the control group, the students in the research group were more satisfied with the mixed teaching method. Conclusion:The online and offline mixed teaching is conducive to improving students' comprehensive performance, learning effect, and promoting students' clinical diagnosis and treatment skills, self-study, innovation abilities and clinical competence.

Study on Performance Indicator System of Green Supply Chain in Pharmaceutical Industry / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To provide refe rence for improving the performance of drug supply chain and sustainable development of the pharmaceutical industry in China . METHODS ：By collecting literatures and combining with the characteristics of drug supply chain ，the questionnaire was designed with Likert 5 scale. After the questionnaire was tested and modified by 10 experts，a preliminary index system framework was formed. The formal questionnaire was prepared by the questionnaire test method；37 experts were consulted by Delphi method ，the index weight was determined by AHP method ，and the index reliability was tested by statistical analysis method ；finally，a pharmaceutical enterprise was taken as an example to measure the index system. RESULTS ：The positive coefficient of the first round of expert consultation was 100％，and that of the second round was 94.59％；average degree of authority of experts was 0.832 6；expert coordination coefficient of the first round was 0.218 2，and that of the second round was 0.396 5. The green supply chain performance indicator system of the pharmaceutical industry included 6 first-level indicators and 26 second-level indicators ，such as drug greenness ，green marketing ，operation process ，drug quality ， drug safety and drug economy. The consistency ratio of the first-level indexes and all second-level indexes were all less than 0.1， the overall Cronbach ’s α coefficient of the index system was 0.892 1. The measured results of a pharmaceutical enterprise showed that the highest score of the pharmaceutical enterprise was the “drug quality ”index，with an absolute score of 3.962 7；the lowest score was the “drug greenness ”index，with an absolute score of 2.297 9. The green supply chain performance evaluation score was 3.167 8，which was at a medium level. CONCLUSIONS ：The established index system has good reliability and validity ，and is expected to provide reference for the performance evaluation of green supply chain in China ’s pharmaceutical industry.

Practice and exploration of online teaching of oncological radiotherapy during standardized residency training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study takes the online teaching of oncological radiotherapy for standardized residency training in Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital as an example, interprets the practice of carrying out online education, thinks about the problems in the teaching process, and is committed to making great contributions to the improvement of medical education quality in the new era and new background.

Protosappanin A increases the sensitivity of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells to radiotherapy / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective In this study,Protosappanin A,Caesalpinia Sappan L extract and Cisplatin were combined with radiotherapy in gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 to investigate whether the Protosappanin A could in-crease radiosensitivity( SER) in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. This will be medication to create new areas of in-novation in the future. Methods The cell proliferation of SGC-7901 cells was detected by MTT assay. The rela-tionship between the effect of the Protosappanin A on cell proliferation and the time of action was determined. Caesalpinia Sappan L extract and Cisplatin were as controls. The fitted cell survival curve and clonal formation as-says were used to determine the SER to analyze the sensitizative effect of Protosappanin A. Results Protosappa-nin A could inhibit the growth of SGC-7901 cells,and its inhibitory effect is relatively weak. Its cytotoxicity has a time-and concentration-dependent manner. Cellular morphological changes were observed accompanying with increased concentrations and time treatments of Protosappanin A. Clonal formation experiment showed that the Protosappanin A significantly increased the radiosensitivity of SGC-7901 cells when compared to the radioactive group. They showed a statistically difference. Conclusion The inhibitory effect of the Protosappanin A on SGC-7901 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Protosappanin A combined radiotherapy can improve the radiosensitization of cells,both of which may have synergistic anti-tumor effect.

Study on the Quality Standard of Solanum tuberdsm / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Solanum tuberdsm. METHODS:The microscopic characteristics were detected;TLC was used for qualitative identification;moisture,ash,heavy metals and the amount of extract were deter-mined;HPLC was conducted for content determination of oxidized cyanidin:the column was Alltima C18 with mobile phase of ace-tonitrile-0.1% trifluoroacetic acid(80∶20,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 538 nm,column tempera-ture was 30℃. RESULTS:It showed clear microscopic identification map. S. tuberdsm TLC had clear spots and well separated. The water content was 8.5%-11.0%;total ash was 2.0%-2.9%;Pb was lower than 5 ppm and alcohol-soluble extracts was 15.6%-22.3%. The linear range of oxidized cyanidin was 0.043-0.215 μg(r=0.999 8);RSDs of precision,stability and reproduc-ibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recovery was 95.50%-99.65%(RSD=1.35%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The established method can be used for the quality control of S. tuberdsm.

