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Objective To study the relationship between advanced liver fibrosis and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DPN). Methods A total of 173 patients (89 men and 84 women) with type 2 diabetes who hos?pitalized in Tianjin Third Central Hospital within nearly three years (2013.02-2015.02) were divided into three groups ac?cording to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score:group A (NFS≤-1.455), group B (-1.455
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Objective The study is to investigate the effects of skin protectant carried out among the patients with incontinence,analyze the risk factors and protective factors of the occurrence of incontinence-associated dermatitis,and provide effective preventive measures for clinic.Methods From May 2013 to January 2014,174 cases of high-risk patients with incontinence from care units of intensive care unit,neurology intensive care unit,neurosurgery intensive care unit,and emergency intensive care unit of a top three hospital of Nantong were divided into three groups and provided with preventive interventions of skin protectant.Group A used ostomy skin care powder,group B used tannic acid ointment,and group C used Comfeel skin protective film.The incidence rate and time to onset of incontinence-associated dermatitis were compared,and then the relevant factors which might cause the occurrence of incontinence-associated dermatitis underwent Logistic regression analysis.Results 32 cases (18.4％) of patients after application of skin protectants occurred incontinence-associated dermatitis.The incidence rate of IAD in the three experiment groups (group A,group B and group C) were 30.4％,10.3％ and 15.0％.The incidence rate of IAD was the lowest in group B,followed by group C and group A.There was a significant difference among the three groups.In the comparison pair match,the differences of incidence rate between group A and group B,group A and group C were statistically significant,but the incidence rate of group B and group C was statistically insignificant.Mean time to onset of incontinence-associated dermatitis was (7.00± 3.91) days.The occurrence time of IAD among the three groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions In the process of incontinence care,it should be given as early as possible to clean the peri-anal skin and apply skin protectant with better preventive effects.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma soluble CD36 (sCD36) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Plasma levels of sCD36 were determined in normal control group (group A, n=39), patients of T2DM without NAFLD group (group B, n=39) and T2DM with NAFLD group (group C, n=59). Liver fat content (LFC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score (NFS) were calculated in group C. Glucose and lipid metabolic parameters, liver function parameters and inflammatory parameters were also detect?ed in all three groups. Variance analysis was applied to analyze the differences of the above parameters among three groups;Correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sCD36 level and all the above parameters;Multiple step? wise regression analysis was applied to determine the influencing factors of sCD36 level in patients of group C. Results Plasma sCD36 (μg/L) levels in group B (3.87 ± 1.16) and group C (5.72 ± 1.79) are higher than that of group A (2.57 ± 0.93) (both P<0.01), and it is higher in group C than in group B (each P<0.05);Correlation analysis showed that sCD36 level was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist, visceral adipose tissue,fast insulin (FINS), insulin resistance in?dex (HOMA-IR), free fatty acid (FFA), alanine transaminase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), LFC and NFS (P<0.01 or P<0.05);Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that FFA, LFC, TNF-αand IL-6 were in?fluencing factors of sCD36 level in patients of group C. Conclusion Plasma sCD36 level was related to fatty liver severity, liver injury and fatty liver fibrosis, it might be used as a plasma marker of T2DM combined with NAFLD. CD36 might con?tribute to the development of T2DM combined with NAFLD through inflammatory mechanisms.
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Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the perineal assessment tool (PAT),and explore its applicability in domestic patients with incontinence.Methods A convenience sample of 100 patients were recruited for evaluation.The patients with incontinence were assessed for lAD risk using the Chinese version of PAT.The reliability tests were conducted on internal consistency,interrater,test-retest,and the validity tests were conducted on content validity index(CVI),exploratory factor analysis,receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC).Results The Chinese version of PAT comprised 4 items,Cronbach's α was 0.512,and items related to the total score was appropriate; inter-rater reliability was 0.889; test-retest reliability was 0.791.CVI was 0.95.Exploratory analysis showed that the most interpretable solution consisted of 2 factors.The accumulative variance contribution explained 67.397％ of variance of the total scale.Predictive validity was moderate,the best cut-off point was determined at 6.5 points.Conclusions Due to the special design,its internal consistency reliability was low; content validity was relatively sufficient,but it still needs further revision and test.Inter-rater reliability,test-retest reliability,construct validity,predictive validity was generally good,and it could be used as the screening tool of IAD risk.The results prompt PAT could be used as a benchmark,and we can adjust the entry of PAT to provide a more accurate IAD predicting tool by studying the IAD risk factors.