Antitumor effects of a polypeptide isolated from Tegillarca granosa linnaeus and the related molecular mechanism

This study is to investigate the anticancer effects and mechanisms of Tegillarca granosa Linnaeus-1 [TG-1] on renal carcinoma OS-RC-2 cells in vitro. The proliferation of OS-RC-2 cells was evaluated under various concentrations of TG-1 using MTT assay. The apoptosis of OS-RC-2 cells was analyzed using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. And the cell cycle distribution of OS-RC-2 cells was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression level of Ki67 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR and level of casepase-3 was examined by Western blot analysis. TG-1 incubation significantly inhibited the proliferation of renal carcinoma OS-RC-2 cells and arrested cells at G[0]/G[1] phase [P <0.05]. And TG-1 also significantly inhibited the expression of Ki67 mRNA [P<0.05]. Additionally, TG- 1 significantly promoted apoptosis and the expression of caspase-3 in cells [P<0.05]. Moreover, the optimal effects of TG-1 was achieved at the concentration of 100 mg/L The results indicate that TG-1 has antitumor effects on renal carcinoma OS-RC-2 cells and that the underlying mechanisms may be acted through inhibiting proliferation and Ki67 mRNA expression, and promoting apoptosis and caspase-3 expression.

Content of L-carnitine and its acylates in plasma of patients with diabetes and diabetes complications / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the changes of content of L-carnitine (LC ), acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC ) and propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC )in patients with diabetes and its complications.Methods By replicating meth-od of pre-column derivatization HPLC,the contents of plasma LC,ALC,PLC were detercted in normal sub-jects and in patients of diabetes mellitus,diabetic reti-nopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy,diabetic hypertension,diabetic coronary heart disease.Results The concentration of LC in normal subjects and in patients of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy,diabetic hypertension,diabetic coronary heart disease were (41.01 ±8.05 )μmol · L-1 ,(36.72 ±8.23 )μmol · L-1 ,(33.3 1 ±6.26 )μmol·L-1 ,(33.81 ±5.61 )μmol·L-1 ,(33.57 ± 6.67 )μmol · L-1 , (33.67 ±5.36 )μmol · L-1 , (32.87 ±6.05 )μmol · L-1 respectively.The plasma LC concentration in diabetic group was significantly lower than that of normal control group (P<0.05 ). Moreover,the LC concentration in other groups of dia-betic complications was lower than that in diabetic group, and LC concentration showed no significant difference in various groups of diabetic complications. There was no significant difference in the plasma con-centrations of ALC and PLC of diabetes group and the diabetic complication groups too.Conclusion In Chi-nese normal subjects,patients with diabetes and dia-betic complications,the plasma concentrations of LC in diabetic patients are lower than normal,and plasma concentration of LC in diabetic complications are lower than that in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Research on preventing the tendon adhesion by using bFGF/vitamin C composite biodegradable membrane / 中国综合临床

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of preventing tendon adhesion by using bFGF/ vitamin C composite biodegradable membrane.MethodsSixty Newzerland rabbits were divided into experimental and control groups randomly.After the animal model was established, the tendon autografts were encapsulated with the bFGF/vitamin C composite biodegradable membrane in experimental group, while no tendon autografts encapsulation in control.Three weeks after surgery, regular HE staining and AgNO3 staining were performed to observe the fibroblast nuclei and vitamin C.The quantity of collagen fibrils was measured by Luzex-F Image Analyzer.Eight weeks after surgery, the peritendinous adhesion and the maximum tensile load were analyzed.Results At 3 weeks after surgery, the numbers of vitamin C granules, fibroblast nuclei and collagen fibrils in the experimental group were significantly more than those in the control group(t = 11.78 ,P ＜0.001) .At 8 weeks after surgery, the peritendinous adhesion in the experimental group was significantly slighter than that in the control group(Z =3.922,P ＜0.005) ,and the maximum tensile load in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (t = 8.39, P ＜ 0.001) .ConclusionbFGF/vitamin C composite biodegradable membrane can stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts and synthesis of collagen fibrils,improve the biomechanical property of tendon autografts and prevent the tendon adhesion.

The graduation thesis design and enlightenment of biology department / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on investigating the protection and possible mechanism of LC on acute hepatic injury in mouse induced by medicine,we discussed the procedure of scientific research and analyzed in detail the enlightenment in the experiment.

Research on Opening Functional Experiment / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To explore new teaching method of functional experiment,we opened the functional laboratory to encourage students' creativity and train their practical ability and develop their innovative ability.The experiment teaching innovation was attempted and discussed the functional speciality.

Inhibition of UVA-induced apoptosis by the polypeptide from Chlamys farreri via regulation of c-jun and COX-2 expression in HaCaT cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim A UVA-induced apoptotic model of HaCaT cells was established to investigate the impact of UVA on c-jun/cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)and explore related molecular mechanism of the polypeptide from Chlamys farreri(PCF)protecting HaCaT cells from UVA-induced apoptosis.Methods Cells were divided into five groups:control group,UVA model group,UVA+5.69 mmol?L-1 PCF group,UVA+2.84 mmol?L-1 PCF group,UVA+1.42 mmol?L-1 PCF group.Expression level of c-jun was assayed by Real-Time PCR and Western blot.RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of COX-2.Using agarose gel electrophoresis,the effects of PCF and COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib on UVA-induced apoptosis were also investigated.Results PCF and celecoxib had inhibitory effect on 8 J?cm-2 UVA-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells.COX-2 mRNA and protein levels increased after UVA radiation and the discrepancy was significant compared with control group(P

The role of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand and Polypeptide from Chlamys farreri in UVA-induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the impact of UVA on expression of tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and study the role of TRAIL in UVA-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells as well as the influence of Polypeptide from Chlamys farreri(PCF)on TRAIL apoptotic pathway induced by UVA.Methods Cells were divided into five groups: control group, UVA model group,UVA+5.69 mmol?L-1 PCF group, UVA+2.84 mmol?L-1 PCF group, UVA+1.42 mmol?L-1 PCF group.Expression level of TRAIL mRNA was assayed by Real-Time PCR.Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein level of TRAIL and caspase-8 activation. The effect of TRAIL neutralization antibody on UVA-induced apoptosis was also investigated.Results TRAIL mRNA and protein levels increased after 8 J?cm-2 UVA radiation and the discrepancy was significant compared with control group(P

Antiaging effects of beta-carotene from dunaliella salina on fruit flies and rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate antiaging effects of beta-carotene(?-C) from dunaliella salina on fruit flies and rats and to probe possible mechanisms.Methods The whole study contains fruit flies experiment and rats experiment.In the fruit flies experiment,fruit flies were divided into nine groups according to different ingredient in the nutrient medium.We took life span,flight capability,the number of copulatory fruit flies aged 8 days,and head MDA content of fruit flies aged 40 days as indexes of aging.In rats experiment, 54 aged male rats were divided randomly into 6 groups and bred for 45 days with different diet.Plasma MDA,CAT and GSH-Px were detected.MDA,SOD and GSH-Px in heart,liver,pulmo,lien and brain were also detected.Results Compared with control group in fruit flies experiment,the shortest life span,maximum life span and mean life span were increased in each experimental group.Flight rate and flight frequency were increased,the number of copulatory fruit flies was also increased.The content of MDA was significantly decreased.In rats experiment,plasma MDA content was significantly decreased.The activity of GSH-Px was elevated.Similar results were obtained in different tissues.MDA content was significantly decreased in each tissue sample,while activities of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly inceased.Conclusion ?-C from dunaliella salina had antiaging effects on fruit flies and aged rats.The possible mechanism resided in its antioxidative effects owing to the elevated antioxidases.

Polypeptide from Chlamys farreri prevents UVB-induced apoptosis in the HaCaT cells through death receptor pathway and mitochondrial pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate whether the polypeptide from Chlamys farreri(PCF)protected HaCaT cells from UVB-induced apoptosis through Fas-caspase-3 and ROS-cytochrome C.Methods Experiment designs were divided into five groups:control group,UVB model group,UVB+5.69 mmol?L-1PCF group,UVB+2.84 mmol?L-1 PCF group,UVB+1.42 mmol?L-1 PCF group.SiRNA for Fas inhibited Fas expression of UVB-induced HaCaT cells.Using agarose gel electrophoresis,the effects of Fas siRNA and ROS scavenger NAC on UVB-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells were investigated.Expression levels of cytochrome C andcaspase-3 after inhibitory Fas were determined by Western blot analysis.Intracellular ROS was detected by means of an oxidation-sensitive fluorescent probe(DCFH-DA).Results SiRNA for Fas had inhibitory effects on UVB-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells and caspase-3 expression.NAC had inhibitory effects on UVB-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells.PCF inhibited UVB-induced generation of ROS and cytochrome C release dose-dependently.Conclusions PCF protected HaCaT cells from UVB-induced apoptosis.Its inhibitory effect on apoptosis could be attributed to inhibition of Fas-caspase-3 and ROS-cytochrome C pathways.

Synergism of polypeptides from Chlamysfarreri(PCF) on the antitumor effect of cytoxan / 中国海洋药物

Objective To study the synergistic antitumor effect of PCF when combine used with CTX.Methods Inoculated 0.2 mL H22 tumor fluid into the right armpit of mouse,and then the animals were divided into seven groups randomly: control group;CTX group(CTX 10 mg?kg-1);three test group(PCF 1000,500 and 250 mg?kg-1) and two combined use groups (PCF 1000,500 mg?kg-1with CTX 10 mg?kg-1).PCF were given by intragastric administration for 10 days,and CTX by intraperitoneal injection for 10 days.Same volume of saline was given to the control group.The mice were killed 24 hours after the last medication and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated.Results Three PCF groups had no effect on tumor inhibition,while two combined treatusement groups showed significant effect on tumor inhibition,while at the same doses the tumor inhibition rates were raised to 55.9% and 52.9% respectively,which were higher than that of CTX when used alone.Conclusion PCF can enhance the antitumor effects of CTX.

An experiment study on antitumor effect of Haishengsu injection / 中国海洋药物

Objective To investigate the antitumor effect of Haishengsu injection extracted from marine shellfish. Methods Transplant tumor models of sarcoma 180 (S 180), Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), and hepatoma (Heps) in mice were established. Different doses of Haishengsu injection were given to the mice and the tumor inhibition rates of Haishengsu injection, life span of the mice were calculated. Results The tumor inhibition rates of haishengsu injection (490～1000mg?kg -1?d -1,iv) were 41.10%～49.08% in mice with S 180 and 36.29%～49.19% in mice with hepatoma,respectively. The same doses of Haishengsu injection prolonged the life spans of EAC-bearing mice by 22.93%～69.98%. Conclusion The haishengsu injection has the antitumor effects on the tumor-bearing mice without evident side effects.

Combined chemo-radiotherapy for inresectable non-small cell lung cancers / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective　To evaluate the effect of radiotherapy（RT）combined with chemotherapy(C) for stage Ⅲ non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and to find a more effective way of giving them.Methods　From Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1997 , 60 patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC were randomized into two groups . RT alone group(30 cases) was given conventional fractionated DT 60～70?Gy/6～7 W. The combined group(30 cases) received conventional fractionated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy (DDP,5-FU,VP-16 and IFO, given simulatneosly). In some patients,chemotherapy was also siven before,during and after RT for at least 2 courses. Results　CR rates of RT and combined groups were 20% and 43%, respectively . PD rate of the two groups were 10%and 7% . The 1-,2-and 3- year survival rates were 42.4%,15.7%,7.8% in the RT group and 68.1%,37.8%,18.9% in the combined group(P<0.05). The median survival periods were 8 months and 15 months though the combined group had more obvious side-effects than the RT group. Conclusions　Combined therapy is able to improve obviously the survival rate of stage Ⅲ NSCLC with the induction therapy very important. We expect a more effective combination is to have RT and C simultaneosly or alternately given.

Experimental study on gemcitabine increase of radiation-induced pulmonary injury in mice / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

90%) was a forepart change of gemcitabine-induced lung injury in the first month in G group, but the exudation, proliferation and fibrosis dominated in the 1,3 and 6 months in R+CG group. Hydroxyproline content of lung-irridiated tissue was increased from the 5th month and lasted to months 6,7 and 8, and its content in the R+CG group was higher than that in the other groups(P